Skip to main content
  • Architecture, Computer Aided Design, 3D Laser scanning (Architecture), 3D Laser Scanning (Archaeology), Disegno E Rilievo, Survey (Archaeological Method & Theory), and 48 moreedit
  • Professore Associato Icar/17 al Dipartimento di Architettura, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Tesi di Laurea Archi... moreedit
Petrification is a process, but it also can be understood as a concept. This volume takes the first steps to manifest, materialize or “petrify” the concept of “petrification” and turn it into a tool for analyzing material and social... more
Petrification is a process, but it also can be understood as a concept. This volume takes the first steps to manifest, materialize or “petrify” the concept of “petrification” and turn it into a tool for analyzing material and social processes. The wide array of approaches to petrification as a process assembled here is more of a collection of possibilities than an attempt to establish a firm, law-generating theory. Divided into three parts, this volume’s twenty-plus authors explore petrification both as a theoretical concept and as a contextualized material and social process across geological, prehistoric and historic periods.
Topics connecting the various papers are properties of materials, preferences and choices of actors, the temporality of matter, being and becoming, the relationality between actors, matter, things and space (landscape, urban space, built space), and perceptions of the following generations dealing with the petrified matter, practices, and social relations. Contributors to this volume study specifically whether particular processes of petrification are confined to the material world or can be seen as mirroring, following, triggering, or contradicting changes in social life and general world views. Each of the authors explores – for a period or a specific feature – practices and changes that led to increased conformity and regularity. Some authors additionally focus on the methods and scrutinize them and their applications for their potential to create objects of investigation: things, people, periods, in order to raise awareness for these or to shape or “invent” categories. This volume is of interest to archaeologists, geologists, architectural historians, conservationists, and historians.
In discussions on urbanism, the need to involve new actors has been a major theme of recent debate. In this field, throughout Europe, various ways of allowing citizens to take a more direct part in planning is stressed. It is also... more
In discussions on urbanism, the need to involve new actors has been a major theme of recent debate. In this field, throughout Europe, various ways of allowing citizens to take a more direct part in planning is stressed. It is also important to look at the role or lack of the role played by particular research fields. Architecture plays a major role in city planning. While Archaeology has become increasingly involved in field projects in urban environments, the discipline seldom plays an important role in City Planning. In several countries and particular cities this situation has been questioned during the last decades. In November 2018, a group of scholars from different countries met in Mersin, Turkey, to discuss about the relationship between Architecture, Archaeology and Contemporary City Planning. This book collects the final papers from that meeting.
Collection of the Abstracts of the AACCP 2019 ROME, ITALY Committee: Liisa Seppänen, Per Cornell, Giorgio Verdiani, Pablo Rodriguez-Navarro, James Dixon, Sinan Burat. The workshop will be realized in collaboration between the University... more
Collection of the Abstracts of the AACCP 2019 ROME, ITALY

Committee: Liisa Seppänen, Per Cornell, Giorgio Verdiani, Pablo Rodriguez-Navarro, James Dixon, Sinan Burat. The workshop will be realized in collaboration between the University of Turku, Finland, the Architecture Department of the University of Florence, Italy and the Department of Historical Studies of the University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
ABSTRACT COLLECTION of the AACCP 2018, Mersin, Turkey Architecture, Archaeology and Contemporary City Planning Scholars Workshop is a series of meetings with the intention of providing the ground for new interaction and dialogue between... more
ABSTRACT COLLECTION of the AACCP 2018, Mersin, Turkey

Architecture, Archaeology and Contemporary City Planning Scholars Workshop is a series of meetings with the intention of providing the ground for new interaction and dialogue between architects, planners and archaeologists. The first of the meetings was held in 2014 in Firenze. The following yearly editions, in Valencia, Cancun, London and Turku have brought on a logic of discussion and sharing information between the participants. There is no rigid separation between the scholars who are invited to the conference: exchanging experiences and contributing to accumulation of knowledge jointly by presenting findings of scientific research and projects is one of the main aspects of this conference. Making new connections and networking is another key function of this year’s meeting, as it also was in the previous meetings.
Le opere non realizzate, incompiute, distrutte o trasformate radicalmente, hanno spesso esercitato il fascino del “cosa sarebbe potuto essere”, influenzando architetti, archeologi e studiosi dei Beni Culturali, che variamente si sono... more
Le opere non realizzate, incompiute, distrutte o trasformate radicalmente, hanno spesso esercitato il fascino del “cosa sarebbe potuto essere”, influenzando architetti, archeologi e studiosi dei Beni Culturali, che variamente si sono esercitati nel cercare di immaginare e visualizzare le caratteristiche di un luogo prima della sua trasformazione o di una parte di città se un’opera non realizzata si fosse concretata. Questo è stato fatto nel pensiero che l’interpretazione accurata sul luogo possa permettere di recuperare ad una conoscenza corretta le sue ragioni e ricostruire un patrimonio di informazioni trasferibili e coerenti, capaci di ricomporre i motivi sia delle realizzazioni che delle mancanze, che delle vicende della sua distruzione o trasformazione. Un'operazione che nell’ambito dell’Architettura richiede una comprensione del progetto sotteso e un percorso a ritroso verso le idee originali che lo hanno generato. Un processo che qui si riassume nel termine "Retroprogettazione".
In discussions on urbanism, the need to involve new actors has been a major theme of recent debate. In this field, throughout Europe, various ways of allowing citizens to take a more direct part in planning is stressed. It is also... more
In discussions on urbanism, the need to involve new actors has been a major theme of recent debate. In this field, throughout Europe, various ways of allowing citizens to take a more direct part in planning is stressed. It is also important to look at the role or lack of the role played by particular research fields. Architecture plays a major role in city planning. While archaeology has become increasingly involved in field projects in urban environments, the discipline seldom plays an important role in city planning. In several countries and particular cities this situation has been questioned during the last decades. In May 2017, a group of scholars from different countries met in Turku to discuss about the relationship between Architecture, Archaeology and contemporary City Planning. This book collects the final papers from that meeting.
Abstract collection of the Scholar Workshop "Architecture, Archaeology and Contemporary City Planning" Turku, Finland, 15-18th May 2017.
Research Interests:
In discussions on urbanism, the need to involve new actors has been a major theme of recent debate. In this field, throughout Europe, various ways of allowing citizens to take a more direct part in planning is stressed. It is also... more
In discussions on urbanism, the need to involve new actors has been a major theme of recent debate. In this field, throughout Europe, various ways of allowing citizens to take a more direct part in planning is stressed. It is also important to look at the role or lack of role played by particular research fields. Architecture plays a major role in city planning. While archaeology has become increasingly involved in field projects in urban environments, the discipline seldom plays an important role in city planning. In several countries and particular cities this situation has been questioned during the last decades. In September 2016 a group of scholars from different countries met in London to discuss about the relationship between Architecture, Archaeology and contemporary City Planning. This book collects the final papers from that meeting.
Exhibition catalogue from the Fortmed 2016 Conference, all posters and comments about the activities with the Girne American University.
Research Interests:
Proceedings of the Fortmed 2016. Volume 4 FORTMED 2016 is the International Conference on Modern Age Fortifications of the Mediterranean coast. This was the second edition following the first opening in Valencia in October 2015. The... more
Proceedings of the Fortmed 2016. Volume 4

FORTMED 2016 is the International Conference on Modern Age Fortifications of the Mediterranean coast. This was the second edition following the first opening in Valencia in October 2015.
The conference took place on November 10th, 11th and 12th 2016, at the Dipartimento di Architettura (DiDA) of the Florence University (UNIFI).
The conference’s main objective is the exchange of knowledge and sharing for the better understanding, assessment, management and exploitation of culture and heritage that developed on the Mediterranean coast in the modern age, taking into account the wide distribution of these results. The Conference has an interdisciplinary aim where architects, engineers, archaeologists, historians, geographers, geologists, cartographers, heritage managers, tourism experts, experts in restoration-conservation and promotion of heritage will participate. The idea is to provide a more inclusive, more real and more up to date views, leading us to the point where we could find the investigations of this matter, in the twenty-first century.
The theme is centered on the fortifications of the western Mediterranean (Spain, France, Italy, Malta, Grece, Albania, Turkey, Cyprus, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, etc...) in the fifteenth to eighteenth centuries, although it does not exclude other countries and other fortifications from this era.
Research Interests:
Proceedings of the Fortmed 2016. Volume 3 FORTMED 2016 is the International Conference on Modern Age Fortifications of the Mediterranean coast. This was the second edition following the first opening in Valencia in October 2015. The... more
Proceedings of the Fortmed 2016. Volume 3

FORTMED 2016 is the International Conference on Modern Age Fortifications of the Mediterranean coast. This was the second edition following the first opening in Valencia in October 2015.
The conference took place on November 10th, 11th and 12th 2016, at the Dipartimento di Architettura (DiDA) of the Florence University (UNIFI).
The conference’s main objective is the exchange of knowledge and sharing for the better understanding, assessment, management and exploitation of culture and heritage that developed on the Mediterranean coast in the modern age, taking into account the wide distribution of these results. The Conference has an interdisciplinary aim where architects, engineers, archaeologists, historians, geographers, geologists, cartographers, heritage managers, tourism experts, experts in restoration-conservation and promotion of heritage will participate. The idea is to provide a more inclusive, more real and more up to date views, leading us to the point where we could find the investigations of this matter, in the twenty-first century.
The theme is centered on the fortifications of the western Mediterranean (Spain, France, Italy, Malta, Grece, Albania, Turkey, Cyprus, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, etc...) in the fifteenth to eighteenth centuries, although it does not exclude other countries and other fortifications from this era.
Research Interests:
In discussions on urbanism, the need to involve new actors has been a major theme of recent debate. In this eld, throughout Europe, various ways of allowing citizens to take a more direct part in planning is stressed. It is also... more
In discussions on urbanism, the need to involve new actors has been a major theme of recent debate. In this eld, throughout Europe, various ways of allowing citizens to take a more direct part in planning is stressed. It is also important to look at the role or lack of role played by particular research elds. Architecture plays a major role in city planning. While archaeology has become increasingly involved in eld projects in urban environments, the discipline seldom plays an important role in city planning. In several countries and particular cities this situation has been questioned during the last decades. In May 2015 a group of scholars from different countries met in Valencia to discuss about the relationship between Architecture, Archaeology and contemporary City Planning. This book collects the nal papers from that meeting.
Research Interests:
In discussions on urbanism, the need to involve new actors has been a major theme of recent debate. In this field, throughout Europe, various ways of allowing citizens to take a more direct part in planning is stressed. It is also... more
In discussions on urbanism, the need to involve new actors has been a major theme of recent debate. In this field, throughout Europe, various ways of allowing citizens to take a more direct part in planning is stressed. It is also important to look at the role or lack of role played by particular research fields. Architecture plays a major role in city planning. While archaeology has become increasingly involved in field projects in urban environments, the discipline seldom plays an important role in city planning. The digital tools for documenting and designing have changed the approach to many procedures and have created new figures involved in the process of facing architecture and archaeology.
In several countries and particular cities this situation has been questioned during the last decades.
In Sweden, certain studies indicate an increased interest in an active involvement of archaeology from the part of individual municipalities and provincial governments, and even on the state level in certain cases.
In France, Lavendhomme at Inrap has discussed various possible new kinds of uses of archaeology in the planning process, and similar discussions start to appear in other countries. In the UK, archaeologists are increasingly involved in mitigating heritage impacts of building projects at the design stage rather than during construction (excavating).
To take just one example, in Sweden the archaeologist Stefan Larsson has developed a project with the municipality of Kalmar, in which city planners, architects and archaeologists collaborate in making suggestions for a city plan in a segment of the city.
In this workshop we will focus on possible new ways of collaboration between architects and archaeologists. With a particular stress over the intelligent use of digital solution for documenting, designing and representing the contest and the new ideas. We wish to open a new kind of communication between these research fields and related praxis.
The possible contributions from archaeology include questions of conservation, diffusion of archaeological knowledge by different means, but also other fields, including practical knowledge on the development of particular districts over time, general knowledge in comparative studies of urbanism, questions of design or questions of “gestalt” in urban settings, and the intersections between archaeology, architecture and public art. Last but not least the topic of the communication, which in our time is something totally linked to the digital media.
We hope this workshop will help to open this field, and that it will be followed by other scholarly meetings on more limited particular cases and questions and, potentially, by a larger conference building on the workshop’s outcomes.

