- Facultad de Humanidades
Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
Campus Universitario s/n
02071 Albacete (Spain) - +34967599200 (ext. 2776)
David Igual Luis
University of Castilla-La Mancha, History, Faculty Member
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Medieval History, Department MemberUniversità di Sassari, Storia, Scienze dell'Uomo e della Formazione, Department MemberUniversitat de València, Medieval History, Department Memberadd
- Medieval History, Early Modern History, Mediterranean History, Iberian Peninsula, Medieval Crown of Aragon, Kingdom of Valencia, and 32 moreKingdom of Castile in the Middle Ages, Italy, Economic History, Economy and politics, Late Medieval economic and social history, Late Medieval Crisis, Urban History, Regional and Urban economics, Markets, International Trade and Finance, Merchants and Businessmen, Business Networks, Financial Markets, Monetary history, Credit markets, banking, and monetary policy, Textile industry, Historiography, Migration Studies, Prosopography, Notarial Sources, Citizenship, Immigration Status & Nationality, Maritime History, Trade Routes, Mediterranean, Ports, Port cities, Islands, Insularity, Seafarers, Finance, and Bankingedit
This is a comprehensive long-run history of economic and political change in the Iberian Peninsula. Beginning with the development of the old medieval kingdoms, it goes on to explore two countries, Portugal and Spain, which during the... more
This is a comprehensive long-run history of economic and political change in the Iberian Peninsula. Beginning with the development of the old medieval kingdoms, it goes on to explore two countries, Portugal and Spain, which during the early modern period possessed vast empires and played an essential role in the global economic and political developments. It traces how and why both countries began to fall behind during the first stages of industrialization and modern economic growth only to achieve remarkable economic development during the second half of the twentieth century. Written by a team of leading historians, the book sheds new light on all aspects of economic history from population, agriculture, manufacturing and international trade to government, finance and welfare. The book includes extensive new data and will be an essential work of reference for scholars of Portugal and Spain and also of comparative European economic development.
Research Interests: Modern History, Economic History, Medieval History, Early Modern History, Early Modern Portuguese History, and 10 morePortuguese Medieval History, Medieval Iberian History, Early Modern economic history, Early Modern economic and social history, Iberian History, Medieval Spain, Early modern Spain, Economic and Social History, Iberian Peninsula, and Medieval Economic and Social History
Este libro colectivo estudia el mundo marítimo y sus protagonistas con una perspectiva interdisciplinar y de larga duración, desde el final de los tiempos medievales hasta la contemporaneidad. Incluye ocho artículos escritos por personas... more
Este libro colectivo estudia el mundo marítimo y sus protagonistas con una perspectiva interdisciplinar y de larga duración, desde el final de los tiempos medievales hasta la contemporaneidad. Incluye ocho artículos escritos por personas expertas en Historia, Antropología, Archivos y Museos. Los capítulos confrontan argumentos, fuentes e hipótesis que conducen a un examen comparado entre espacios, cronologías, sectores laborales y actores humanos. A lo largo del volumen, el mar aparece como ámbito de emanación de fuentes y documentos, de trabajo, de comercio y de guerra. Mientras, sus gentes constan visibilizadas a través de su diversidad y, también, mediante la aproximación concreta tanto a individuos y familias como a las diferencias de género y al papel de las mujeres en los ámbitos marítimos.
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Este libro recoge la documentación-registro del tráfico comercial entre el reino de Portugal y la ciudad de Valencia a finales del siglo XV, con un notable volumen de datos sobre mercaderes, patrones de naves, puertos de partida y, sobre... more
Este libro recoge la documentación-registro del tráfico comercial entre el reino de Portugal y la ciudad de Valencia a finales del siglo XV, con un notable volumen de datos sobre mercaderes, patrones de naves, puertos de partida y, sobre todo, nombres de productos, el volumen que representaban y su valor económico. Toda esta información fue reunida por oficiales reales valencianos con el fin de cobrar una tasa a dichos productos que entraban en el reino y así compensar a los mercaderes que habían sufrido un saqueo por parte de corsarios portugueses.
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El libro reúne once artículos inéditos y originales, elaborados con motivo de la jubilación, en 2015, del profesor Paulino Iradiel, catedrático de Historia Medieval de la Universitat de València. Los autores de los estudios son... more
El libro reúne once artículos inéditos y originales, elaborados con motivo de la jubilación, en 2015, del profesor Paulino Iradiel, catedrático de Historia Medieval de la Universitat de València. Los autores de los estudios son medievalistas que realizaron las tesis doctorales bajo su dirección o codirección. Los trabajos están planteados desde la investigación de base y confluyen en la observación del sistema social de la Edad Media, analizado en sus aspectos estructurales y de funcionamiento interno o por medio de los sujetos, individuales o colectivos, que lo vertebraban. Todos se centran en el pasado del País Valenciano durante los siglos XIII-XV, un escenario que se integra también a lo largo del volumen en otros dos ámbitos más generales: la Corona de Aragón y la Europa mediterránea.