Pablo Rodriguez Navarro, Giorgio Verdiani, Per Cornell
Research Interests:
In discussions on urbanism, the need to involve new actors has been a major theme of recent debate. In this field, throughout Europe, various ways of allowing citizens to take a more direct part in planning is stressed. It is also... more
In discussions on urbanism, the need to involve new actors has been a major theme of recent debate. In this field, throughout Europe, various ways of allowing citizens to take a more direct part in planning is stressed. It is also important to look at the role or lack of role played by particular research fields. Architecture plays a major role in city planning. While archaeology has become increasingly involved in field projects in urban environments, the discipline seldom plays an important role in city planning. In several countries and particular cities this situation has been questioned during the last decades. In June 2014 a group of scholars from 8 different countries met in Florence to discuss about the relationship between Architecture, Archaeology and contemporary City Planning. This book collects the final papers from that meeting.
La modellazione per i Beni Culturali pone spesso problemi di non semplice soluzione, gestire le informazioni da dati massivi come quelli provenienti dal rilievo digitale richiede approcci specifici ed efficaci. In questo volume, redatto... more
La modellazione per i Beni Culturali pone spesso problemi di non semplice soluzione, gestire le informazioni da dati massivi come quelli provenienti dal rilievo digitale richiede approcci specifici ed efficaci. In questo volume, redatto da docenti, ricercatori e collaboratori dei corsi di Disegno Automatico e Tecniche Grafiche Avanzate, si propone un approccio efficace per il bilanciamento tra la volontà di presevare un alto livello di dettagli e la necessità di dover garantire una effettiva gestibilità dei modelli tridimensionali digitali rappresentanti architetture, archeologie ed elementi statuari e di ornato.
In recent years, the need to digitize and create digital twins of the ar-chitectural and artistic heritage has been confirmed and accelerated. In this con-text, the DIDA-LXR (Laboratory for eXtended Reality) of the DIDALABS sys-tem, has... more
In recent years, the need to digitize and create digital twins of the ar-chitectural and artistic heritage has been confirmed and accelerated. In this con-text, the DIDA-LXR (Laboratory for eXtended Reality) of the DIDALABS sys-tem, has carried out a series of research on the use of Virtual and Augmented Reality solutions to create and support activities in digital surveying, workshops for architects, and the establishment of a common knowledge basin regarding the existing architectural heritage. In this paper, several experiences are presented, and their workflows and results are shared. The selection focuses on the virtual reconstruction of the Gothic apses in the Cathedral of Fabriano; the reconstruc-tion of the frescoes in Santa Maria dei Bianchi in Gubbio and the virtual recon-struction of the Horrea Agrippiana at the Roman Forum in Rome. Despite these four case studies being different, they all aim at creating a series of products that document the state and possible aspects o...
Palazzo Vecchio is a cultural-historical centre full of elements from different periods able to offer multiple ideas and reflections. Inside there are objects, rooms and environments that document many years of history interacting with... more
Palazzo Vecchio is a cultural-historical centre full of elements from different periods able to offer multiple ideas and reflections. Inside there are objects, rooms and environments that document many years of history interacting with many other realities and contexts. The “Hall of the 500”, the large audience hall restored by Giorgio Vasari commissioned by the grand duke Cosimo I, shows in its sumptuous wall paintings the views of cities, places and landscapes, captured in scenes of war and siege. It is possible to observe the city walls of Pisa, the Towers of Siena and Livorno, the military fortifications of Porto Ercole and San Vincenzo, the Mediterranean coasts and the inland valleys. Different places, conquered by the Medici family, which branch off throughout Tuscany and characterise the territory. These places today appear transformed and modified, in part or not, in the landscape and urban fabric. In some cases, it is still possible to find the remains of the sixteenth-century defensive buildings, while in others there is no longer any trace, or at most only few remains. Instead, they are legible in the paintings that identify their elements and characteristics. The opportunity arises for a comparison between real and painted architecture. From this point of view, the frescoes in the hall not only have value as artistic works but also as historical sources and documents able to tell through painting the conformation of the sites represented with well-defined details and historical reliability. Comparing the paintings with today’s urban and landscape fabric, analogies and discrepancies appear, present, missing and added objects that allow to reconstruct the analysed structures, and also to catalogue them according to the level of knowledge acquired with a good degree of reliability of the source. With these assumptions it was possible to model the painted defensive structures in 3D, using not only the frescoes but also writings, drawings and archive plans and also to catalogue it. A map was then edited to identify the level of knowledge achieved with each model. The aim is to increase knowledge of historical and cultural structures to enhance the city’s cultural heritage.
This work reports the results of a multidisciplinary research project concerning the historical complex of Palazzo Vecchio in Florence. This building of exceptional size is the result of successive evolutions starting from the thirteenth... more
This work reports the results of a multidisciplinary research project concerning the historical complex of Palazzo Vecchio in Florence. This building of exceptional size is the result of successive evolutions starting from the thirteenth century in an area that has been urbanized since the Roman age. The study, which aimed at assessing the seismic vulnerability of the complex, required the completion of numerous sub-phases for the architectural and structural
characterization of the building: the identification of the structural units, the historical research, the architectural and
structural geometric survey, the study of the subsoil and the integration of non-destructive or partially destructive
diagnostic campaigns. The creation of a three-dimensional parametric model (BIM) has allowed the computerized
management of data from the knowledge acquisition process and its use for the analysis of seismic vulnerability, for
the facility management of the complex and for the creation of virtual museum itineraries.
In recent years, the need to digitize and create digital twins of architectural and artistic heritage has been confirmed and accelerated. In this context, the DIDA-LXR (Laboratory for eXtended Reality) of the DIDALABS system, has carried... more
In recent years, the need to digitize and create digital twins of architectural and artistic heritage has been confirmed and accelerated. In this context, the DIDA-LXR (Laboratory for eXtended Reality) of the DIDALABS system, has carried out a series of research on the use of Virtual and Augmented Reality solutions to create and support activities in digital surveying, workshops for architects, and the establishment of a common knowledge basin regarding the existing architectural heritage. In this paper, several experiences are presented, and their workflows and results are shared. The selection focuses on the virtual reconstruction of the Gothic apses in the Cathedral of Fabriano; the reconstruction of the frescoes in Santa Maria dei Bianchi in Gubbio and the virtual reconstruction of the Horrea Agrippiana at the Roman Forum in Rome. Despite these four case studies being different, they all aim at creating a series of products that document the state and possible aspects of the past of significant elements of the architectural heritage. In their own way, they fix the state of knowledge and condition of these complex artefacts, preserving their memory and creating a valuable basis for any further interventions. Simultaneously, the use of today's digital tools in structures geared towards both sharing in working groups and dissemination activities makes this content available for a wide variety of processing. The technologies for the visualisation of digital works are to be considered excellent tools for the use and enhancement of Cultural Heritage.
Architectures are always subject to transformation in time. When a historical building is seen by a tourist or by an occasional visitor, it appears like a complete and final artefact, showing its main characteristics like a clear example... more
Architectures are always subject to transformation in time. When a historical building is seen by a tourist or by an occasional visitor, it appears like a complete and final artefact, showing its main characteristics like a clear example of a style or of an artistic phase. This interpretation may turn out to be mostly a simplification, while the building is often the result of a large set of interventions in time. It is the case of a large number of main and secondary architectures, changed according to the mutation of needs and tastes. In Fabriano, in central-eastern Italy, the St. Venanzio Church (later Cathedral) was subject to a significant transformation of the apse interiors during the XVII century, with the demolition of the original chapels’ asset and their replacement by a larger unitarian space behind the main altar. This intervention has afflicted all the frescos that were the decoration of those chapels, they were partially deleted by the new masonry works, covered by pa...
The information management of historical buildings through BIM methodologies presupposes not only the collection of data and information relating to geometric shape and technical parameters of the component elements but more generally the... more
The information management of historical buildings through BIM methodologies presupposes not only the collection of data and information relating to geometric shape and technical parameters of the component elements but more generally the identification of those semantic values, which make it part of the historical-cultural heritage shared in a specific context. It is therefore essential that the modelling purposes and information exchange requirements are explicitly defined in relation to the specific BIM Uses required. This contribution proposes a process of geometric validation of information models of buildings of high morphological complexity implemented through Scan-to-BIM procedures. Through a controlled and interoperable workflow, a chain of software applications is stated to define the level of geometric accuracy (LOA) of the information model with respect to the numerical model derived from the point cloud. Two case studies related to H-BIM modelling of historical monumental complexes dating back to the Romanesque period in Sardinia (Italy) are illustrated: the churches of Sant'Efisio in Nora (Cagliari) and Santa Maria del Regno (Sassari). In the discussion of the results, the need for a prior definition of modelling strategies in relation to the expected BIM uses is highlighted.
Any city with a long and articulated past has buildings, squares and monuments linked to its history, the built heritage is its more evident direct link to the historical and artistic events that characterize the present urban asset. In... more
Any city with a long and articulated past has buildings, squares and monuments linked to its history, the built heritage is its more evident direct link to the historical and artistic events that characterize the present urban asset. In between this main feature, there is the possibility that a myriad of a minor, medium or minimal sized elements may be present, creating a network of evidence, sometimes difficult to catch, but strongly connected to past events and valuable stories. It brings to light details that are often ignored or misinterpreted because of their historical peculiarities. The present research is focused on a structure based on an AR solution to make these traces in Florence downtown more accessible and discoverable. This paper base is the starting point for a special and fascinating exploration of the Florentine downtown, passing by a series of “secondary” but highly intriguing traces. In addition to the most important places and monuments, known and desired by tourists, there are details and trivia that further enhance the uniqueness of the experience in the historical and cultural city.
During the CHNT 2017, while attending together one of the social events, Gilber discussed with Willem Beex the possibility of scanning the famous maquette of Maastricht from 1750. Willem suggested a collaboration between his agency and... more
During the CHNT 2017, while attending together one of the social events, Gilber discussed with Willem Beex the possibility of scanning the famous maquette of Maastricht from 1750. Willem suggested a collaboration between his agency and the Dipartimento di Architettura (Architectural Department) in Florence, Italy, to start what clearly was a nice, involving, not easy and fascinating research and work, centred on a large maquette (about 6 × 7 metres) representing the old town of Maastricht in 1750. The Maquette was under restoration in Lille, France, at the Palais des Beaux-Arts, during the reorganization of the specific maquette room in that museum. A very good condition for a survey intervention. In the middle of 2018, the project was going to be supported financially by the Maastricht Municipality and soon there would be the need for an operative proposal and an effective presence in place to bring on the survey and the following postprocessing. Willem announced the possibility to start the surveys in June 2018, it was the start of an interesting adventure with a very specific cultural heritage subject. The large size, the high level of details and the high expectations about the quality of the results needed a proper set of smart and technical solutions. The creation of a digital twin of the “Ancient εaastricht εaquette” was undoubtedly the first step to bring this heritage into the new information technology age, but also an excellent occasion to bring back the precious data from the past to match with the contemporary city, rising the value of the main building but also the precious witness of the old urban pattern and the past relationship with the territory. This paper will tell the story, methods, procedures of this last work with Willem Beex, completed without him, and here presented in his memory.
La definizione di “museo digitale” e di “museo virtuale” viene oggi frequentemente utilizzata per indicare una varietà di interventi che integrano, espandono o costituiscono alternativa allo spazio museale come tradizionalmente inteso.... more
La definizione di “museo digitale” e di “museo virtuale” viene oggi frequentemente utilizzata per indicare una varietà di interventi che integrano, espandono o costituiscono alternativa allo spazio museale come tradizionalmente inteso. Una qualunque applicazione del concetto di “sostituzione” del digitale al reale è ancora lontana, se non altro per il radicato concetto di unicità delle opere esposte, ad oggi ancora in ampia parte legato a processi intellettuali consolidati e stabili, ma l’uso di soluzioni digitali per facilitare la comunicazione e il funzionamento del museo come macchina per divulgare la conoscenza è quanto mai in ampia e continua innovazione In forma breve è possibile definire il quadro principale delle casistiche, che per quanto soggette a costante evoluzione, sono agevolmente strutturabili in ben determinate categorie con problematiche oggi via via sempre meglio definite. Si tratta di un insieme di componenti che necessitano di essere conosciute più nella loro logica che non in meri aspetti tecnici per permettere una loro corretta inclusione nell’intervento di allestimento museale.
In this paper, the very original urban landscape perception caused by the emergency after the 2020’ New CoronaVirus Pandemic event will be discussed and analyzed. Most of the approaches conducted on social media and on the newspaper have... more
In this paper, the very original urban landscape perception caused by the emergency after the 2020’ New CoronaVirus Pandemic event will be discussed and analyzed. Most of the approaches conducted on social media and on the newspaper have pointed to putting in evidence the spectacular empty cities “as never seen before”, which thing is absolutely correct and underlines a unique condition otherwise almost impossible to experience. In fact, the total lock-down caused by the emergency made it impossible to move from a view of the urban landscape to another, where most of the people were able to see such an emptiness only for their own town, maybe just for their own neighbourhood and maybe just from some lucky windows. The global condition will be watched only composing together the pictures exhibited online and in the newspaper. A specific set of images, created in the days of the emergency will comment and describe the content of the paper.
The contemporary town is a mix of transformations, intentions, need of knowledge, opportunities and difficult challenges. Even if global/general planning should be the main reference for organic development, interventions based on... more
The contemporary town is a mix of transformations, intentions, need of knowledge, opportunities and difficult challenges. Even if global/general planning should be the main reference for organic development, interventions based on isolated intentions, occasional researches, specific investigations may bring positive and interesting contributions to the general debate and to the occasions of knowledge. In the recent years, with an ongoing growth, a digital layer is overlapping the various levels of the urbanscape. It exists "virtually" but with a more and more strong consistency in all the realities of the town. When William Gibson wrote "virtual space is where we are when we are at the telephone with someone else" he was maybe barely imaging how much the mobile communications and the Information Technology was going to transform the perception of the "real" world. In this context, the architect, the urbanist, the designer are called to operate, not as simple users, in which case they are at risk of losing a precious opportunity, but as promoters, members of the teams that should exploit the possibility offered by different tools, both on the front of gathering data, analyzing them, using to propose new solutions which hopefully will be tuned with the new reality. In the paper proposed here, a critical analysis about the Hardware tools that offer new possibility of knowledge and functioning in the middle of the digital revolution will be presented, reflecting on the new level of skills required for appropriate intervention on buildings and new urban assets. A specific taxonomy will be defined for the digital survey tools and the product they allow to generate (3d laser scanner, photogrammetry, Drone/UAV, diagnostic tools, sensors, personal devices for operators/users, etc...) as well as their state of implementation in the general architectural workflows.
Highlights: The "mosquito fleet" has a specific page in the WWI naval wars. Based on a specific ship, it is missing detailed documentation, the survey of the last one can highlight that episode. The digital survey of the Eothen has a... more
Highlights: The "mosquito fleet" has a specific page in the WWI naval wars. Based on a specific ship, it is missing detailed documentation, the survey of the last one can highlight that episode. The digital survey of the Eothen has a strategy aimed to allow the full documentation of the shipwreck in a very difficult environment, managing floods, mud, vegetation and reflections. The drawings and the 3D model, accessible from a free platform allow complete access to this ruined ship, a contribution to knowledge and a base for possible intervention hypothesis. Abstract: The research presented here puts together different direct and/or physical operations all aimed to enhance the knowledge and produce advanced dissemination of the very last ship from the "Mosquitos' Fleet" which operated during the World War I and in some operations even during the World War II. The exploration of the valuable remains along the Thames River in London, the intervention with archaeology strategy, the use of digital survey procedures, the investigation of the references about the fleet, the digital modelling and drawing and the final online sharing of the 3D model, brought together to a specific digital heritage creation of an element with a high risk of getting lost. An international team worked together on the poor shipwreck of the Eothen (the last name assigned to this ship by its last owner). The intervention was operated in very odd operative conditions, with the hull invaded by the mud, the very wet environment and the daily flood of the area, such a mix of difficult conditions were a special challenge for the survey operations, which were optimized and accurately planned to allow the best and efficient result in terms of coverage and level of details. The following post-processing aimed to the production of a classic set of 2D drawings and an interactive 3D model, accessible in a real-time visualization from the sketchfab.com platform creates an excellent base for a possible following restoration/musealisation intervention, or, at least, allow digital preservation of a rich dataset of the remains of this interesting piece from the naval history of the first half of the 20 th century. Resumen: La investigación que aquí se muestra reúne diferentes operaciones directas y/o físicas, todas orientadas a mejorar el conocimiento y producir una puesta en valor del último barco de la "Flota de Mosquitos" que operó durante la Primera Guerra Mundial y en algunas operaciones incluso durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Presentamos la exploración de los valiosos restos a lo largo del río Támesis en Londres, la intervención con estrategia arqueológica, el uso de procedimientos de levantamiento digital, la investigación de las referencias sobre la embarcación, el modelado y dibujo digital, y el intercambio final en línea del modelo 3D, reunidos en una aportación de patrimonio digital específico de un elemento con alto riesgo de perderse. Un equipo internacional , trabajaron juntos en el naufragio del Eothen (nombre asignado a este barco por su último propietario). La toma de datos se realizó en condiciones operativas muy complejas, con el casco invadido por el limo del rio, el entorno muy húmedo y la inundación diaria de la zona; esta mezcla de condiciones difíciles fueron un desafío especial para llevar a cabo las operaciones de levantamiento, las cuales fueron optimizadas con el objetivo de obtener el mejor y más eficiente resultado en términos de cobertura y nivel de detalle. El siguiente posprocesamiento estuvo dirigido a la obtención de un conjunto clásico de dibujos 2D, así como de un modelo 3D interactivo, accesible en una visualización en tiempo real desde la plataforma Sketchfab.com. Así se ha creado una base excelente para una posible intervención posterior de restauración/musealización, o, al menos, para obtener la RODRÍGUEZ-NAVARRO et al., 2021 Virtual Archaeology Review, 12(25): In Press, 2021 2 preservación digital de un rico conjunto de datos de los restos de esta interesante pieza de la historia naval, de la primera mitad del siglo XX.
In recent years, the study of the evolution of the appearance and conformation of cities over the centuries has found new forms of representation through the use of digital modelling and related immersive techniques. These technologies,... more
In recent years, the study of the evolution of the appearance and conformation of cities over the centuries has found new forms of representation through the use of digital modelling and related immersive techniques. These technologies, spread through the gaming industry, are now finding more and more space also in the world of archaeology and the rediscovery of cultural heritage to allow us to catapult ourselves into scenarios that belonged to the past. These investigation methods lend themselves remarkably well in the case of large urban places that no longer exist due to destructive events but of which there is a sufficient amount of documentation such as to be able to reconstruct its appearance with excellent detail and high reliability. This project aims to rebuild the city of Messina as it appeared in the eighteenth century before being razed to the ground by natural disasters.
Extended realities are often oriented in enhancing the perception of space, isolating the subject from the real environment and bringing the user to "anothe~e". In the "lmmaginario Bragadin" (imaginary BRAGADIN, n3,· flom "Marcantonio... more
Extended realities are often oriented in enhancing the perception of space, isolating the subject from the real environment and bringing the user to "anothe~e". In the "lmmaginario Bragadin" (imaginary BRAGADIN, n3,· flom "Marcantonio Bragadin", Venice 1523 - Famagosta 1571 , past marine captain) an incredible outside world and the "introvert" virtual environment meet to define a unique and origina l experience in the Venetian Laguna. From a collaboration between the Laboratories of the Dipartimento di Architettura, University of Florence (DIDALABS) and Lorenzo Parretti, artistic curator of the IB, a specific and itinerant exhibition was developed to offer people the experience of XR, while floating around one of the most fascinating landscape and built heritage place in the world.
The Street Art pieces have entered an advanced stage, after being generated in contexts of urban complexity and difficult social and cultural mixtures, they reached the value of the real artworks, demonstrating how the “skin” of the... more
The Street Art pieces have entered an advanced stage, after being generated in contexts of urban complexity and difficult social and cultural mixtures, they reached the value of the real artworks, demonstrating how the “skin” of the cityscape may influence the feelings both of the people living there and the ones visiting that neighbourhood. The contribution of Street Art in single buildings and urban regeneration is clear, it can be considered a key passage to any revitalization and gentrification process. In the last years, the use of Street Art in urban environments was quite common and, for its “nature”, it was strictly linked to the city. However, like any art in its “adult” phase, other possibilities and variables are now in their right moment for being explored and tested. In this particular time, in 2017, the Brazilian Artist Eduardo Kobra brought his art out of the cityscape and into a mix of the natural and industrial landscape, realizing a large mural depicting the Michelangelo’s David. It was realized on the front of a large marble cut in a white marble quarry above Carrara, Tuscany, Italy. In June 2017, at the end of the realization, full photogrammetry of the painting was made to document and create a digital version of the artwork to be easily disseminated. A specific scaled version of the mural was printed on marble to create a plate for exhibition in the city hall of Massa, one of the promoters of the event. The following paper will describe the conditions and events around this artistic operation and the technical procedures adopted in creating a digital versatile twin of the Kobra’s artwork.
and Conservation Contemporary photogrammetry, with the use of high-resolution sensors and correct shooting procedures, allows getting details far from the common level of perception of the human eye. This can be particularly useful in the... more
and Conservation Contemporary photogrammetry, with the use of high-resolution sensors and correct shooting procedures, allows getting details far from the common level of perception of the human eye. This can be particularly useful in the use of macro and micro details, but it can be extremely useful also in specific situations when even quite large elements are difficult to be read and interpreted. In the case of the walls with Graffiti in the Kyrenia Castle, Cyprus Island, where a set of representations showing ancient ports, harbours, ships and boats it was extremely difficult to be read in the actual lighting situation. This is also a case study where the lighting situation is not ideal and where some logistic issues have caused the missing of a proper portable set of lights. Thus, with specific solutions, taking care about the shooting technique using state of the art camera and lens (Nikon D800e and 60 mm F2.8 Micro Nikkor), it was possible to take a well-detailed set of images to be used in the creation of an ultra-detailed 3D model of a whole set of graffiti. From this, using 3D rendering and multimedia techniques a set of proper elements has been created for dissemination and teaching purposes, allowing to enhance the perception of these artworks in the waiting for a new and more advanced permanent lighting system. The presentation will bring all the technical data from this case study, the detailed description of the lesson learned, suggestions about how to enhance the results from such a survey campaign and the complete workflow from shooting to multimedia creation/exhibition.
Contemporary photogrammetry, with the use of high-resolution sensors and correct shooting procedures, allows getting details far from the common level of perception of the human eye. This can be particularly useful in the use of macro and... more
Contemporary photogrammetry, with the use of high-resolution sensors and correct shooting procedures, allows getting details far from the common level of perception of the human eye. This can be particularly useful in the use of macro and micro details, but it can be extremely useful also in specific situations when even quite large elements are difficult to be read and interpreted. Is this the case of the walls with Graffiti in the Kyrenia Castle, North Cyprus, where a set of representations showing ancient ports, harbors, ships and boats are extremely difficult to be read in the actual lighting situation. This is also a case study where the lighting situation is not ideal and where some logistic issues have caused the missing of a proper portable set of lights. Thus, with specific solutions, taking care about the shooting technique using state of the art camera and lens (Nikon D800e and 60mm F2.8 Micro Nikkor), it was possible to take a well-detailed set of images to be used in the creation of an ultra-detailed 3D model of a whole set of graffiti. From this, using 3D rendering and multimedia techniques a set of proper elements has been created for dissemination and teaching purposes, allowing to enhance the perception of these artworks in the waiting for a new and more advanced permanent lighting system. The presentation will bring all the technical data from this case study, the detailed description of the lesson learned, suggestions about how to enhance the results from such a survey campaign and the complete workflow from shooting to multimedia creation/exhibition.
This article concerns a case study from the north of Cyprus, a territory that is quite conflictive in terms of both the documentation and restoration of Cultural Heritage. Historical documentation, the study of masonry types and mortars,... more
This article concerns a case study from the north of Cyprus, a territory that is quite conflictive in terms of both the documentation and restoration of Cultural Heritage. Historical documentation, the study of masonry types and mortars, archival investigation, and architectural survey with support from advanced digital techniques was accompanied with on field research so as to obtain an unitary overview of the building. The documentation identified the various construction phases and this was used, together with the few documentary sources available, in order to reconstruct the complex history of the architectural structure, while establishing links with the local authorities, the UNDP and the Technical Committee for Cultural Heritage. The surveys were aimed at acquiring the necessary documentation, in a context that has not been much studied, so as to avoid neglectful management to put the historical memory of the monument at risk. The intervention on Cultural Heritage assets in Cyprus is more difficult than in other European countries, due to the complex political situation of the island: any intervention on the Built Heritage is, in fact, at risk of being contested politically. These early surveys and documentation are therefore intended as a first level of knowledge, useful for guiding future restoration and project choices, in addition to facilitating the interpretation of the various historical phases for this part of the island of Cyprus.

Il presente articolo ha come oggetto un caso studio nella parte Nord di Cipro, un territorio assai conflittuale per la documentazione e il restauro dei Beni Culturali. La documentazione storica, lo studio dei tipi murari e delle malte, le indagini archivistiche, il rilievo architettonico con tecniche digitali avanzate, si sono accompagnati sul campo, in modo da ricostituire un quadro unitario della fabbrica. La documentazione ha individuato le diverse fasi costruttive, da affiancare alle poche fonti documentali in modo da ricostruire la complessa storia del manufatto, ponendosi al tempo stesso in relazione con le autorità locali, l’UNDP e il Technical Committee for Cultural Heritage. I rilievi sono stati finalizzati ad acquisire la necessaria documentazione, in un contesto non affatto studiato, prima che una gestione disattenta metta a rischio la memoria storica del monumento. L’intervento sui Beni Culturali a Cipro, per la complessa situazione politica dell’isola, presenta difficoltà maggiori rispetto ad altri paesi Europei: l’intervento sul Patrimonio Costruito è spesso a rischio di essere contestato in chiave politica. La base di rilievo e documentazione si propone pertanto come primo livello di conoscenza, per guidare le future scelte di restauro e progetto, e può inoltre facilitare la lettura delle diverse fasi storiche di questa parte dell’isola di Cipro.
All the fortifications have their time. They respond to specific way of defending and attacking they change in time accordingly to the terrible habits of the weaponry and technology evolution. For a long time, from the age of the great... more
All the fortifications have their time. They respond to specific way of defending and attacking they change in time accordingly to the terrible habits of the weaponry and technology evolution. For a long time, from the age of the great fortifications, to the use of cannons, to the invention of the aerial war, the military built heritage have seen a long transformation made of sudden architectural changes, until the moment when the possibility of bombing and attacking from the sky signed the sunset of the large over ground buildings in favour of mimetic and underground structures. The “Valdilocchi Battery” belong to the last age of the large fortress, capable to resist to ground attack while showing the aspect of an inexpugnable stronghold. Sited on the top of a hill in the eastern part of the La Spezia gulf, this battery had the function of second line defense to control the neighboring valleys. The particular pentagonal plant and the state of excellent preservation, except for a part of collapse on the front of the gorge due to the German bombing, make it an artifact of great value.
When reading and interpreting an archaeological area, or an urban asset developed over an archaeological trace, all the remains, elements and evidence are seen according to the creation of the main idea developed in the mind of the... more
When reading and interpreting an archaeological area, or an urban asset developed over an archaeological trace, all the remains, elements and evidence are seen according to the creation of the main idea developed in the mind of the archaeologist, the architect, the cultural heritage expert. But what appears in present time for the reading is the result of a long series of events, of changes happened in time, each of them creating a layer or behaviour in the way people used that place. The results of all these stratification may produce difficulties in reading the real history of a place or may even cause misinterpretations from the people living in the nearby area (old and new, they are the so-called urban legends) or “sensational” interpretations supported by the will of building a news or promote personal theories. In the following paper, a series of archaeological, architectural and urban case studies will be analyzed. In between of them:the Ventotene Otium Villa from the Roman Age, the Rupestrian Settlements in Kapadokya, certain remains from the Roman ships of Pisa archaeological site, the façade of Palazzo Uguccioni in Firenze, the “legend” connected to certain military defensive tunnels taken for extremely long underground passages in various Towns. For each of these studies, some reflections will be done on the base of specific surveys and/or studies, in the try to define what creates the “artificial” story, and to show how specific investigations, like digital survey, thermal and geomagnetic investigations, or even simple reasonings may contribute to a correct interpretation and how, in a certain case, the popular “belief” cannot be beaten or changed by proper studies, no matter how weird it is.
The International Urban Design Workshop “Urban Façade: Istanbul waterfront” took place in March 23th-30st 2019 at the Faculty of Architecture and Design, Özyegˆin University, Istanbul. Organised by the authors in collaboration with... more
The International Urban Design Workshop “Urban Façade: Istanbul waterfront” took place in March 23th-30st 2019 at the Faculty of Architecture and Design, Özyegˆin University, Istanbul. Organised by the authors in collaboration with University of Parma, “Sapienza” University of Rome, University of Naples “Federico II”, DIDALABS, Department of Architecture, University of Florence, and the Università degli Studi “Mediterranea” of Reggio Calabria. The workshop focused on the architectural survey, analysis and redesign of selected urban blocks of Galata’s waterfront considering their ongoing transformation. Il workshop internazionale di progettazione urbana “Urban Facade: Istanbul waterfront” si è tenuto dal 23 al 30 marzo del 2019 presso la Facoltà di architettura e design dell’Università Özyegˆin a Istanbul. Organizzato dagli autori in collaborazione con l’Università di Parma, “Sapienza” Università di Roma, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, DIDALABS, Dipartimento di Architettura, Università di Firenze e l’Università “Mediterranea” di Reggio Calabria. Il workshop si è concentrato sul rilievo, l’analisi e la riprogettazione di alcuni isolati individuati sul lungomare di Galata, considerando la loro trasformazione in corso.
Contemporary photogrammetry, with the use of high-resolution sensors and correct shooting procedures, allows getting details far from the common level of perception of the human eye. This can be particularly useful in the use of macro and... more
Contemporary photogrammetry, with the use of high-resolution sensors and correct shooting procedures, allows getting details far from the common level of perception of the human eye. This can be particularly useful in the use of macro and micro details, but it can be extremely useful also in specific situations when even quite large elements are difficult to be read and interpreted. In the case of the walls with Graffiti in the Kyrenia Castle, Cyprus Island, where a set of representations showing ancient ports, harbours, ships and boats it was extremely difficult to be read in the actual lighting situation. This is also a case study where the lighting situation is not ideal and where some logistic issues have caused the missing of a proper portable set of lights. Thus, with specific solutions, taking care about the shooting technique using state of the art camera and lens (Nikon D800e and 60 mm F2.8 Micro Nikkor), it was possible to take a well-detailed set of images to be used in the creation of an ultra-detailed 3D model of a whole set of graffiti. From this, using 3D rendering and multimedia techniques a set of proper elements has been created for dissemination and teaching purposes, allowing to enhance the perception of these artworks in the waiting for a new and more advanced permanent lighting system. The presentation will bring all the technical data from this case study, the detailed description of the lesson learned, suggestions about how to enhance the results from such a survey campaign and the complete workflow from shooting to multimedia creation/exhibition.
Fragments, ruined architectures, parts of statues, all these elements have always exercised a strong fascination on humanity, evoking a close or far past and pushing the mind to imagine the piece original aspect and its surroundings,... more
Fragments, ruined architectures, parts of statues, all these elements have always exercised a strong fascination on humanity, evoking a close or far past and pushing the mind to imagine the piece original aspect and its surroundings, while creating a subtle melancholy which undoubtedly has a strong appeal on many people. At the same time, it is quite common to find the "puzzle" of ancient portions of monuments immersed in their same mystery, where they truly come from: which was their original asset? which series of events have caused such a destruction (and sometimes reconstruction)? Finding some correct answers is something quite difficult, because to read and to interpreter such elements is not easy at all. At the same time these artefacts are often at risk of rapid decay (being broken and damaged or exposed in the natural environment or not located according to their original destination), so they may deserve a proper documentation to preserve at least a (digital) copy. At the same time, their great suggestive potential may be a robust base to create communication about their art, history and context. In the case study proposed here, the Medusa's Heads in Istanbul, Turkey, are the starting point for an investigation and exploration about the original architectures to which these statues were destined. Using digital solutions for survey, interpreting and disseminating the characteristics and a (possible) story about these ancient artworks. The protome of Medusa at the centre of this case study are situated in Istanbul: two of them are quite well known and are inside the Basilica Cistern, while the third one (at all the effects a double head, but with the two heads not separated from the same stone block) is kept in the Istanbul Archaeological Museum. The Basilica Cistern, Yerebatan Sarnici in Turkish (which means "Cistern sinking into the ground"), was built in 535 AD by Justinian. The peculiarity of these heads stands in their position inside the Cistern, used as build materials in the basements of two columns. Meeting these fragments push the visitors to wonder about their real origin, because it is quite evident that in this case the "spolia in se" has become "spolia in re"(accordingly to the concept from Richard Brilliant). They missed the apotropaic symbolic function of the horrid that drives away the horrid, but takes on a pragmatic character, it is clearly an element not made specifically for the cistern but taken and reused. The figure of Medusa is known in the mythological world and is a character of material interest since it has been part of the artistic scenario from its first appearances in the 8th century BC, surviving, thanks to the strength of such a character, to the present days, getting many new shapes and interpretations. The tasks of this research are quite essential: getting a high-quality survey of the heads; using the digital model as the base for virtual analysis and reconstructions; creating virtual environments presenting the artworks as they are and inside the digital version of the reconstruction hypothesis. The survey was done in two separate occasions, in 2014 and 2017, using a high resolution professional camera (Nikon D800e) and processing the set of shots in SfM photogrammetry software. Taking simple direct measurements on the artworks allowed to put in scale the digital models. After a proper treatment, the digital models were used as a base for the study and development of various reconstruction hypothesis. All the results of this phase were uploaded to the Sketchfab.com platform, an excellent solution to publish, share and discover 3D, VR and AR contents. The Sketchfab features were then exploited to create a first virtual visit to the Gorgons, controlling 3D animation and activating the Virtual Reality mode to make the model viewable by Virtual Reality devices. To create a simulation of the "Basilica Cisterna" the choice was for Unreal Engine, a perfect solution for creating a virtual environment for immersive devices, like the Oculus Rift, to access the digital version of the Cisterna and to offer a format that can be reused in any museum context. Inside the simulation, with the use of QR codes, the visitor can access detailed documentation about the place and the Gorgons, even the models loaded on Sketchfab.com are accessible within the Cistern virtual space. The access to multimedia material, like 3D models, rendering in 360 panoramic mode and VR/AR contents, gives to the visitors the opportunity to gain a clear idea about the nature of the protome. In this contribution, the procedures, issues and solutions adopted to move from the reality to its virtualization and integration with reconstruction hypothesis will be presented in detail, with video and links to report the reached results.
"From spolia in se to spolia in re': What does the transformation underneath this sentence implies? !t is a transition from a simple building stone, an element originally used fora specific purpose, to a stone that after being cut and... more
"From spolia in se to spolia in re': What does the transformation underneath this sentence implies? !t is a transition from a simple building stone, an element originally used fora specific purpose, to a stone that after being cut and used in a built structure is removed for being used elsewhere. This "survival of the ancient" c an be seen from two di./ferent perspectives, o ne purely pragmatic: the reuse of the spolia as a usejùl element for a specific building, or on a more ideological level: the symbol of a glorious past witnessing values to be preserved. The reuse of the Ancient in the centre of the Roman Istanbul is a process that has left marks, clear but with an uncertain and open interpretation, traces rich in mythological depth but completely to be investigated in their architectural history. In the contribution proposed here, contemporary technologies of digitai survey, modeling and visualization for virtual!augmented reality will be used to investigate the protomes of Medusa located in the Basilica Cistern and formulate hypotheses about their formai and architectural changes.
Documenting large architectures with an accurate survey has recently become possible even with a limited budget. Digital survey tools based on both active and passive solutions, offers today versatile opportunities for the architectural... more
Documenting large architectures with an accurate survey has recently become possible even with a limited budget. Digital survey tools based on both active and passive solutions, offers today versatile opportunities for the architectural documentation, regardless of the building's dimension. This paper presents the poster, prepared for the CHNT conference, with an extract of Terrestrial and Aerial Photogrammetry and Terrestrial Lasergrammetry. This was used by academics in the context of the Kyrenia Castle in the Cyprus Island, a large medieval fortification organized in an almost square planimetry with a side of about 150 meters and walls height up to about 30 meters, gathering the occasion of a specific workshop (activated for one week in May 2018) and producing the first (partial) digital model of this large built heritage. Following the protocols and best practice in digital documentation of this kind of architectures-the coordinator group of the workshop in synergy with the management unit of the museum hosted in the castle-has brought on an articulated experience moving from the morphology of the castle, to its stratigraphy, to its exhibition aspects, to its restoration issues, to the production of multimedia contents for technical and/or general public access. In that poster it was presented the structure of the workshop, the structure of the survey, the interactions and integrations between different surveys, the system of tools, and the results coming out at first, from the on-field operations brought on by the students participating to the workshop and the following processing operated by technical expert operators; going on to the development of common digital bases to evolve the way of approach to these monumental structures. To present the complete workflow with samples the poster was enriched with QR-Code links to online resources has been made to be a useful base for sharing and discussing the whole set of activities completed on this subject.
In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to create safeguard measures in protecting masterpieces, art items, and large statues, from the uncontrollable event of an earthquake [Agbadian et al. 1988]. In this paper a... more
In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to create safeguard measures in protecting masterpieces, art items, and large statues, from the uncontrollable event of an earthquake [Agbadian et al. 1988]. In this paper a comprehensive analysis of a set of significant statues currently located in the Bargello Museum in Florence (Italy) is proposed. The work includes the geometrical survey of the object, until arriving to measure their seismic safety level. While the correct definition of the shape of the elements is fundamental in this processing, an attention will be given to the phase of the digital survey, here operated using photogrammetry based on Structure from Motion procedures. All the steps of the workflow will be analyzed and described in its main issues, lessons learned, new procedures. A set of different procedures will be compared, a brief method based on a 50 MP resolution camera with high quality optic and highly accurate modeling and its integration with direct measurements and/or 3D Laser Scanner Survey. The results of the procedures will be matched to the results of the simulation analysis, suggesting affordable approaches for any similar conditions about the interpretation of the state of safety of this important cultural heritage.
The Basilica Cistern, Yerebatan Sarnici in Turkish, is the largest of all the hundreds of ancient cisterns that rise below the city of Istanbul. In the NorthWest corner of the cistern, the bases of two columns reuse the carved blocks with... more
The Basilica Cistern, Yerebatan Sarnici in Turkish, is the largest of all the hundreds of ancient cisterns that rise below the city of Istanbul. In the NorthWest corner of the cistern, the bases of two columns reuse the carved blocks with the face of Medusa. The origin of the two heads is unknown; it is possible to say the same for a third (double) head located in the Archaeological Museum of Istanbul. These three/four heads of Medusa are masterpieces from the late Roman art. The research presented here starts from a digital photogrammetric study of this set of Medusa's heads, this allowed to obtain a 3D digital model to study its morphology and shapes, then the model has been collocated inside the 3D virtual reconstruction of the cistern to have an overall view. The assumption formulated here, with the cross referencing obtained during the research phase and digital photogrammetry, lead us to the idea that the heads may come from a Doric temple dedicated to Athena, in this specific case used as a metope, or from the triumphal arch dedicated to Constantine in Constantinople. The aim is therefore to bring back to life, using a process of virtual reconstruction, with contemporary technology, such as virtual reality, an architectural element from the past, through a virtual journey that traces the history of these stone giants, placing them in their hypothetical original context with augmented reality.
Which is the meaning of researching and working in the field of the digital survey at the beginning of the XXIth century? Are the scholars and professionals planning procedures and strategies or just producing an enormous amount of... more
Which is the meaning of researching and working in the field of the digital survey at the beginning of the XXIth century? Are the scholars and professionals planning procedures and strategies or just producing an enormous amount of digital data which destiny will be a colossal data loss? Starting from a reflection about “where we are” after 20 years of active digital survey for built heritage this article will try to trace some points about how to start and to plan digital survey intervention when the task is not merely professional and when the new survey bases are supposed to be used in a “liquid” context. From the massive machines and procedures of the XXth century, producing quite “light” amount of data, in the last two decades these tools passed to be lightweight in their hardware, while the amount of gathered data increased continuously, in what it seems an unstoppable process. But massive data gathering maybe it is not knowledge by itself and the information society, especially in its next evolutions, will need contents and versatile data to support and link our present to the heritage values. A specific reflection on the value of digital survey and procedures will be held here not in the pretention of finding a stable paradigm but in the will of stimulating the discussion in a field often tempted by simply technical solutions.
Istanbul has an extended story to tell, but sometimes the idea of its urban development seems frozen to some specific passages in time, while, on the contrary, such an urban context is subject to a continuous transformation of its tissue,... more
Istanbul has an extended story to tell, but sometimes the idea of its urban development seems frozen to some specific passages in time, while, on the contrary, such an urban context is subject to a continuous transformation of its tissue, changing functions, behaviours, rules. The built heritage keeps on being exploited and reused, dragged in the contemporary age with alterations, superfetation demolitions. The actions of the people living and using the neighbourhoods sometimes cause the decay of a structure into a poorly used facility, sometimes it acts changing decay into opportunity, keeping somehow alive the place. In the case of the waterfront of the Beyoglu quarter, the use of 3D laser scanner for urban documentation allowed to capture a 3D model usable for investigations and understanding, working as a first central node in the interpretation of the complexity of a difficult mix of commercial activities, past abandoned industrial blocks and heritage. This research describes the main passages and activities aimed at the definition of possible guidelines for urban regeneration while preserving intangible heritage values, recognized as a richness for the community itself.
Nowadays the urban tissue often presents mixed architectures, abandoned parts from a recent past, mostly former industrial buildings, near new saturation and developments. The city growth has included them after they lost their use, they... more
Nowadays the urban tissue often presents mixed architectures, abandoned parts from a recent past, mostly former industrial buildings, near new saturation and developments. The city growth has included them after they lost their use, they have still a strong appeal on the collective imagination. Recovering them is not necessarily a demolition and reconstruction operation while such an intervention is at risk about causing the loss of important urban aspects and characterizations. The historical or even “popular” beliefs about them can be something to implement and/or enhance the quality of urban areas, increasing the chances of a real reintegration into productive reuse. In this complex logic of interventions, the contemporary, “digital layer” may play a strategic role. In the use of this very contemporary solution, both industrial and archaeological heritage are interesting subjects, with very different declinations. From one side there is the need for mixing old peculiar aspects with new functions, with risk about missing the chance in being fully efficient in communication. On the other there is the new, almost intangible, possibility to overlay reality with onsite or online elements, creating “new realities” where anyone should find fascinating elements coming from usual places and/or discovering new information, learning about the value of a place. To better identify strategies and proposals three “operative clusters” will be defined to group the functions and tools for the architect/built heritage expert to operate. A set of case studies, selected while consistent, thus not “compromised by an excess of popularity”, will help to put in evidence aspects that can be useful contributions in defining intervention choices: the Montemartini Museum in Rome; industrial buildings from the Beyoğlu neighborhood in Istanbul; London King’s Cross intervention, the LocHal Library, in Tilburg, Netherlands, the industrial heritage forgiveness in Tirana, Albania.
For more than 45 years, Albania went through the toughest experience of communism among the Eastern Bloc countries. Ideology strongly influenced the urban character of cities, which underwent an intensive development during this period.... more
For more than 45 years, Albania went through the toughest experience of communism among the Eastern Bloc countries. Ideology strongly influenced the urban character of cities, which underwent an intensive development during this period. Although the city had to represent the power of the system, architecture, considering the poor economy, offered merely the basics. In the housing sector, industrialization and standardization resulted in the production of modest shelters with very low or no concerns about building quality, energy consumption and comfort. After the fall of the regime, the buildings and the city failed to meet the increasing demand for energy, comfort and better life standards. Under these circumstances, people took control of architecture and started to adapt their buildings by leaving remarkable traces that definitely altered the Albanian socialist cityscape. The article discusses the options for regaining the image of the city while pointing out the need for resilient and efficient models in architectural design and city planning.
Architects are used to being in relationships with museums and are accustomed to planning them and learning how to organise their specific structures. Inspiration can be found in museums, and sometimes the ideas of other architects can be... more
Architects are used to being in relationships with museums and are accustomed to planning them and learning how to organise their specific structures. Inspiration can be found in museums, and sometimes the ideas of other architects can be emulated. The rules and solutions usually adopted for museums are based on well-established procedures, with the design contribution guiding and organising the theoretical, pedagogical and scenographic aspects of the space. An architecture is created which is specific and pervasive, and ideas should be balanced between the meaning of this architecture and the valourisation of what we want to bring onto the scene. In this paper, the resonance and vision of the Montemartini Museum in Rome will be analysed as a reference to interpret how the special poetry of this building is generated and how certain parallels can be both a choice and an opportunity in terms of the design of future museums.
In these decades the seismic vulnerability of buildings has been widely investigated, and many different approaches have been developed for their preservation. Museums' collections, instead, achieved interest from research communities... more
In these decades the seismic vulnerability of buildings has been widely investigated, and many different approaches have been developed for their preservation. Museums' collections, instead, achieved interest from research communities only in the very last years. Artifacts are usually vulnerable to seismic excitations, since they can present irregular shape-not easy to be numerically represented-and fragile material. The need to check the seismic vulnerability of artifacts has induced the developments of new techniques aimed at representing their shape and mass distribution through not-invasive approaches, and at simulating their seismic response by means of numerical analyses. This work is aimed at developing a multidisciplinary analysis of an art good, where visual and computer technologies are adopted for the evaluation of its seismic safety. The selected case-study is the "Fontana di Sala Grande" by Bartolomeo Ammannati, currently located under the vaults of the National Museum of Bargello court, in Florence. The sculptures constituting the Fountain have been described through a laser scanner analysis, which has provided a three dimensional digital model. The set of data produced can be visualized in interactive modes, creating a sort of "new reality" showing the possible events according to earthquake phenomena, a kind of reality no one want to see getting real, but at the time useful to know for taking countermeasures. In this work, the 3D model has been adopted to perform a structural analysis aimed at checking the seismic response of the sculpture complex. The digital representation of the sculpture, indeed, has been the starting point to set the structural model to perform the seismic analysis. The seismic input assumed in the analysis has been found by implementing the seismic hazard of the area, according to the current Code classification, through a proper soil modeling, defined after the amplification factor distribution. The research has achieved a reliable evaluation of the seismic safety of the case-study; moreover, it has provided new digital materials, representing a valuable and important art good, which improve the current knowledge level, leading further studies and research to the cultural and scientific community.
The will to experiment architectural design processes on a virtual space is the main feature of this project; in this case the typology of museums has been adopted to investigate the potential of virtual reality on architectural... more
The will to experiment architectural design processes on a virtual space is the main feature of this project; in this case the typology of museums has been adopted to investigate the potential of virtual reality on architectural visualization. Its particle structure allows to host a multitude of different collections (3D digital arts, 3D model reconstructions…) and each one of them can be modified or increased during time thank to the flexibility and dynamic state of the museum. It could be seen as a "never-ending" project, or a continuously growing museum. In this contribution it will be presented the first collection prototype, created from the tridimensional reconstruction of some of, as they're called, visionary architectures: it's a selection of works, from 19th century to today, born "on paper" and never built. The aim of the first collection project is to experiment a different kind of approach in the field of historical "paper architectures", trying to increase their value and their suggestive nature and sharing it through the museum structure. Basically the project gives this works the third dimension and through augmented reality allows them to be explored as a building inside a virtual world in which they don't have to deal with technical issues, and in which creativity can take place as in their authors' mind.
Well known as one of the Seven Ancient World's Wonders, the Mausoleum built by Mausolus in Halicarnassus is one of the many lost masterpieces from the past. Its architectural and artistic high quality just left a large bounce of fragments... more
Well known as one of the Seven Ancient World's Wonders, the Mausoleum built by Mausolus in Halicarnassus is one of the many lost masterpieces from the past. Its architectural and artistic high quality just left a large bounce of fragments and ruins, leaving to all the scholars a rich subject for studies and to imagine possible reconstructions. In this ongoing research, a try of collecting the single parts and make some matching with other possible references is done starting from 3D digital modeling. Photogrammetry was used on a set of statues from the British Museum, for creating accurate 3D models, with a great attention in finding correspondences with other sculptures and features (faces, dresses, details) from other artworks from the same area. The use of the SfM/IM (to give it a very specific definition) [Guidi et al. 2015], commonly indicated as SfM/IM photogrammetry (tuned out again to be a great tool for rapid and accurate digitalization, all the models were then edited, simplified and uploaded to the Sketchfab platform to be a quick reference for all the participants to the research group, but also accessible to anyone for seeing and checking these interesting pieces from the past. Such an operation, starting from the statues trays to bring on some reflections about proportions, stiles and relationship with architecture to better understand and verify possible new reconstruction choices about this long lost architectural wonder.
Il seminario internazionale “Lettura e progetto del castello di Kyrenia” è uno dei risultati della collaborazione scientifica in corso tra la Girne American University (Dipartimento di Architettura degli Interni) con il Dipartimento di... more
Il seminario internazionale “Lettura e progetto del castello di Kyrenia” è uno dei risultati della collaborazione scientifica in corso tra la Girne American University (Dipartimento di Architettura degli Interni) con il Dipartimento di Architettura dell’Università di Firenze e il Dipartimento di Architettura degli İnterni della Özyeğin University. Il seminario si è svolto tra il 6 e il 13 maggio 2018, presso la Girne American University, a Cipro.