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Este libro reúne una veintena de textos de especialistas españoles e italianos que intervinieron en un seminario internacional celebrado en la Universidad de Zaragoza los días 2 y 3 de julio de 2015. Dicho encuentro fue la última... more
Este libro reúne una veintena de textos de especialistas españoles e italianos que intervinieron en un seminario internacional celebrado en la Universidad de Zaragoza los días 2 y 3 de julio de 2015. Dicho encuentro fue la última actividad organizada por el proyecto de investigación de ámbito internacional que ha liderado el profesor Paulino Iradiel desde la Universitat de València durante 2012-2015. Se trata sin duda de una potente obra colectiva que actualiza el debate sobre las identidades urbanas en la Baja Edad Media a través de la historia comparada de las principales ciudades de la Corona de Aragón en perspectiva euromediterránea.
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El libro recoge los principales resultados de la tesis doctoral del autor. En esta investigó las conexiones comerciales, financieras e industriales definidas entre Valencia y el centro-norte de la actual Italia (la Lombardía, la Liguria,... more
El libro recoge los principales resultados de la tesis doctoral del autor. En esta investigó las conexiones comerciales, financieras e industriales definidas entre Valencia y el centro-norte de la actual Italia (la Lombardía, la Liguria, el Véneto, la Toscana y el Lacio) en los siglos XIV-XVI y las condiciones humanas, políticas y fiscales que las posibilitaron, con especial referencia a lo acaecido en la segunda mitad del Cuatrocientos, una época inestable en la que se pusieron las precondiciones de los Descubrimientos y de la Modernidad y que halla en tales contingencias un buen laboratorio de penetración en los entresijos de las estructuras de mercado merced a las mutaciones que se produjeron entonces.
El volumen muestra la evolución de unas relaciones económicas cuyos trazos básicos se perfilaron en 1350-1400. Desde ese momento, los intercambios entre los espacios valenciano e italiano del centro-norte se resolvieron aparentemente con un balance positivo para Valencia porque las exportaciones superaron a las importaciones, y se sustentaron en un pedestal mixto de materias primas, elementos semielaborados y manufacturas tanto en un sentido como en otro, en especial con el canje de sustancias agropecuarias y textiles. El salto de centuria no alteró este diseño, pero, si se contempla al detalle, se observan leves modificaciones declaradas con claridad desde 1450. Algunas incumbieron a los tipos merceológicos transportados, porque la irrupción de nuevas mercancías como el papel, los metales, la sal, el alumbre y los esclavos, aminoró la importancia relativa de los porteos más tradicionales. Otras afectaron a la organización de las rutas marítimas, en las que Valencia se erigió en foco regulador de redes regionales y utilizó como puntos de apoyo en sus enlaces con la Italia centro-septentrional los puertos de todo su reino, los de Tortosa, Cartagena e Ibiza, e incluso los del sur de Francia, Sicilia, Cerdeña y Nápoles. Sin embargo, las novedades más interesantes se produjeron cuando a la simple reciprocidad comercial se añadieron también desde mediados del XV, primero, las inversiones industriales realizadas por los italianos en la pañería, el azúcar, el papel, la imprenta y la seda. Y, después, las finanzas privadas, que arrancaron con energía desde 1475 porque los italianos residentes en suelo ibérico movilizaron abundantes capitales, los cuales pudieron introducir un elemento compensatorio de la balanza de pagos con Génova, Florencia, Milán, Venecia y Roma.
El volumen muestra la evolución de unas relaciones económicas cuyos trazos básicos se perfilaron en 1350-1400. Desde ese momento, los intercambios entre los espacios valenciano e italiano del centro-norte se resolvieron aparentemente con un balance positivo para Valencia porque las exportaciones superaron a las importaciones, y se sustentaron en un pedestal mixto de materias primas, elementos semielaborados y manufacturas tanto en un sentido como en otro, en especial con el canje de sustancias agropecuarias y textiles. El salto de centuria no alteró este diseño, pero, si se contempla al detalle, se observan leves modificaciones declaradas con claridad desde 1450. Algunas incumbieron a los tipos merceológicos transportados, porque la irrupción de nuevas mercancías como el papel, los metales, la sal, el alumbre y los esclavos, aminoró la importancia relativa de los porteos más tradicionales. Otras afectaron a la organización de las rutas marítimas, en las que Valencia se erigió en foco regulador de redes regionales y utilizó como puntos de apoyo en sus enlaces con la Italia centro-septentrional los puertos de todo su reino, los de Tortosa, Cartagena e Ibiza, e incluso los del sur de Francia, Sicilia, Cerdeña y Nápoles. Sin embargo, las novedades más interesantes se produjeron cuando a la simple reciprocidad comercial se añadieron también desde mediados del XV, primero, las inversiones industriales realizadas por los italianos en la pañería, el azúcar, el papel, la imprenta y la seda. Y, después, las finanzas privadas, que arrancaron con energía desde 1475 porque los italianos residentes en suelo ibérico movilizaron abundantes capitales, los cuales pudieron introducir un elemento compensatorio de la balanza de pagos con Génova, Florencia, Milán, Venecia y Roma.