The workshop “Reading and Designing the Kyrenia Castle” is one the results of the ongoing scientific collaboration between Girne American University (Department of Interior Architecture), with the Department of Architecture of the University of Florence and the Department of Interior Architecture of Özyeğin University. The workshop took place between the 6th and the 13th of May 2018, at Girne American University, Cyprus.
H-BIM models are becoming an effective support for the protection and conservation of historical heritage artefacts. The application of these new digital tools arisen several issues regarding the semantic parsing method, often due the... more
H-BIM models are becoming an effective support for the protection and conservation of historical heritage artefacts. The application of these new digital tools arisen several issues regarding the semantic parsing method, often due the topologic relation that exist between architectural and structural elements.Moreover, the growing adoption of survey systems, often based on the achievement of a point clouds, arisen problems of converting this data into simplified BIM model version. The object of this essay is to show preliminary result of a methodology that, starting from consideration that derives from structural analysis, will allow to define the architectural element for the HBIM model. The method was applied for the case study of the Palace of Francesco I de Medici at the “Fortezza Vecchia” in Livorno
Livorno, in Tuscany represent the main harbor in this part of the Mediterranean coast. With the establishment of the Free Port, in 1676, the arrival of merchants was favored and the demand for warehouses, capable of accumulating goods in... more
Livorno, in Tuscany represent the main harbor in this part of the Mediterranean coast. With the establishment of the Free Port, in 1676, the arrival of merchants was favored and the demand for warehouses, capable of accumulating goods in the port of transit, increased considerably. For this reason, the system of fortifications was strengthened towards the sea and modernized by Cosimo III. Along with the modifications of the fortifications of the city, the project of a fort at the extremity of the “Molo di Cosimo” was also entrusted to the Grand-Ducal Architect Pier Maria Baldi in 1684. General Alessandro Dal Borro chose the design model and supervised the construction of the fort, which began in 1688 at the tip of the “Molo Cosimo”. The complex could control both the interior of the port and the open sea. The main function assigned by the authorities to this fortress was to bomb ships that intended to violate the neutrality declared in 1646, becoming, in fact, a peaceful observatory that, even in moments of tension, did not fire a shot to attack. Thus, it was equipped with an extended system of tunnels to allow the safe movement of people, ammunitions and cannons in case of a battle. This war machine is now in a quite complex state of abandon with a serious loss of architectural identity, mined by fragmented architectures growth all around the fortifications and with the galleries filled with the ruins remained around after the World War II bombings. In 2017-2018 for the first time after 70 years, the Port Authority of Livorno, operated the full removal of the ruins fitted in the galleries, allowing a complete digital survey of an architecture finally brought back to have a chance or revitalization. In this paper it will be presented the products of this research, showing the accurate and unedited representation of this long-lost fortress.
The Opera Punta Rossa fortification was built at the end of XIX century (1887) on the South of Caprera island (North Sardinia), when returned to thinking of La Maddalena archipelago as a strategic military centre, no longer determining in... more
The Opera Punta Rossa fortification was built at the end of XIX century (1887) on the South of Caprera island (North Sardinia), when returned to thinking of La Maddalena archipelago as a strategic military centre, no longer determining in relation to the only French border, but to the much larger chessboard of the Western Mediterranean. It is of singular interest not only for the functional parameters but, above all, for its imposing appearance with wide dimensions, and other many interesting technical-architectural aspects: laying modes of wall structural elements (i.e., for access portals, intrados of vaults, moldings, architraves, jambs, thresholds, cantons), use and working technics of the granite stone expertly molded for the thick masonry, characterized by the presence of loopholes and continuous modulation of materials with moldings and worked stone ashlars to highlight the wall surface. The geomaterials used are local rocks outcropping in the area of Opera Punta Rossa, belonging to the Paleozoic granitic pluton of Gallura and to the associated filonean bodies (Upper Permian - Carboniferous, between about 320 and 270 million years ago). In the fortification have been mainly used the "granite" rocks (substantially biotitic granites and granodiorites) and subordinately also the filonean rocks (especially for irregular ashlars) with variable colours and dacitic-rhyodacitic composition. Generally, the cornices and the openings were made with the lighter greyish granite facies. The stone elements were laid in place using lime or hydraulic / pozzolanic based mortars. Conglomerates and cement-based concretes were used for throwing pitches in even thicker castings. In some subsequent renovations, bricks were also used. The photographic and digital relief was carried out using laser scanner methodologies, which has allowed to define the conservation status of the Opera Punta Rossa complex, producing a 3D model of the current state of building.
Earthquakes represent huge risks for cultural heritage. Although there is a large literature about prevention on historical buildings, the seismic assessment on collections and exhibition designs is usually underestimated. “RESIMUS” long... more
Earthquakes represent huge risks for cultural heritage. Although there is a large literature about prevention on historical buildings, the seismic assessment on collections and exhibition designs is usually underestimated. “RESIMUS” long running project involves different knowledge and fields; its goal is to prevent seismic damages to museum collections and artifacts, combining both museographical solutions and anti-seismic methods. This contribution focuses on the “Fontana di Giunone”, designed in 1555 by Bartolomeo Ammannati and currently kept at the Museo Nazionale del Bargello. The museographical and historical researches have been combined with the seismic performance of the reconstructed Fountain. In this paper the first results provided by the seismic analysis of this artifact are shown. A 3D structural model has been set, based on the three dimensional digital model provided by an detailed laser scanner survey. An elastic dynamic analysis has been performed, by representing the seismic input through an ensemble of seven ground motions expressing the seismic hazard of the area. The analysis has provided the seismic response of the sculptures, evidencing its sensitivity to the dynamic properties of the considered ground motions.
In the Mediterranean area the relationships between people, architecture, art and urban settlements is an intricate mosaic. In this study the focus is set on the people who named themselves “Tabarkini” and on their settlements; the story... more
In the Mediterranean area the relationships between people, architecture, art and urban settlements is an intricate mosaic. In this study the focus is set on the people who named themselves “Tabarkini” and on their settlements; the story so far starts in the middle of the 15th Century when the people from the Genoa Republic had the control of the coast of North Africa, so as to obtain from the Tunisian Bey a privilege for fishing and for coral trade on the coast of Ras Ajebel. In the first half of the 16th Century the Spanish Crown began a military campaign in this area to hold back the Muslims. Tabarka, location considered of value for its richness in coral, became the "center" of the Christian-Muslim rivalry. Here Spain wanted to establish a strategic "border". In 1547 the first contract is signed between the Spanish monarch and Genoese families of Lomellini and Grimaldi. The agreement signed in 1560 allowed them to settle in the island for fishing and for coral trade. During the 17th Century, following an economic operation of the Lomellini Family, a large part of the people living in Pegli, near Genoa, migrated to the Tabarka Island on the Tunisian coast. They were sent there to work as coral fishers and they colonized that small island. In the following Century Tabarka became overpopulated while the coral reefs decreased. Moreover, the population began to have trouble with the pirate incursions and with the local Governor. In the middle of the 18th Century, King Carlo Emanuele III decided to offer them the opportunity to migrate to the southern part of Sardinia, to continue their work on a completely uninhabited island, called San Pietro.  The colonization of San Pietro was done in few years, and a new town, named Carloforte, was built according to the plan of the engineer La Vallée -the author, here, of one of the first “building programs” ever known in Europe-. But after a pirate attack a complex history of kidnapping and slavery followed, a large part of the population from Carloforte and Tabarka was kidnapped and enslaved by pirates to be sold on the Tunisian market. The town of Tabarka was destroyed. Part of the kidnapped people were set free by the efforts of various European countries, and between the end of the 18th Century and the beginning of the 19th Century, they came back from their slavery. Settling back in Carloforte and Calasetta (Sardinia) and in Nueva Tabarka (Spain). Behind the story of this people it’s possible to read a story of urban settlements: visiting today the town of Carloforte it comes out quite clear the impression to be in a town from the northern coast of Liguria more than on an island in front of the Sardinia Island. The towns from the “tabarkini” have preserved certain characteristics everywhere in the Mediterranean area, so that it is easy to feel the mood and the suggestions from each of the places touched by this migration, but it is difficult to identify the elements producing these sensations. A confrontation about the house typologies and the urban pattern is the way to face this investigation. To put in evidence which are the constants and the variables in these settlements and what makes these places what they are, trying to identify the way these settlements started, what kind of buildings were the core of the colonization. This research operates starting from a detailed survey and documentation campaign of the actual towns. The contemporary technologies based on laser scanner and digital imaging have been used to develop a rich archive of information and to start the analysis about these Mediterranean settlements, trying to read them according to the common ground of the people from Tabarka.
Contributo (ITA) che tratta delle vicende della ‘nazione tabarkina’ nel più ampio contesto del bacino del Mediterraneo. Dietro ai complessi avvenimenti che hanno indotto parte della popolazione di Pegli (Genova) a migrare sull’isola... more
Contributo (ITA) che tratta delle vicende della ‘nazione tabarkina’ nel più ampio contesto del bacino del Mediterraneo. Dietro ai complessi avvenimenti che hanno indotto parte della popolazione di Pegli (Genova) a migrare sull’isola tunisina di Tabarka, e da lì verso le isole di San Pietro e Sant’Antioco in Sardegna e l’Isla Plana di fronte ad Alicante, è possibile leggere l’evoluzione e la trasformazione dei tratti distintivi dell’insediamento urbano originario riproposti e reinterpretati nelle successive colonie mediterranee. Se da un punto di vista sociale e storico gli studi delle vicende tabarkine hanno permesso una completa comprensione delle dinamiche e delle modalità secondo le quali ha avuto luogo il progressivo trasferimento di uomini, conoscenza e cultura, la mancanza di un adeguato approfondimento in campo architettonico ed urbano ha reso fino ad oggi parziali i risultati di questa ricerca multidisciplinare. L’indagine svolta dall’unità di ricerca del Dipartimento di Architettura di Firenze in collaborazione con quella dell’Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de Valencia sugli insediamenti di Tabarka (Tunisia), Carloforte (isola di San Pietro), Calasetta (isola di Sant’Antioco) e Nueva Tabarca (Isla Plana) mediante l’impiego degli strumenti del disegno e del rilievo ha consentito di evidenziare le principali costanti e variabili di tale processo, inequivocabilmente impresse nella conformazione del tessuto urbano e nella tipologia edilizia ripetuta nei differenti centri urbani.
The archaeological patrimony in the Mediterranean area is one of the most intense manifestation of the will of the many societies populating this area since ancient times. It is a complex and articulated Cultural Heritage presenting... more
The archaeological patrimony in the Mediterranean area is one of the most intense manifestation of the will of the many societies populating this area since ancient times. It is a complex and articulated Cultural Heritage presenting difficult puzzles and impressive possibilities. This creates the need of an accurate comprehension of the subject of the reconstruction, of its connection and its context. In this journey to knowledge, “drawing” is the main guiding tool and operation, from the first sketches to the final virtual model it is the way to discover back the traces of the original plot, the thing to suggest possible solutions. Basing its considerations on twelve years of digital surveys and various tentative of digital reconstruction, this contribution will propose a discussion and to define a path for this kind of specific architectural procedures in the digital age.

Il patrimonio archeologico dell’area mediterranea è una delle manifestazioni più intense della volontà delle molte società che popolano questa zona fin dall’antichità. È un patrimonio culturale complesso e articolato che presenta enigmi difficili e possibilità impressionanti. Ciò crea la necessità di una comprensione accurata del soggetto della ricostruzione, delle sue connessioni e del suo contesto. In questo viaggio alla conoscenza, il “disegno” è il principale strumento di guida e operazione, dai primi schizzi al modello virtuale finale è il modo per scoprire le tracce della trama originale, la cosa per suggerire possibili soluzioni. Basando le sue considerazioni su dodici anni di indagini digitali e vari tentativi di ricostruzione digitale, questo contributo proporrà una discussione e definirà un percorso per questo tipo di procedure architettoniche specifiche nell’era digitale.
The “Fortezza Vecchia” (Old Fortress) in Livorno resumes many features of the fortified architecture realized in the Mediterranean in the Modern age, at the same time it has a significant stratification, with the clear sign of a... more
The “Fortezza Vecchia” (Old Fortress) in Livorno resumes many features of the fortified architecture realized in the Mediterranean in the Modern age, at the same time it has a significant stratification, with the clear sign of a continuous reuse, expansion and adaptation across time. Built from the XIV century it received main reconstructions and extension works from the XVI to the XX century. In early 2017 a complete digital survey (still ongoing at the time of this writing) has been started under the collaboration of Autorità Portuale di Livorno (Livorno Port Autority), Area3D S.l.r. and Dipartimento di Architettura, Firenze. The survey work has been planned using two 3D laser scanners with the implementation of topographical survey, terrestrial and areal (IUAV) photogrammetry. The paper proposed here will present the state of development of the data treatment and the specific methodology used to document such an important and large fortress.
This study shows the results of the digital and photographic surveys carried out on an architectural work of great importance: the Mausoleum of the Tonietti family, designed by Adolfo Coppedè, built on the island of Elba in Tuscany at the... more
This study shows the results of the digital and photographic surveys carried out on an architectural work of great importance: the Mausoleum of the Tonietti family, designed by Adolfo Coppedè, built on the island of Elba in Tuscany at the beginning of the 20th century. The current alarming conditions of the building invite us to reflect on the unpleasant but common fate of many buildings of the Liberty and Eclectic periods in Italy. With the evolution of rationalism of the architectural form and thus the gradual elimination of decorative elements from architectural objects, architectural research, and with it the observation and conservation of cultural heritage, has increasingly focused on the new rational style, omitting many examples of floral style equally deserving of attention. The alarming state of preservation of the Tonietti Mausoleum, combined with the total absence of conservation projects by local authorities, set the conditions for the dissolution of the work and the consequent loss of the cultural and territorial connotation that it created. Processing of the survey data and the collection of documentation are intended to create the basis for the comparison of the work's original state and its current form, determining the current conditions of decay. One may hope that this work can lead to a practical impulse to conservation of this cultural property designed by the youngest of the Coppedè brothers, while giving it due recognition for its inherent qualities and position in the history of architecture.
In the XXth century, a series of archaeological excavations brought to light the settlement named " Montecastrese, " a system of Medieval fortifications located on the top of a hill near the town of Camaiore, on the Tyrrhenian coast of... more
In the XXth century, a series of archaeological excavations brought to light the settlement named " Montecastrese, " a system of Medieval fortifications located on the top of a hill near the town of Camaiore, on the Tyrrhenian coast of Italy. The site had been abandoned for centuries before the archaeologists brought to light traces of the fortress and of the village, exploring the monumental ruins of the northern tower, still in place but consisting of ruins in two main areas. In the first half of the XIIIth century, the castle of Montecastrese was conquered and destroyed by the army of Lucca. At the time of its major development, the small fortress was organized around two main towers, with walls and houses. A quite extensive village was located on the southern side of the hill. In 2015, the municipality of Camaiore commissioned the Dipartimento di Architettura in Florence to make a complete digital survey of the area. The general survey plan was made using an aerial photogrammetric survey, a 3D laser scanner survey and terrestrial photogrammetry. The 3D modeling of all the lost parts, from the houses, to the defense walls, to the system of towers, was one of the focal points in this work, which used the modeling process from the survey and supported the reconstruction hypothesis with previous archaeological data. At the same time we matched the missing parts with similar architecture and took into account the defensive and offensive features of the medieval fortress. For the northern tower, a specific operation based on the use of 3D printed models was employed in order to settle the debate about the sequence of the tower's collapse. This was quite important to the digital reconstruction of the building, and the direct manipulation of a scaled model turned out to be a fundamental step for the completion of this part of the research.
Elba territory presents a dense network of forts and outposts created by the various dynasties and conquerors that ruled the Island through the centuries. This defensive apparatus was connected by ancient paths, routes and visual systems,... more
Elba territory presents a dense network of forts and outposts created by the various dynasties and conquerors that ruled the Island through the centuries. This defensive apparatus was connected by ancient paths, routes and visual systems, as it is possible to notice from the landscape, showing the various watch towers located on hills. The visibility among these archaeological evidences can still be observed as no changes has been made to their context. The most important fortresses are: Giove Fort, Volterraio Castle and St. Giovanni Tower, which are located on strategic areas to control the whole perimeter of the Island and of the Mediterranean Sea. They represent a potential visual line on heights, which all coastal fortification systems referred to. The use of digital tools, 3d laser scanner technologies and photogrammetric survey, make possible to understand the evolution of this military apparatus and the communication method between the Giove Fort and the other main outposts. The acquired data aim to a better knowledge of the Giove Fort and the role it played in the past. The final documentation can provide an improvement of the bibliography, promoting a kind of virtual tourism. By the use of multimedia applications and web sites, visitors can interact with digital and physical 3D-models of the archaeological complex, avoiding accessibility obstacles. The paper proposed here will show the description and the analysis of this documentation and dissemination project.
The topic presented in this paper is part of a wider research network about the Elban fortification system that last year has produced two works discussed during the Italian edition of the FortMED 2016. The research proposed this year has... more
The topic presented in this paper is part of a wider research network about the Elban fortification system that last year has produced two works discussed during the Italian edition of the FortMED 2016. The research proposed this year has the will to give the actual state of remains of the Fortress of Giove near Rio nell'Elba (Livorno, Italy). The fortress was built in 1459 from the Appiani family, at that time authority of the Elba Island. Initially it was rectangular shaped with a scarped wall and a dry moat all around its perimeter and a fortified tower with the entrance on the North façade. The fortress was destroyed first by the Ottoman pirate Dragut in 1533 and decisively from the Spanish governor of Porto Azzurro, Mouroy de Pinel. The aim of the digital survey, operated with a 3D Laser Scanner and a professional photographic equipment, is to have a complete coverage of the entire structure, without forgiving the masonry texture, useful to bring hypothesis about its original shape and eventual architectural changes. Also this study will contributed to complete the panoramic view of the Elban fortifications started in 2016 for initiative of the Architecture Department of the Florence University.
The system of the Cryptoporticus as a specific infrastructure between architecture and the ancient Roman road network. Il sistema dei Criptoportici di Villa Adriana come specifica infrastruttura tra l'architettura e l'antica rete... more
The system of the Cryptoporticus as a specific infrastructure between architecture and the ancient Roman road network.

Il sistema dei Criptoportici di Villa Adriana come specifica infrastruttura tra l'architettura e l'antica rete stradale romana.

And 71 more

22 giugno 2018 Ore 10.30 - Aula B107, Edificio Centrale Università Cattolica Nostra Signora del Buon Consiglio Prof. Gabriele Corsani - Università degli Studi di Firenze Intervengono Giuseppe De Luca Luca Di Figlia Giorgio Verdiani... more
22 giugno 2018 Ore 10.30 - Aula B107, Edificio Centrale Università Cattolica Nostra Signora del Buon Consiglio

Prof. Gabriele Corsani - Università degli Studi di Firenze

Intervengono

Giuseppe De Luca
Luca Di Figlia
Giorgio Verdiani
Anisa Qorri
Armand Vokshi
Gjergji Islami
PROGETTO RESIMUS - La valutazione della resilienza e del rischio
in un caso di rilevanza internazionale - Il Museo del Bargello, Firenze
18 Maggio 2018

Auditorium Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Firenze, via Folco Portinari, 5 Firenze
Research Interests:
Seminar 1: limiting the edge Saturday March 3rd, 2018, 10:00-13:00 Iowa State University, Rome center, library Piazza delle Cinque Scole 23, Rome, Italy Alessandro Camiz, Jaime Correa, Gjergji Islami, Paolo Pineschi, Tom Rankin,... more
Seminar 1: limiting the edge
Saturday March 3rd, 2018, 10:00-13:00

Iowa State University, Rome center, library

Piazza delle Cinque Scole 23, Rome, Italy

Alessandro Camiz, Jaime Correa, Gjergji Islami, Paolo Pineschi, Tom Rankin, Giorgio Verdiani

https://interruptedcity.wordpress.com/
Gli strumenti della rappresentazione digitale offrono oggi potenti soluzioni per integrare la ricerca sul patrimonio costruito in condizioni di danneggiamento, alterazione e scomparsa. La possibilità di visualizzare e comunicare i luoghi... more
Gli strumenti della rappresentazione digitale offrono oggi potenti soluzioni per integrare la ricerca sul patrimonio costruito in condizioni di danneggiamento, alterazione e scomparsa. La possibilità di visualizzare e comunicare i luoghi risulta quindi strategica per la diffusione al pubblico attraverso spazi virtuali e realtà amplificata, ma offre anche occasione di verifica delle congetture maturate nella ricerca. E richiede la condivisione di procedure comuni. Nell’intervento, una serie di casi di ricerca su ricostruzione e analisi del risultato su architetture condotte anche con supporto DIDALabs (Sistema Laboratori del Dipartimento di Architettura).
Programma Saluti ed apertura: Alessandro Ghinelli, Sindaco di Arezzo Andrea Sereni Presidente Camera di Commercio Arezzo Mauro Mariottini, Associazione Academo Alessandra Molinari (Università di Tor Vergata) I "misteri" e le scoperte... more
Programma

Saluti ed apertura:
Alessandro Ghinelli, Sindaco di Arezzo
Andrea Sereni Presidente Camera di Commercio Arezzo
Mauro Mariottini, Associazione Academo

Alessandra Molinari (Università di Tor Vergata)
I "misteri" e le scoperte del Duomo vecchio:
vecchie e nuove indagini archeologiche

S. Hay, S. Kay
Indagine georadar al Duomo vecchio di Arezzo

N. Giannini, F. Giovannini, P. Orecchioni
I risultati della campagna di scavo 2016

Giorgio Verdiani (Dipartimento di Architettura, Firenze)
Rilevare, immaginare e rappresentare il Colle del Pionta
Programma 14.30-15.00 registrazione dei partecipanti 15.00 Saluti: Virginia Rossini / Dipartimento Beni Culturali, Ordine Architetti PPC di Roma e Provincia Alma Rossi / Parco Regionale dell'Appia Antica Antonio Salvatori /... more
Programma

14.30-15.00 registrazione dei partecipanti

15.00 Saluti:
Virginia Rossini / Dipartimento Beni Culturali, Ordine Architetti PPC di Roma e Provincia

Alma Rossi / Parco Regionale dell'Appia Antica

Antonio Salvatori / Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche

Daniela Esposito  / Scuola di specializzazione in Beni Architettonici e del Paesaggio per lo studio ed il restauro dei monumenti, "Sapienza", Università di Roma

Giovanni Carbonara "Sapienza", Università di Roma

Coordina: Alessandro Camiz "Sapienza" Università di Roma

Intervengono:

Paolo Vitti "Sapienza", Università di Roma, Restauro architettonico a Cipro: il recupero di una memoria multi-culturale

Alessandro Camiz "Sapienza", Università di Roma, Storia e archeologia per il progetto di restauro: spolia e fasi costruttive del monastero di Acheiropoietos

Giorgio Verdiani Università degli Studi di Firenze, Il rilievo digitale per la conoscenza: il monastero di Acheiropoietos

Lucia Ferroglio "Sapienza", Università di Roma, Sperimentazione progettuale: progetto di ampliamento del monastero di Acheiropoietos

Simona Messina "Sapienza", Università di Roma  Studio per un giardino dei semplici nel monastero di Acheiropoietos

Segue dibattito
Research Interests:
Presentation of the Spanish Research Project DIGITAL SURVEY AND DoCUMENTATION OF THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND ARCHITECTURAL SITES UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE LIST Parallel event 18th ICOMOS General Assembly and Symposium on "Heritage and... more
Presentation of the Spanish Research Project

DIGITAL SURVEY AND DoCUMENTATION OF THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND ARCHITECTURAL SITES
UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE LIST
Parallel event
18th ICOMOS General Assembly and Symposium on "Heritage and Landscape as Human Values"
Rural depopulation is becoming a problem day by day. There are a lot of reasons, which are leading to a massive exodus from the countryside to the city, but all of them are strictly connected to the change that we’re carrying on from the... more
Rural depopulation is becoming a problem day by day. There are a lot of reasons, which are leading to a massive exodus from the countryside to the city, but all of them are strictly connected to the change that we’re carrying on from the economic and social points of view.
Depopulation is, first of all, a social issue, which is manifested by the abandonment of architectures, only one silent witness to the history of these places.
Firstly, this study wants to develop research, based on statistical data about Spanish and Andalusian situation, about the depopulation process of small villages; secondly, wish focus on mapping all of these entity dwells getting abandoned or yet abandoned in Granada’s territory. Among these, an analysis is performed about Tablate, developing a survey of all the village and the most important building, a tower, as a witness of the cultural heritage, too often forgotten, in these places.
The main aim of this study is the heritage valorization of Tablate, whose history, and so whose architectural importance, it’s completely unknown or fades into the background compared to others villages in the same area. Besides, it wants to encourage the requalification of abandoned villages, believing that the care and the reconstruction for the cultural heritage valorisation, in a durable and sustainable form, requires the restoration of historical buildings and, in the social field, an active population, aware of the heritage it has.
In the XX century, after being forgotten for centuries, a series of archaeological excavations have brought to light the settlement, named “Montecastrese”, a system of Medieval fortifications organized on the top of a hill near the town... more
In the XX century, after being forgotten for centuries, a series of archaeological excavations have brought to light the settlement, named “Montecastrese”, a system of Medieval fortifications organized on the top of a hill near the town of Camaiore, on the Tirreno sea, placed at the borders of the Lucca Province. The archaeologists brought back to light the traces of the fortress and of the village, exploring the monumental ruins of the northern tower, still in place and tumbled down in two main large parts. In the first half of the XIII century, the castle of Montecastrese was conquered and destroyed by the army of Lucca. At the time of its major development the small fortress was organized around two main towers, with walls and various houses. A quite extended village was placed on the southern side of the hill. In 2015 a new survey campaign brought contemporary technologies between these ruins. The municipality of Camaiore commissioned a complete digital survey to the Dipartimento di Architettura in Florence. The general survey plan has seen the use of aerial photogrammetric survey, 3D laser scanner survey and terrestrial photogrammetry. The large amount and the high quality of data allowed the definition of a perfect base to start studying and investigate the site to operate a digital reconstruction. The use of 3D modeling of all the lost parts, from the houses to the defense walls, to the system of towers was one of the focal point in this work, using the modeling process from the survey and supporting the reconstruction hypothesis with previous archaeological data, while matching the missing parts with similar architectures and the needs of the medieval defense/attack technics. For the northern tower a specific operation based on the use of 3D printed models was brought on to bring to an end the debate about the sequence of the fall of the tower, quite important to the digital reconstruction of this building, the direct manipulation of a scaled model turned out to be a fundamental step for the completion of this part of the research.

Relevance for the conference:
We bring a complete data processing, from digital survey to digital reconstruction, to the integration with the state of knowledge about the site and create a “final” version of the whole settlement for research and dissemination purposes.

Relevance for the session:
A case study were the authors themselves have followed all the operations, from the survey, to the data processing to a very specific use of 3D printing to allow reconstruction hypothesis.

Innovation:
Specific use of 3D printing for understanding and reconstruction, a selection of results are aimed to public presentation in the local museum rooms (using graphic and 3D physical models).

References:
GATTIGLIA, G. / ANICHINI, F. (2009): La Versilia nel Medioevo. Ricerche archeologiche in un’area buia della Toscana settentrionale, Atti del V Congresso Nazionale di Archeologia Medievale Foggia-Manfredonia 30.09-03.10 2009, Firenze 2009
GATTIGLIA, G. / TARANTINO, G. (2013):…loco ubi dicitur castello. Montecastrese e l’incastellamento in Versilia, in Archeologia Medievale XL
IL SACRO IN/FORME Rappresentare il senso del sacro tra sperimentazione e tradizione Opere pittoriche di Lir Tasho / Dipinti di soggetto maddalenico dal XVII° al XVIII° secolo. Proiezioni: Caravaggio - Dalla realtà al dipinto. Videoart a... more
IL SACRO IN/FORME
Rappresentare il senso del sacro tra sperimentazione e tradizione
Opere pittoriche di Lir Tasho / Dipinti di soggetto maddalenico dal XVII° al XVIII° secolo.
Proiezioni: Caravaggio - Dalla realtà al dipinto. Videoart a cura di Marcello Scalzo.
Un evento a cura di Giorgio Verdiani e Marcello Scalzo.
Università degli Studi di Firenze - Dipartimento di Architettura DIDA
Chiesa di Santa Verdiana - Plesso didattico di Santa Verdiana - Scuola di Architettura.
Piazza Ghiberti n. 27 - Firenze 50122
Inaugurazione il 1 Dicembre alle ore 16:30
Dal 2 al 4 Dicembre, orario di apertura 10.00-18.00
Ingresso libero
Research Interests:
Il battistero di Biella costituisce uno dei pochi esempi rimasti in Italia di battistero con impianto quadriconco. La sua costruzione è avvenuta in varie fasi a partire dal IX secolo, andando a stabilire le proprie fondazioni su di un... more
Il battistero di Biella costituisce uno dei pochi esempi rimasti in Italia di battistero con impianto quadriconco. La sua costruzione è avvenuta in varie fasi a partire dal IX secolo, andando a stabilire le proprie fondazioni su di un sepolcreto tardo-romano, tuttavia l’impostazione quadriconca è indubbiamente da attribuire ad una scelta progettuale originale. Si tratta di un edificio in cui è possibile riconoscere gli elementi tipici del romanico, con una massa muraria omogenea e costituita da ciottoli di pietra commisti e intervallati da parti in laterizio. Questo battistero è stato espressamente pensato per celebrare il battesimo secondo il rito ambrosiano e, come è naturale per questo tipo di realizzazione, gli elementi formali e la struttura architettonica si legano ad aspetti simbolici e necessità del rito. L’impianto a base quadrangolare si amplia in quattro corpi semi-cilindrici, separati dai quattro pilastri angolari che creano la base necessaria a sostenere il tiburio che estende la geometria dello spazio in una pianta ottagonale. Alcuni elementi oggi possono introdurre delle alterazioni sensibili rispetto all’impianto originale, come la cripta a croce greca realizzata nel 1791 con uno scavo al di sotto del piano di calpestio del battistero, oppure come l’introduzione di una lanterna con bifore sui quattro lati posizionata a chiudere l’oculo della copertura; la presenza di elementi di spoglio ha portato in passato a ipotizzare una derivazione dell’edificio da una costruzione precedente e più antica. Il suo assetto architettonico, la sua particolare scala e proporzione, lo rendono un elemento di forte suggestione, capace di trasmettere sia il rapporto tra arte romanica e forme precedenti, sia la persistenza di soluzioni espressive che proseguono tra il passato romano e le formule rinnovate del romanico. In tal senso, il rilievo e la documentazione del battistero di Biella -attuati con tecnologie speditive e contemporanee come la fotogrammetria digitale finalizzata a produrre modelli tridimensionali di alta qualità- permettono di creare modelli tridimensionali digitali di studio e analisi facilmente confrontabili con altri testimoni architettonici. Possono quindi costituire un importante riferimento i ruderi di una delle fasi “evolutive” del battistero di Lucca, rilevati con tecnologia 3D laser scanner e trattati al fine di meglio comprendere la forma originale di questo edificio, ma anche i ninfei romani, costituiti da quattro vasche semicircolari e potenzialmente in stretta relazioni con il senso dell’acqua fluens e della soluzione architettonica atta a gestirla e contenerla. Punto importante di reciproco scambio tra i modelli diventa quindi il rapporto di dimensionamento tra spessori murari e alzati, la gestione dello spazio, la soluzione di copertura e le suggestioni create da queste architetture. Appropriate tecniche di rilievo digitale e conseguenti trattamento del dato permettono di ottenere soluzioni di confronto e comparazione capaci a concretare e rendere più chiaro il rapporto tra idee, suggestioni e evidenze oggettive e verificarle al di fuori della scala, della condizione dell’edificio, della sua posizione architettonica. Il tutto al fine di riscoprire in forma contemporanea e di facile disseminazione, una particolare tipologia di edificio che ha mediato la formula prima orientale e poi romana del ninfeo per trasformarla in un edificio massivo e concreto capace di creare quelle condizioni di riconoscibilità e ripetibilità della struttura architettonica che fortemente hanno contribuito alla costituzione di un “paesaggio” romanico nella propria epoca e che a tutt'oggi costituiscono uno spunto ed uno stimolo di grande suggestione per il ricercatore e lo studioso.
Research Interests:
IL RILIEVO DIGITALE DELLE ARCHITETTURE RUPESTRI, NOTE SULLE OPERAZIONI DI PRESA E DI RESTITUZIONE La documentazione degli spazi rupestri è sempre stata una sfida significativa per ogni rilevatore. Le condizioni di accessibilità spesso... more
IL RILIEVO DIGITALE DELLE ARCHITETTURE RUPESTRI, NOTE SULLE OPERAZIONI DI PRESA E DI RESTITUZIONE

La documentazione degli spazi rupestri è sempre stata una sfida significativa per ogni rilevatore. Le condizioni di accessibilità spesso inagevoli, le forme complesse della modellazione sottrattiva, la ricchezza di alcuni dettagli, hanno sempre reso impegnativo e complesso lo studio di procedure che risultassero efficaci al fine di creare una  rappresentazione chiara del manufatto rilevato. Il rilievo di questo genere di architettura, la costruzione di un archivio certo e completo delle architetture rupestri costituisce un’operazione di grande importanza, vista la grande estensione nell’area mediterranea della presenza di queste opere. Un patrimonio pregevole, ma soggetto ad un forte e irreversibile degrado, il più delle volte legato all’abbandono. Le procedure contemporanee, basate su tecnologie digitali di grande efficacia, hanno posto gli studiosi del rupestre nella condizione di poter finalmente catturare l’aspetto completo anche delle forme più complesse. Tuttavia l’apporto tecnologico, attuato con superficialità e mancanza di criteri scientifici pone seriamente nel rischio di attuare operazioni di rilevamento inadeguate e manchevoli dal punto di vista della completezza e della corretta documentazione. L’intervento qui proposto vuole condurre una disamina dello stato dell’arte delle strumentazioni hardware e software per l’intervento sulle tematiche rupestri e presentare lo schema di una processo allo stato dell’arte delle possibilità, attuabile con operazioni agevoli e finalizzato a produrre modelli digitali tridimensionali di facile gestione, capaci di garantire il dato acquisito e prodotto da fenomeni di obsolescenza che possono risultare più rapidi dello stesso degrado delle pietre tufacee.


THE DIGITAL SURVEY OF THE RUPESTRIAN ARCHITECTURES, SOME NOTES ON THE MEASURING AND MODELLING PHASES

The documentation of the rupestrian monuments has always been a great challenge for any serious surveyor. The often hard access conditions, the complex shapes of the subtractive modeling, the richness of certain details, have always made difficult and articulated the study of procedures. The main need: developing solution capable to offer a complete effectiveness in the task of creating a complete representation of such architectures. The survey of these architectures, the building of an accurate and correct database about the rupestrian human made (or altered) places, is an important, meaningful operation, this because of its large extension in the Mediterranean area and because of the risk for these suggestive artworks to decay and get lost. The nature of their same material and  the abandon may cause a meaningful lost in a short time, and documentation is the first way to protect the memory of these places. The contemporary survey technologies allow to face this problem and solve it with an effective and affordable process, while now a day it is possible to capture the whole complexity of these spaces with a massive approach. But, at the same time, a erroneous approach may cause the collection of wrong and not that meaningful data, creating a mistake between quantity and quality. The purpose of this paper is to examine the “state of the art” about hardware and software digital survey tools for rupestrian monuments and to propose a working workflow from the data gathering to the post processing, to the preservation of the dataset, a process aimed to create and preserve information from obsolescence to avoid their loss in a time shorter than the tuff decay.
Now a day the tools for documentation and survey are more powerful than ever, laser scanner surveys, high resolution digital photography, diagnostic readings, powerful tools for the representation, interactive three dimensional... more
Now a day the tools for documentation and survey are more powerful than ever, laser scanner surveys, high resolution digital photography, diagnostic readings, powerful tools for the representation, interactive three dimensional developments suitable for different needs… all this gives a great series of opportunities and at the same time it creates a great challenge for any scholars. One of the main complex environments is the one about the graphical representation and the development of versatile 3D digital models capable to fill the gap between the data representation -as it is coming straight from the laser scanner survey- and the need to have a 3D digital model more close to the direct perception of the real. In facts it is well known that the raw data directly gathered during a survey campaign offers the best correspondence between the real geometrical shape of an architecture piece or of an archaeological monument and its representation, but at the same time these data appear quite far from the perception of the real.
Starting from the digital survey of some meaningful archaeological monuments in the Hadrian’s Villa in Tivoli, near Rome, we have developed and applied a series of workflows aimed to produce a high quality representation result without loosing accuracy and with the full exploiting of the original high quality surveys. This is done mixing an approach based on the laser scanner digital survey with the use of image based processing: the appliance of advanced tools and procedures previously developed for video gaming allows exploiting the original complexity of the gathered data to enhance the simplified version of the distribution models. At the same time, our accurate study about the use of texture mapping put in evidence certain solutions to avoid low quality in realistic rendering which are still frequent situations in laser scanner survey result. The purpose of this presentation is to show how our procedures work and the possibilities of their applications in the Cultural Heritage environment.
Presentazione dello stato dei rilievi digitali condotti dal Dipartimento di Progettazione dell'Architettura, Firenze, al settembre 2007. Presentazione condotta nell'ambito del Premio Piranesi 2007.
Orario di revisione per esame Disegno Automatico, Disegno dell'Architettura, Tecniche Avanzate di Rappresentazione, Advanced Tool of Representation, SEMINARIO TEMATICO Comunicare l'Architettura e il Design : Tutti i Giovedì ore... more
Orario di revisione per esame Disegno Automatico, Disegno dell'Architettura, Tecniche Avanzate di Rappresentazione, Advanced Tool of Representation, SEMINARIO TEMATICO Comunicare l'Architettura e il Design :

Tutti i Giovedì ore 15.00-18.30 presso cella 306 Santa Teresa, Via della Mattonaia, 8 (chiusura liste revisione ore 17.00).

****
A SEGUITO DELLE DIRETTIVE DEL GOVERNO E DELL'ATENEO FIORENTINO, LE REVISIONI E GLI ESAMI SONO SOSPESI FINO A DATA DA DEFINIRSI.
PER REVISIONI TESI e REVISIONI ESAMI:
SCRIVERE EMAIL A giorgio.verdiani@unifi.it 
PER ESAMI VEDI DOCUMENTO PDF A UNO DEI SEGUENTI LINK:

https://drive.google.com/open?id=1Ed_ExpNpyrIhfvdivJ0EoJvCNKhDopJa 

https://www.dropbox.com/s/umvfikl0hrimpty/modalit%C3%A0%20esame%20DdA_GV%20online_09_04_2020.pdf?dl=0 
****

IN MERITO ALLA SITUAZIONE CORRENTE, VEDI:
https://www.unifi.it/art-4652-coronavirus-misure-urgenti.html
****

Circa il calendario degli esami e la loro modalità (DISEGNO DELL'ARCHITETTURA): Le prove grafiche ex tempore possono essere sostenute in occasione di una qualunque data d'esame (e solo in quella data), le modalità d'esame sono descritte nel programma del corso. Se la prova viene superata positivamente, questa rimane valida fino e no oltre la data di appello successiva. L'insieme delle tavole richieste per l'esame, come da programma specifico dell'anno accademico in cui si è seguito, può essere consegnato e discusso, completando il proprio esame, in un qualunque giorno di revisione per esami.

Gli studenti iscritti al primo anno nell'anno accademico 2019-2020 possono sostenere l'esame solo a partire dalla sessione d'esami di febbraio 2020.

Calendario prossimi ESAMI (unico per tutti i corsi a me assegnati:

Sessione / appello / data / ora /sede / aula

Autunnale / primo / 19/09/2019 / 9.00 / S.Teresa / Cella 3.06
Invernale / primo / 16/01/2020 /15.00/ S.Teresa/ Cella 3.06
Invernale / secondo / 17/02/2020 / 09.00/ S.Teresa/ Aula 401
Straordinaria / 09/04/2020 / 9.00/ ONLINE
Estiva / primo / 04/06/2020 / 9.00/ S.Teresa/ Cella 3.06
Estiva / secondo / 09/07/2020 / 9.00/ S.Teresa/ Cella 3.06

La cella 3.06 nel plesso didattico di Santa Teresa, via della Mattonaia 8, si trova al terzo livello, per raggiungerla, entrare dall'accesso di via della mattonaia, 8, superare il primo gruppo ascensori, girare a sinistra nel corridoio passante di fronte ufficio Tutor/vano macchine distributrici, superato il primo blocco delle, girare nel corridoio di destra e accedere all'ascensore (unico presente in questo settore della sede), dall'ascensore salire al piano 3, uscire a sinistra, entrare nel ballatoio a destra e seguirlo fino all'ultima cella.

*** *** ***

Orario di revisione per Tesi di Laurea in Architettura (Quinquennale, Triennale e Biennale specialistica):

****
A SEGUITO DELLE DIRETTIVE DEL GOVERNO E DELL'ATENEO FIORENTINO, LE REVISIONI E GLI ESAMI SONO SOSPESI FINO A DATA DA DEFINIRSI.
PER REVISIONI TESI e REVISIONI ESAMI:
SCRIVERE EMAIL A giorgio.verdiani@unifi.it 
PER ESAMI VEDI DOCUMENTO PDF A UNO DEI SEGUENTI LINK:

https://drive.google.com/open?id=1Ed_ExpNpyrIhfvdivJ0EoJvCNKhDopJa 

https://www.dropbox.com/s/umvfikl0hrimpty/modalit%C3%A0%20esame%20DdA_GV%20online_09_04_2020.pdf?dl=0 
****

IN MERITO ALLA SITUAZIONE CORRENTE, VEDI:
https://www.unifi.it/art-4652-coronavirus-misure-urgenti.html

Al fine di favorire l'avvio di Tesi di Laurea compatibili con le mie linee di ricerca anche in un momento in cui risulta molto difficoltoso pianificare interventi di rilievo e di documentazione in esterni, è disponibile una lista di temi "compilativi" per l'uso diretto o da tenere a riferimento per formulare una proposta attuabile:
https://www.dropbox.com/s/m8legfjkxsx07vk/temi%20tesi%20compilative.pdf?dl=0
****
Giovedì 19 Marzo ore 10.00-14.00 - cella 3.06
Martedì 24 Marzo ore 15.00- 19.00 - cella 3.06
Martedì 31 Marzo ore 10.00 - 14.00 cella 3.06

La cella 3.06 nel plesso didattico di Santa Teresa, via della Mattonaia 8, si trova al terzo livello, per raggiungerla, entrare dall'accesso di via della mattonaia, 8, superare il primo gruppo ascensori, girare a sinistra nel corridoio passante di fronte ufficio Tutor/vano macchine distributrici, superato il primo blocco delle, girare nel corridoio di destra e accedere all'ascensore (unico presente in questo settore della sede), dall'ascensore salire al piano 3, uscire a sinistra, entrare nel ballatoio a destra e seguirlo fino all'ultima cella.

Si fa presente che le revisioni proseguono fino a conclusione della lista, nel caso l'elenco dei presenti venga completato prima dell'orario previsto per le revisioni, può capitare che queste vengano ritenute concluse per la giornata. Si consiglia quindi l'iscrizione in lista entro un orario tale da permettere una gestione pratica della giornata. Si consiglia di avvisare con una email e con almeno un giorno di preavviso nel caso di arrivi in ora prossima alla chiusura dell'orario di revisione.

Per Tesi ed esami "in cerca" del Logo dell'Ateneo aggiornato:
https://www.dropbox.com/s/r710xcnafm1tt84/Salomone_2013.zip?dl=0

Circa l'attivazione di nuove Tesi di laurea, si fa presente che, saranno prese in carico ESCLUSIVAMENTE tesi di laurea pertinenti le tematiche di rilievo/multimedia/rappresentazione/Beni Culturali pertinenti i miei filoni di ricerca. Tutti gli interessati sono pregati di inviare una email di presentazione e illustrare le proprie richieste/proposte di tema.

***

Tutti gli allievi e i laureandi sono pregati di ATTENERSI a questo calendario, eventuali presenze in orari impropri (laureandi in orario revisioni d'esame e studenti in orario revisioni tesi di laurea) saranno portati in coda alla lista e ricevuti a revisioni ultimate (e comunque non oltre l'orario previsto).

***
Le revisioni si tengono a cura del docente e degli assistenti dei corsi, la lista delle revisioni viene compilata sul posto il giorno stesso delle revisioni a cura degli allievi. Gli allievi del corso di Disegno Automatico e di Tecniche Avanzate di Rappresentazione per agevolare la gestione della lista possono aggiungere il nome del software con cui stanno sviluppando il tema d'esame accanto al proprio nome. 

***

Nota per l'esame di "DISEGNO AUTOMATICO"
Tutti gli studenti iscritti, o che semplicemente hanno prima della sua chiusura, l'esame di Disegno Automatico nel proprio piano di studi, devono aver ben presente che:

l'esame proseguirà i propri appelli e revisioni fino all'esaurimento di tutti gli allievi che lo hanno in piano di studi, gli appelli verranno attivati all'incirca mensilmente.
l'esame NON ha tenuto corso nell'anno accademico 2012-2013, di consegunza NON possono essere svolti esami da quell'anno di corso, tutti gli esami sostenuti a partire dall'anno accademico 2012-2013 verranno registrati come "anno accademico precedente" eventuali incongruenze con il piano di studi dovranno essere risolte preliminarmente presso la segreteria studenti. Non è prevista la possibilità di sostenere l'esame per allievi che lo hanno incluso in piano di studi dopo il 2012-2013.
Research Interests:
Programma del Corso di Disegno dell'Architettura, Dipartimento di Architettura, corso di Laurea in Architettura, Quinquennale, Anno Accademico 2017-2018. prof. Giorgio Verdiani
Research Interests:
Programma del Corso di Disegno dell'Architettura, Dipartimento di Architettura, corso di Laurea in Architettura, Quinquennale, Anno Accademico 2016-2017. prof. Giorgio Verdiani
Research Interests:
Programma del Corso di Disegno dell'Architettura, corso B, Anno Accademico 2015-2016, prof. Giorgio Verdiani
DIPARTIMENTO DI ARCHITETTURA, FIRENZE
CORSO DI LAUREA IN ARCHITETTURA Quinquennale a ciclo unico
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
ATTENZIONE: Il corso di Disegno Automatico (e nella stessa maniera quelli di Tecniche Avanzate di Rappresentazione) ha tenuto la sua ultima edizione nell'anno accademico 2011-2012, NON è più possibile introdurlo nel piano di studi in anni... more
ATTENZIONE: Il corso di Disegno Automatico (e nella stessa maniera quelli di Tecniche Avanzate di Rappresentazione) ha tenuto la sua ultima edizione nell'anno accademico 2011-2012, NON è più possibile introdurlo nel piano di studi in anni successivi a questo. Allievi con l'esame inserito in anni successivi a questo saranno ritenuti NON IDONEI all'esame non avendo avuto modo di seguire le attività del corso.
Riflessioni sulla Peer Review, testo in Italiano da un originale di Paul J. du Plessis

Original English paper here:
https://www.academia.edu/21680323/The_Ten_Principles_of_Peer_Review
Research Interests:
The Medusa's Heads project is a research from the Dipartimento di Architettura University of Florence, Italy It is developed inside the DIDALABS System under the coordination of Giorgio Verdiani The survey group (2014): Giorgio... more
The Medusa's Heads project
is a research from the Dipartimento di Architettura
University of Florence, Italy

It is developed inside the DIDALABS System under the coordination of Giorgio Verdiani

The survey group (2014): Giorgio Verdiani, Stefano Columbu, Andrea Pasquali, Tatiana Pignatale, Andrea Leonardi

The survey group (2017): Giorgio Verdiani, Andrea Pasquali, Ylenia Ricci

Photogrammetry processing and graphic development: Giorgio Verdiani, Andrea Pasquali, Ylenia Ricci

Graphic post processing: Andrea Pasquali and Ylenia Ricci

The authors want to greet Seda Sakar and Serkan Gokalp for their valuable support to the photogrammetry survey at the Istanbul Archeological Museum and Zeynep Ceylanli and Pelin Arslan for their kind indications and translations.

Music: Ombra Mai Fu, Georg Friederich Handel, interpreted by Cécilia Bartoli

The 3D models of this project can be viewed in www.sketchfab.com, direct link:

https://sketchfab.com/g.verdiani_DIDA/collections/medusas-heads-in-istanbul

*************************************************************
Il progetto "Medusa's Heads" è una ricerca del Dipartimento di Architettura Università di Firenze, Italia

È sviluppato all'interno del Sistema DIDALABS sotto il coordinamento del prof. Giorgio Verdiani

Il gruppo di indagine (2014): Giorgio Verdiani, Stefano Columbu, Andrea Pasquali, Tatiana Pignatale, Andrea Leonardi

Il gruppo di indagine (2017): Giorgio Verdiani, Andrea Pasquali, Ylenia Ricci

Elaborazione fotogrammetria e sviluppo grafico: Giorgio Verdiani, Andrea Pasquali, Ylenia Ricci

Post processing grafico: Andrea Pasquali e Ylenia Ricci

Gli autori desiderano ringraziare Seda Sakar e Serkan Gokalp per il loro prezioso supporto al rilievo fotogrammetrico presso il Museo Archeologico di Istanbul e Zeynep Ceylanli e Pelin Arslan per le loro utili indicazioni e traduzioni.

Musica: Ombra Mai Fu, Georg Friederich Handel, interpretato da Cécilia Bartoli

I modelli 3D di questo progetto possono essere visualizzati in www.sketchfab.com, link diretto:

https://sketchfab.com/g.verdiani_DIDA/collections/medusas-heads-in-istanbul
The St. Donato Cathedral in Arezzo, digital reconstruction of a completely lost architecture Mirco Pucci, Giorgio Verdiani, Mauro Mariottini 3D modelling tools allow to reconstruct what is not clear to the eyes. This simple and short... more
The St. Donato Cathedral in Arezzo, digital reconstruction of a completely lost architecture

Mirco Pucci, Giorgio Verdiani, Mauro Mariottini

3D modelling tools allow to reconstruct what is not clear to the eyes. This simple and short phrase is quite obvious, but when it meets lost architectures it becomes the key vault of a complex puzzle made of evidences, knowledge, reading strategies and later communication strategies. In the research presented here, the case study of the St. Donato Cathedral in Arezzo, becomes the occasion for analysing a full digital reconstruction process, its adaptation to virtual interactive usage and how this process can bring back useful information on the ruins that today are the last traces of its existence. The St. Donato Cathedral was the core of an ancient and independent citadel out of the Arezzo’s walls. A settlement developed starting from the VIII century over previous Etrurian and Roman remains. It has been completely demolished in the XVI century for its political misalignment in front of the Cosimo de Medici’s domination strategies. Only few remains of the citadel plot are now visible in place. Significant traces of this cathedral walls were never be found during the archaeological investigations, but a various set of representations documents its main aspects. These representations go from very detailed and pictorial images to schematic sculpted items, to plan drawing. Using an accurate and articulated digital reconstruction project a complete 3D digital model is produced out of all the possible traces. The process will be described in all its key passages, from the digital survey of the area, to the definition of architectural elements. An interactive model of the cathedral will be presented in first release. Beyond the common features for this kind of models it will have two specific peculiarities: the indication of the level of liability of each part and the system of references used to guide the process.   

Keywords: Reconstruction; Cathedral; Lost building; Digital survey; Digital modeling
Research Interests:
L'installazione del corso di "Disegno dell'Architettura", prof, Giorgio Verdiani, Anno Accademico 2012-2013, realizzata in occasione del Bicycle Film Festival, Settembre 2013 Firenze. Elaborati degli allievi del corso, installazione... more
L'installazione del corso di "Disegno dell'Architettura", prof, Giorgio Verdiani, Anno Accademico 2012-2013, realizzata in occasione del Bicycle Film Festival, Settembre 2013 Firenze.

Elaborati degli allievi del corso, installazione realizzata da Andrea Pasquali e Valentina Fantini

In collaborazione con CICLICA
Research Interests:
A performance based on an idea by Leonardo Chiesi, Paolo Costa and Fabio Ciannavella, done during the workshop "New rules for ancient abandoned places" in the spring 2012. Facoltà di Architettura. Salvitelle, Irpinia, Italy. The idea... more
A performance based on an idea by Leonardo Chiesi, Paolo Costa and Fabio Ciannavella, done during the workshop "New rules for ancient abandoned places" in the spring 2012. Facoltà di Architettura. Salvitelle, Irpinia, Italy.

The idea is based on the transformation produced over certain temporary (but now permanent) building by a "simple" change in the color.

A performance based on an idea by: Fabio Ciannavella, Leonardo Chiesi, Paolo Costa.
Shooting and video editing: Andrea Pasquali and Giorgio Verdiani
A performance by Fabio Ciaravella, done during the workshop "New rules for ancient abandoned places" in the spring 2012. Facoltà di Architettura. Salvitelle, Irpinia, Italy. The idea is based on the fact that all the benches in... more
A performance by Fabio Ciaravella, done during the workshop "New rules for ancient abandoned places" in the spring 2012. Facoltà di Architettura. Salvitelle, Irpinia, Italy.

The idea is based on the fact that all the benches in Salvitelle are turned toward the building, none of them look at the landscape, so the performace create the condition to make a bench changing direction and color. In this first video, there is the rotating phase.

A performance by: Fabio Ciaravella
Shooting and video editing: Giorgio Verdiani"
A performance by Fabio Ciannavella, done during the workshop "New rules for ancient abandoned places" in the spring 2012. Facoltà di Architettura. Salvitelle, Irpinia, Italy. The idea is based on the fact that all the benches in... more
A performance by Fabio Ciannavella, done during the workshop "New rules for ancient abandoned places" in the spring 2012. Facoltà di Architettura. Salvitelle, Irpinia, Italy.

The idea is based on the fact that all the benches in Salvitelle are turned toward the building, none of them look at the landscape, so the performance create the condition to make a bench changing direction and color. In this second video, there is the painting phase.

A performance by: Fabio Ciannavella
Shooting and video editing: Giorgio Verdiani and Andrea Pasquali
Poster for the "Construire face au risque naturel dansles sociétés anciennes" Conference, Naples, 6-7 September 2019, Centre Jean Bérard Italian Abstract: Il 62 d.C. è l’anno che segna l’inizio di un periodo caratterizzato da una... more
Poster for the "Construire face au risque naturel dansles sociétés anciennes" Conference,

Naples, 6-7 September 2019, Centre Jean Bérard

Italian Abstract:
Il 62 d.C. è l’anno che segna l’inizio di un periodo caratterizzato da una serie di terremoti che si manifestarono, con continuità, fino alla completa distruzione di Pompei causata dall’eruzione del Vesuvio del 79 d.C. Gli effetti della suddetta sequenza sismica e, successivamente, dei flussi piroclastici prodotti dall’eruzione, ancora oggi leggibili sui manufatti, costituiscono un repertorio di dati essenziali per ripercorrere la storia degli eventi che hanno caratterizzato l’edificato dell’antica città campana. La ricerca proposta si fonda proprio su queste evidenze, tentando di ricostruire da un lato la sequenza degli eventi sismici e la dinamica eruttiva, dall’altro l’intensità delle azioni esercitate sulle costruzioni da questi ultimi e le misure attuate dagli antichi pompeiani per rinforzare e mettere in sicurezza l’edificato danneggiato. L’approccio utilizzato è di tipo olistico, includendo nell’analisi, oltre alle tradizionali scienze storiche, elementi di meccanica dei materiali e di meccanica delle strutture. Presentato attraverso tre casi studio paradigmatici, le Terme Stabiane (VII, 1, 8), la Torre di Mercurio (torre XI) della cinta muraria nord e il colonnato del Foro civile, il contributo proposto si compone di una prima fase di reperimento dei dati archeologici esistenti in letteratura, di un dettagliato rilievo dei tagli, deformazioni e dislocazioni caratterizzanti tuttora i manufatti, seguita da annotazioni inerenti all’organizzazione dell’apparecchio murario e delle caratteristiche di forma. Tali dati, supportati dai risultati ottenuti attraverso codici di calcolo, alcuni dei quali sviluppati ad hoc per l’analisi di casi specifici, hanno consentito, in maniera poco usuale rispetto ai modelli predittivi di impiego comune nell’analisi delle strutture, di ripercorrere passo dopo passo il comportamento manifestato dai manufatti analizzati in occasione degli eventi sismici e durante l’eruzione di I secolo.
Well known as one of the seven ancient world’s wonders, the Mausoleum built by Mausolo in Halicarnassus is one of the many lost masterpieces from the past. Its architectural and artistic high quality just left a large bounce of fragments... more
Well known as one of the seven ancient world’s wonders, the Mausoleum built by Mausolo in Halicarnassus is one of the many lost masterpieces from the past. Its architectural and artistic high quality just left a large bounce of fragments and ruins, leaving to all the scholars a rich subjects for studies and to imagine possible reconstructions. In this ongoing research, a try of collecting the single parts and make some matching with other possible references is done starting from 3d digital modeling. In the specific from the photogrammetry of a set of statues from the British Museum, with a great attention in finding correspondences with other sculptures and features (faces, dresses, details) from other artworks from the same area. The use of the SfM photogrammetry tuned out again to be a great tool for rapid and accurate digitalization, all the models were then edited, simplified and uploaded to the Sketchfab platform to be a quick reference for all the participants to the research group, but also accessible to anyone for seeing and checking these interesting pieces from the past. Such an operation, starting from the statues trays to bring on some reflections about proportions, stiles and relationship with architecture to better understand and verify possible new reconstruction choices about this long lost architectural wonder.
In the past century, at the end of the fifties, the project of the Aswan High Dam, put the monuments of Nubia in danger. UNESCO promoted the “Nubian Campaign” to involve western countries in the salvage of the Abu Simbel Temples. The... more
In the past century, at the end of the fifties, the project of the Aswan High Dam, put the monuments of Nubia in danger. UNESCO promoted the “Nubian Campaign” to involve western countries in the salvage of the Abu Simbel Temples. The survey of the area, essential for the operations, was made by the Institut Géographique National Français (from 1956 to 1963), using innovative – for those times – technologies like photogrammetry.
In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to creating safeguards measures in protecting masterpieces, art items, large statues, from the uncontrollable event of an earthquake. In the poster presented here a specific research... more
In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to creating safeguards measures in protecting masterpieces, art items, large statues, from the uncontrollable event of an earthquake. In the poster presented here a specific research about this subject will be brought to the attention of the conference participants: It will be shown how, from a set of significant statues from the Bargello Museum in Florence, Italy, it is possible to define a working model for simulating the effects of an earthquake and understand the real state of safety of these artworks. While the correct definition of the shape of the elements is fundamental in this processing, particular attention will be given to the phase of the digital survey, here operated using photogrammetry based on Structure from Motion procedures. All the steps of the workflow will be analyzed and described in its main issues, lessons learned, new procedures. A set of different procedures will be compared, a speditive method based on a smartphone camera and quick and simple modeling to one based on a 50 Mp resolution camera with high-quality optic and highly accurate modeling. The result of the two procedures will be matched to the results of the simulation analysis, suggesting affordable approaches for any similar conditions about the interpretation of the state of safety of this important cultural heritage.
The classic architecture and its image, strong in the imagery as in its real manifestation, it can be found in the shape of a rich sample in the Theseus Temple in the Volksgarten in Vienna. During the Cultural Heritage and New... more
The classic architecture and its image, strong in the imagery as in its real manifestation, it can be found in the shape of a rich sample in the Theseus Temple in the Volksgarten in Vienna. During the Cultural Heritage and New Technologies 16 workshop in November 2011 a well participated seminar took place in this location, under the guide of G. Verdiani, B. Ridderhof and W. Beex, and with the collaboration of R. Rudorfer, the whole monument was surveyed in all the over ground parts, the whole work was made together with the participants to the seminar and it allowed a good coverage of the whole building. During the past year, starting from the registered pointcloud it has been possible to reconstruct the digital surface model in a new, well defined, setup. Starting from the previous survey our work proceed in taking the photogrammetrical survey of the Canova’s Theseus statue, reading the drawings from Pietro Nobile (the author of the temple) and analyzing, through the post-processing of these data, the Wiener neoclassic temple in its proportions and dimensions. After that the comparison between the “Theseus Tempel” and real classical model has found its result for produce some hypothesis about a new overall setup for the Theseus Temple because of exploring this monument from its state at now and a possibility of future evolutions. So our proposed themes are aimed to present the seminar work and how the data produced at that time has worked as the base for a new specific research about this interesting monument.
Research Interests:
The Baptistery of Biella is an example in Italy of a quadriconco baptistery. It has been built from the IX century, on a late-Roman burial ground. In this baptistery it is possible to identify some typical elements of the Romanesque... more
The Baptistery of Biella is an example in Italy of a quadriconco baptistery. It has been built from the IX century, on a late-Roman burial ground. In this baptistery it is possible to identify some typical elements of the Romanesque Architecture. The quadrangular plant has got four lateral semi-circular rooms, divided by angle pillars aimed at supporting the lantern. With its architectural structure and its scale it is an element of strong suggestion. For this, the survey and the documentation of the baptistery -made by speed technologies like digital photogrammetry aimed to the production of high quality 3D models- let us to create digital study models comparable with other architectural witnesses.
Research Interests:
This research aims to develop a methodology to replicate digital 3D models of architectures, structures, and military forts painted in past pictorial works. A procedure of interest, while almost all these structures are transformed, in... more
This research aims to develop a methodology to replicate digital 3D models of architectures, structures, and military forts painted in past pictorial works. A procedure of interest, while almost all these structures are transformed, in whole or in parts, in the modern territorial and urban fabric. The main subject will focus on Palazzo Vecchio in Florence and the great frescos of the wars won by the Grand Duke of Tuscany, Cosimo I, realized in the “Hall of the 500” under the guidance of Giorgio Vasari, celebrating the Florentine achievements. The reconstruction of the painted structures started with a match between the texts and archival sources, the digital survey of the Palace, the studying of the Hall, and the relationship between the topic shown in the painting and its ambience.
In the Mediterranean area the richness of the relationship between people, art, architecture and urban settlements is articulated in an incredible mosaic. In this research the focus is set on the people who named themselves “Tabarkini”... more
In the Mediterranean area the richness of the relationship between people, art, architecture and urban settlements is articulated in an incredible mosaic. In this research the focus is set on the people who named themselves “Tabarkini” and on their settlements, especially on the “sense of place” produced by their towns on the observer. Visiting the town of Carloforte it comes out quite clear the impression to be in a town from the northern coast of Liguria more than on an island in front of the Sardinia Island. An articulated story has brought this population from Pegli (Liguria) to Tabarka (Tunisia) and to from there to Sardinia and on the small island of Nueva Tabarca in Spain. Behind the story of this people it’s possible to read a story of urban settlements: which has preserved certain characteristics everywhere in the Mediterranean area, so that it is easy to feel the mood and the suggestions from each of the places touched by this migration, but it is difficult to identify the elements producing these sensations. A confrontation about the house typologies and of the urban pattern is still missing. To put in evidence which are the constants and the variables in these settlements and what makes these places what they are; this project has chosen to operate starting from a detailed survey and documentation campaign. The contemporary technologies based on laser scanner and digital imaging have been used to develop a rich archive of information and to start the analysis about these Mediterranean settlements.
IFAU 2019-3rd International Forum on Architecture and Urbanism aims to bring together leading academic scientists, researchers, and research scholars to exchange and share their experiences and research results about all aspects of... more
IFAU 2019-3rd International Forum on Architecture and Urbanism aims to bring together leading academic scientists, researchers, and research scholars to exchange and share their experiences and research results about all aspects of Architecture, Urbanism, Cultural Heritage within Modernization and Globalization trends of XXI century. The third edition is expanding the horizon by introducing a series of overlapping visions spanning the recently institutionalized Adriatic-Ionian Euroregion, now extended to the Balkan and SouthEast European region. The Forum will concentrate on Architecture, Urbanism, Cultural Heritage located in contexts and territories that reveal their tendencies to Modernization and Globalization. 3 rd INTERNATIONAL FORUM ON ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM MODERNISATION AND GLOBALIZATION Global/local modernizations XXth Century modernism and the question of cultural heritage Phenomena of re-generation, revitalization, recycle, reuse Modernization/globalization of urban planning/design and landscapes Modern housing Modern designing and daily life / universal design Utilization of future technologies Sustainability on the era of modernization / globalization
Documenting large architectures with an accurate survey has recently become possible even with a limited budget. Digital survey tools based on both active and passive solutions, offers today versatile opportunities for the architectural... more
Documenting large architectures with an accurate survey has recently become possible even with a limited budget. Digital survey tools based on both active and passive solutions, offers today versatile opportunities for the architectural documentation, regardless of the building's dimension. This paper presents the poster, prepared for the CHNT conference, with an extract of Terrestrial and Aerial Photogrammetry and Terrestrial Lasergrammetry. This was used by academics in the context of the Kyrenia Castle in the Cyprus Island, a large medieval fortification organized in an almost square planimetry with a side of about 150 meters and walls height up to about 30 meters, gathering the occasion of a specific workshop (activated for one week in May 2018) and producing the first (partial) digital model of this large built heritage. Following the protocols and best practice in digital documentation of this kind of architectures-the coordinator group of the workshop in synergy with the management unit of the museum hosted in the castle-has brought on an articulated experience moving from the morphology of the castle, to its stratigraphy, to its exhibition aspects, to its restoration issues, to the production of multimedia contents for technical and/or general public access. In that poster it was presented the structure of the workshop, the structure of the survey, the interactions and integrations between different surveys, the system of tools, and the results coming out at first, from the on-field operations brought on by the students participating to the workshop and the following processing operated by technical expert operators; going on to the development of common digital bases to evolve the way of approach to these monumental structures. To present the complete workflow with samples the poster was enriched with QR-Code links to online resources has been made to be a useful base for sharing and discussing the whole set of activities completed on this subject.
Abstract collection of the Scholar Workshop "Architecture, Archaeology and Contemporary City Planning" Turku, Finland, 15-18th May 2017.
Research Interests:
The analysis of the Aχειροποίητος monastery shows the superimposition of different buildings: a domed church with a central plan, built in late Byzantine times over the ruins of an early Christian basilica, enlarged by the addition of... more
The analysis of the Aχειροποίητος monastery shows the superimposition of different buildings: a domed church with a central plan, built in late Byzantine times over the ruins of an early Christian basilica, enlarged by the addition of three successive narthexes, and therefore transformed into a
longitudinal basilica. The name Aχειροποίητος, literally “made without hands”, referred to a sacred icon hosted therein. A walled enclosure surrounds the church and contains the monastery, which developed in subsequent phases, with different additions, demolitions and restorations. We outlined the formation process of the complex, from the V cent. Basilica, to the transformation of the monastery into military barracks in the 1970s, as a premise for the restoration project. Recently the Department of Antiquities assigned the monastery to the Girne American University for its restoration and it is urgent to accomplish some statical interventions. The management of this site, hence the political situation of northern Cyprus, represents an interesting case study on the contested heritage issue. Nevertheless, the heritage management in Cyprus, for the complex political situation of the island, bears more difficulties than in other UE countries, but we should consider that every heritage site has someway a contested character.
An architectural project was experimented, according to the typo-morphological approach of the Muratorian Italian School, based on the principle that new buildings should be the continuation of the old ones, without imitating them, but following their formation process, as the last step of an ongoing process. We did not conceive the new architecture as an object contrasting with the context, but following the full
understanding of the processual transformations of the site, it was possible to design the new addition to the monastic building as a living organism, in conformity with the sacred context.
Research Interests:
FORTMED 2017 is the International Conference on Modern Age Fortifications of the Mediterranean coast. The conference will take place on 26, 27 and 28 October 2017, at the San Vicente del Raspeig Campus of the University of Alicante (UA).... more
FORTMED 2017 is the International Conference on Modern Age Fortifications of the Mediterranean coast.
The conference will take place on 26, 27 and 28 October 2017, at the San Vicente del Raspeig Campus of the University of Alicante (UA).
The conference´s main objective is to exchange and share knowledge, valorization, management and exploitation of the culture and heritage that was developed on the Mediterranean coast in the Modern Age.
The Conference has an interdisciplinary character, in which architects, engineers, archaeologists, historians, geographers, cartographers, heritage managers, tourism experts, restoration-conservation experts and heritage dissemination will participate. The idea is to contribute more integrative visions, more real, more current, that take us to the level where the research of this subject must be found, in the XXI century.
The themes are centered on Mediterranean fortifications (Spain, France, Italy, Malta, Croatia, Albania, Greece, Turkey, Cyprus, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, etc.) in the 15th to 18th centuries, including the rest of Mediterranean countries and the fortifications of this era that were built overseas (Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Philippines, Panama, etc.).
Pesquisas conjuntas . Itália/Brasil sobre patrimônio e novas tecnologias São Paolo, Brazil, dia 13 de agosto 2019 Lançamento do ArCo 2020 “1ª Convenção Internacional sobre patrimônio, segurança e inovação digital” Dipartimento di... more
Pesquisas conjuntas . Itália/Brasil sobre patrimônio e novas tecnologias
São Paolo, Brazil, dia 13 de agosto 2019

Lançamento do ArCo 2020

“1ª Convenção Internacional sobre patrimônio, segurança e inovação digital” Dipartimento di Architettura DiDA Università di Firenze, 28-30 de maio de 2020 www.arcoconference.com

Instituto Italiano de Cultura, São Paulo
dia 13 de agosto, terça, 17hrs
Av. Higienópolis, 436 - Higienópolis, São Paulo

Michele Gialdroni - direttore IIC San Paolo Beatriz Mugayar Kühl e Renata Cima Campiotto - FAUUSP As experiências Getty-FAUUSP e Museu Paulista Em colaboração com DIAPReM - Università di Ferrara Luciano Migliaccio e Beatriz Siqueira Piccolotto Bueno - FAUUSP

Regina Helena Vieira Santos - Museu da Cidade de São Paulo “LabSampa: Uma experiência didática de levantamento com laser scanner 3d para a história da arquitetura e da cidade” Em colaboração com: DiDA-Università di Firenze

Giacomo Pirazzoli - EAV Parque Lage e DiDA-Università di Firenze “Entre sabedoria tradicional e nova tecnologia: uma obra do
século XVI reconstruída e musealizada”

Sobre a Convenção ArCo 2020:
O patrimônio representa um recurso inestimável do nosso capital cultural. Entretanto, nem sempre é adequadamente protegido contra eventuais riscos e perigos. Nas últimas décadas, as novas tecnologias
– tais como o controle digital, as reconstruções em 3D, etc.
– foram aplicadas com sucesso no setor, facilitando as atividades de monitoramento e os controles de segurança. Essa Convenção visa
reagrupar as contribuições de diferentes áreas para a preservação e proteção dos bens artísticos expostos nos museus e do patrimônio.

Chamada aberta até dia 15 de setembro: www.arcoconference.com
ArCo Conference will take place in Florence, Italy on the 28-30 May 2020 It is an International Conference dedicated to innovative experiences in Museums and Art Collections. The call for abstract is open from the 25th of June to the... more
ArCo Conference will take place in Florence, Italy on the 28-30 May 2020

It is an International Conference dedicated to innovative experiences in Museums and Art Collections.

The call for abstract is open from the 25th of June to the 15th September 2019.

All the details and key dates at: www.arcoconference.com
Research Interests:
Il progetto multidisciplinare “romanico e Territorio: materiali da costruzione delle chiese giudicali sarde: nuovi approcci per la valorizzazione, conservazione e restauro”, volto allo studio di diversi casi studio di chiese romaniche... more
Il progetto multidisciplinare “romanico e Territorio: materiali da costruzione delle chiese giudicali sarde: nuovi approcci per la valorizzazione, conservazione e restauro”, volto allo studio di diversi casi studio di chiese romaniche costruite durante l’età giudicale della
Sardegna (dall’undicesimo al tredicesimo secolo), è stato articolato in tre fasi principali:
– 1ª fase: attività di studio in situ (mappatura e campionamento delle litologie e loro
forme di alterazione, rilievo digitale e fotogrammetrico di dettaglio, analisi delle caratteristiche stilistiche e architettoniche significative dei
monumenti);
– 2a fase: indagini di laboratorio sulle caratteristiche composizionali dei geomateriali (analisi chimiche, mineralogiche, petrografiche e fisico-meccaniche) e sui processi di alterazione sui materiali, evidenziando i fattori chimici e fisici;
– 3a fase: definire i rapporti tra il monumento architettonico / sito costruito, sia in prospettiva storica e moderna, gli aspetti socio-politici territoriali, i fattori che hanno influenzato la scelta dei materiali da costruzione, nonché, un protocollo metodologico per il restauro (e la valorizzazione) dei monumenti.
The multidisciplinary activities of the research project, involving several case studies of Romanesque Churches built up during the Sardinia Age of the Giudici (ranging from the eleventh to the thirteenth centuries), consist of three main... more
The multidisciplinary activities of the research project, involving several case studies of Romanesque Churches built up during the Sardinia Age of the Giudici (ranging from the eleventh to the thirteenth centuries), consist of three main phases: – 1st phase: work activities in situ (mapping and sampling of stones and alteration forms, digital and photogrammetric survey, study of significant stylistic and architectural features of monuments); – 2nd phase: laboratory investigations on the compositional and intrinsic characteristics of geomaterials (chemical, mineralogical, petrographic and physical-mechanical analyses) and alteration processes on the materials, highlighting the chemical and physical features; - 3rd phase: to define the relationships between the architectural monument/built-up site, both in a historical and modern perspective, the factors influencing the choice in construction materials, as well as, a methodological protocol for restoration (and valorisation) of monuments.
The central position of Sardinia in the Mediterranean made it a crossing point of many cultural and political events, but at the same time, its isolation has favoured the manifestation of specific and unique Cultural Heritage phenomena,... more
The central position of Sardinia in the Mediterranean made it a crossing point of many cultural and political events, but at the same time, its isolation has favoured the manifestation of specific and unique Cultural Heritage phenomena, like the network of the Romanesque churches, disseminated all around the island, which shows how an architectural language can be declined to site-specific materials, always preserving its original logic and grammar. In the specific case of these Romanesque churches, the architectural language is more than ever subject to petrification: all the elements of the project are adapted to be realized in local stones. This is evident for all these churches, while the “imported” language of the Romanesque has no parallel with a similar process of reinterpretation for other kinds of buildings. The elements that elsewhere (like in Tuscany) are most of the time divided between facing elements and structural elements, here are often all structural, exploiting the features and differences in colours of the volcanic stones. In the research presented here, on the basis of architectural characteristics and petrophysical features, a significant series of these churches are analysed in this speciic nature using digital survey and petrophysical investigation.
Capitolo dedicato al rendering non fotorealistico nel volume "Manuale di Rappresentazione per il Design" a cura di Stefano Bertocci, 2021
The historic centres of Berat and Gjirokastra, located in central and southern Albania, were added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2005, thanks to the valuable presence of several remarkable examples of Ottoman-styled houses, and to... more
The historic centres of Berat and Gjirokastra, located in central and southern Albania, were added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2005, thanks to the valuable presence of several remarkable examples of Ottoman-styled houses, and to the integrity of their vernacular urban landscape. This chapter presents the digital survey and some reflections about these places.
The rupestrian landscape of Cappadocia offers an incredible vision of a unique, rich geological environment, eroded into forms creating evocative panoramas and fantastical architectural visions. A heritage made up of rocks, gorges,... more
The rupestrian landscape of Cappadocia offers an incredible vision of a unique, rich geological environment, eroded into forms creating evocative panoramas and fantastical architectural visions. A heritage made up of rocks, gorges, valleys, and promontories where the populations of the past dedicated themselves to creating rock-cut cavities to hold dwellings, religious spaces, shared places, and defence systems as well as storage areas or spaces intended for agricultural or farming purposes. However, this vast rock-cut heritage is undergoing a gradual process of deterioration as nature progressively erodes the stone. Sometimes this process has been accelerated by the presence of the voids created by these rock-cut settlements: for example, the collapse of part of a rock wall may expose entire sections of subterranean cities, the interior wall of a church can become its façade, the core of a peak may reveal doorways or apses. In this complex situation, visiting and gaining access to some of these architectural structures may prove difficult and, at times, even unsafe. This means that architectural research must focus on producing efficient documentation as well as creating the necessary premises for interventions leading to the conservation and eventual access to these rock-cut environments.
Il paesaggio rupestre della Cappadocia offre una visione incredibile di un ambiente geologico ricco e unico, che ricorda, nelle forme della sua erosione, prospettive evocative e visioni architettoniche fantastiche. Un patrimonio fatto di... more
Il paesaggio rupestre della Cappadocia offre una visione incredibile di un ambiente geologico ricco e unico, che ricorda, nelle forme della sua erosione, prospettive evocative e visioni architettoniche fantastiche. Un patrimonio fatto di rocce, gole, valli e promontori, arricchiti dalle passate popolazioni con un’intensa opera dedicata alla creazione di cavità atte a ospitare residenze, spazi religiosi, ambienti comuni, sistemi difensivi e anche depositi o spazi per gli scopi dell’agricoltura e dell’allevamento4. Questo vasto patrimonio rupestre è però soggetto a un lento e progressivo degrado: la natura, a poco a poco, erode la pietra. A volte questo processo è accelerato dalla presenza degli stessi vuoti creati dagli insediamenti rupestri: il crollo di una parte di roccia può portare alla luce intere sezioni di città sotterranee, il muro interno di una chiesa diventa la sua facciata, il nucleo di un picco può rivelare portali o absidi. In questa situazione complessa può risultare difficile, e non sicuro, visitare e anche solo accedere ad alcune architetture. La ricerca architettonica deve quindi occuparsi di produrre una documentazione efficace, e al tempo stesso di creare basi appropriate per permettere interventi progettuali che portino alla preservazione e, possibilmente, a un accesso adeguato alle strutture rupestri.
‘Interrupted city’ è una iniziativa culturale itinerante che prende dichiaratamente spunto dalla ‘Roma Interrotta’ ideata da Piero Sartogo nel lontano 1974. A suo modo si tratta di un omaggio all’inventore di quel progetto culturale... more
‘Interrupted city’ è una iniziativa culturale itinerante che prende dichiaratamente spunto dalla ‘Roma Interrotta’ ideata da Piero Sartogo nel lontano 1974. A suo modo si tratta di un omaggio all’inventore di quel progetto culturale basato sulla Pianta grande di Roma di Giambattista Nolli. Nel 2017 Tom Rankin, Paolo Pineschi e Alessandro Camiz hanno fondato tale proposta con l’intento di affrontare un preciso tema progettuale, quello della città interrotta. A partire dalla città di Nicosia, la capitale divisa di Cipro, il seminario itinerante si è svolto nelle diverse sedi, in modo da estendere la questione della divisione al tema più inclusivo dell’interruzione; quell’interruzione che dal moderno in poi ha caratterizzato la crescita delle città, un’interruzione organica alla crisi moderna, un’interruzione che si legge chiaramente nei tessuti edilizi delle nostre città.
In February 2018 DIDA, the Department of Architecture of the University of Florence, performed an open and public analysis and evaluation of the scientific research carried out during the first five years of activity since its... more
In February 2018 DIDA, the Department of Architecture of the University of Florence, performed an open and public analysis and evaluation of the scientific research carried out during the first five years of activity since its establishment. The aim of the DIDA Research Week Book is to communicate the results of such research, in all the aspects which were carried out at DIDA during its first five years of activity.
The workshop “Reading and Designing the Kyrenia Castle” is one the results of the ongoing scientific collaboration between Girne American University (Department of Interior Architecture), with the Department of Architecture of the... more
The workshop “Reading and Designing the Kyrenia Castle” is one the results of the ongoing scientific collaboration between Girne American University (Department of Interior Architecture), with the Department
of Architecture of the University of Florence and the Department of Interior Architecture of Özyeğin University. The workshop took place between the 6th and the 13th of May 2018, at Girne American University, Cyprus.
Rural depopulation is becoming a problem day by day. There are a lot of reasons, which are leading to massive exodus from the countryside to the city, but all of them are strictly connected to the change that we’re carrying on from the... more
Rural depopulation is becoming a problem day by day. There are a lot of reasons, which are leading to massive exodus from the countryside to the city, but all of them are strictly connected to the change that we’re carrying on from the economic and social points of view. Depopulation is first of all a social issue, which is manifested by the abandonment of architectures, only one silent witnesses to the history of these places. Firstly, this study wants to develop a research, based on statistical data about Spanish and Andalusian situation, about the depopulation process of small villages; secondly wish focus on mapping all of these entity dwells getting abandoned or yet abandoned in Granada’s territory. Among these, an analysis is performed about Tablate, developing a survey of all the village and of the most important building, a tower, as a witness of the cultural heritage, too often forgotten, in these places. The main aim of this study is the heritage valorization of Tablate, whose history, and so whose architectural importance, it’s completely unknown or fades into the background compared to others villages in the same area. To reach this goal, others secondary goals are set up, such as: - a study on Spanish and Andalusian depopulation, to compare it with the actual situation in Tablate; - a study about the reality of Tablate developed with an architectural aerial survey of all of the village; - a study about architectural structures, remained in Tablate and considered the most emblematic ones, developing an architectural survey and, in the case of the Nazari tower, a decay analysis of the current state and a restauration proposal. This work follows this methodology: -research about statistical data, field research with the visit of some of the villages analyzed and with the collection of some interviews and photos, archival research based on books newspapers and historical cartography; -analysis of the data provided, cataloguing and mapping of the villages in Granada yet abandoned or with less than 50 habitants; -aerial and terrestrial survey of Tablate; -decay analysis and subsequent restauration proposal of the mediaeval tower in Tablate. As mentioned before, depopulation issue in Spain is growing more and more, for this reason it’s necessary uploading the studies focus on this theme with different perspectives: on one side from a social point of view with a demographic analysis, being in touch with the population where it’s possible, and with the aim to protect the intangible heritage made by skills and knowings, that if it’s not preserved, it will be loose and it will become a ruin as many buildings; on the other side, from an architectural point of view, with the survey, the conservation and the restauration of the tangible heritage, as a key to understand this realities and promote a reactivation of small villages. Concluding, this study wants to encourage the requalification of abandoned villages, believing that the care and the reconstruction for the cultural heritage valorisation in a durable and sustainable form requires the restoration of historical buildings and, in the social field, an active population, aware of the heritage it has.
Unlike the numerous studies on historical centres which have been deeply addressed, the seismic risk of archaeological sites is a topic not much discussed in the scientific literature. It represents a complex assessment aimed at... more
Unlike the numerous studies on historical centres which have been deeply addressed, the seismic risk of archaeological sites is a topic not much discussed in the scientific literature. It represents a complex assessment aimed at mitigating the vulnerability ancient artefacts to earthquakes and, therefore, to reduce the loss of inestimable historic and artistic heritage. The archaeological site of Pompeii - and in general of the Vesuvius centres - since the discovery in the Eighteenth century has been, and it is still today, the field of a battle, which attempts to ensure the survival of artefacts characterized by “fatigued” materials, without roof structures and therefore lacking in constraints, exposed to the strongly aggressive atmospheric pollution of the cities of the 21th century and located in areas where the expected ground acceleration values are of medium degree. Moreover, the methods necessarily of “integral” conservation aimed at preserving both the material and the original configuration allow “soft interventions” that moderately improve the response of ruins to the stresses deriving from gravitational loads and, in particular, from seismic actions. This paper describes the research project Analysis, interpretation and evaluation of the seismic vulnerability of the construction elements constituting the archaeological apparatus of the Pompeii site, signed in March 2018 between the Department of Architecture of the University of Florence and the Parco Archeologico di Pompei. The purpose of the study is the definition of a thematic reference map based on the definition of the values of the site risk indices. The research consists of several phases. Preliminarily, the developed methodology includes investigations on the seismic behaviour of the single construction elements - arches, vaults, colonnades, free walls and walls with various types of constraints, non-structural elements etc. - in their variability of geometry, masonry organization and material characteristics, crack and deformation pattern, considering the evolutionary aspect of the construction, with particular regard to the strategies put in place by the ancient Romans to repair or reinforce the damaged buildings. Such a detected potential level of damage, in terms of limit states, is obtained through calculation codes (some of them have also been developed by the authors) selected to predict the behaviour of ancient artefacts. Subsequently, the achieved data are related and implemented considering the occurrences of single construction elements in the archaeological site, the interactions with contiguous buildings as well as possible site-effects, thus creating a seismic risk map for each individual insula. Aimed at extending the methodology proposed herein to other insulae of the archaeological site in future studies, its effectiveness and validity are assessed by analysing the reference case study of the Stabian Baths, a block whose seismically vulnerability has already been analysed by the authors in a previous paper.
VIII AACCP (Architecture, Archaeology and Contemporary City Planning) symposium CITIES IN EVOLUTION: DIACHRONIC TRANSFORMATIONS OF URBAN AND RURAL SETTLEMENTS, (hybrid) abstract deadline 15/1/2021
https://aaccp2021.wordpress.com/