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This chapter analyses foreign trade and trade routes in the Iberian Peninsula between the eleventh and the fifteenth centuries. It overviews the dual circumstances of the Christian kingdoms and of the Muslim al-Andalus over the long term,... more
This chapter analyses foreign trade and trade routes in the Iberian Peninsula between the eleventh and the fifteenth centuries. It overviews the dual circumstances of the Christian kingdoms and of the Muslim al-Andalus over the long term, although it focuses especially on the period between the thirteenth and the fifteenth centuries, and on events taking place in Castile, Aragon and Portugal. The study tries to answer questions like how were the Iberian trade ties forged, how did the Iberian economies integrate with the Mediterranean and north-European markets, and what role did Iberian and foreign traders play in the commercial gamble. For this purpose, the Iberian trade is examined from three different angles. First, from the routes and the goods traded among the Iberian kingdoms as well as outside Iberia. Second, from the role of agents and institutions. This will involve an analysis of the distinction between local and foreign traders, as well as the influence of institutional frameworks on foreign trade. Finally, the chapter clarifies the reasons why Iberia achieved a leading position in European trade during the later middle ages, and why it spearheaded foreign trade at the dawn of the sixteenth century and the so-called "First Global Age".
Research Interests: Medieval History, International Trade, Portuguese Medieval History, Medieval Crown of Aragon, Merchants (Medieval Studies), and 6 moreMedieval trade, Kingdom of Castile in the Middle Ages, Late Medieval economic and social history, Trade and travel in medieval Europe and the Mediterranean, History of the Crown of Aragon, and Medieval Economic and Social History
The article studies the elements of tax culture that could have existed among merchants in the Late Middle Ages. To do this, it looks at the example of Valencian foreign trade. This appears analyzed by means of notarial, commercial and... more
The article studies the elements of tax culture that could have existed among merchants in the Late Middle Ages. To do this, it looks at the example of Valencian foreign trade. This appears analyzed by means of notarial, commercial and fiscal (normative and accounting) sources. The text is structured around four major questions: the definition of tax culture and its possible application to merchants of the time; the positions and strategies of taxpayers regarding the payment of taxes; the fraud mechanisms that existed and the control by the authorities; and the existence of negotiations and agreements with tax collectors.
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This chapter aims to present the Exploitation of Mediterranean Alums in Europe (EMAE) international research coordination network. The goal of the network is to analyse the multiple aspects involved in the exploitation of alum in the Late... more
This chapter aims to present the Exploitation of Mediterranean Alums in Europe (EMAE) international research coordination network. The goal of the network is to analyse the multiple aspects involved in the exploitation of alum in the Late Middle Ages (late thirteenth to early sixteenth centuries). The research objectives of the group are addressed in three major sections: the conditions that prevailed in alum production, the uses of alum and the alum trade and its agents and networks.
Research Interests: Economic History, Early Modern History, International Trade, Iberian Studies, Medieval Iberian History, and 11 moreHistory of the Mediterranean, Early Modern Italy, Medieval Italy, Mining History, Late Medieval History, Raw materials, Mediterranean History, Late Medieval economic and social history, Textile industry, Medieval Economic and Social History, and Mineral Raw Materials
Research Interests: Economic History, Medieval History, Early Modern History, Economic integration, Early Modern economic and social history, and 7 moreMedieval Crown of Aragon, Medieval trade, Kingdom of Castile in the Middle Ages, Late Medieval economic and social history, Iberian Peninsula, International Trade and Finance, and Late Medieval Economy
Research Interests: Economic History, Late Middle Ages, Medieval Iberian History, Medieval Crown of Aragon, Merchants (Medieval Studies), and 4 moreAndalusia, Trade and travel in medieval Europe and the Mediterranean, Iberian Peninsula, and Merchant Shipping/Maritime Economics/shipbuilding/Mediterranean/Shipowners/Maritime Trade
El artículo presenta varios documentos notariales localizados en Valencia, de 1487 a 1512, en los que se hicieron constar acuerdos firmados entre mercaderes castellanos y los recaudadores de ciertos impuestos mercantiles que gravaban el... more
El artículo presenta varios documentos notariales localizados en Valencia, de 1487 a 1512, en los que se hicieron constar acuerdos firmados entre mercaderes castellanos y los recaudadores de ciertos impuestos mercantiles que gravaban el tráfico entre Valencia y Castilla. Dichos acuerdos se enmarcan en el ámbito global de las relaciones económicas entre ambos territorios, y sirven para enfatizar cuestiones ligadas a los mecanismos arancelarios que recaían sobre el comercio, a la importancia del transporte de productos como los tejidos y las sedas, y al peso de la actividad de los mercaderes toledanos en la propia ciudad de Valencia.
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Research Interests: Mediterranean Studies, Maritime Routes, Shipping, History of the Mediterranean, Early Modern Italy, and 8 moreMedieval Italy, Medieval Crown of Aragon, Merchants (Medieval Studies), Medieval trade, Valencia, Trade and travel in medieval Europe and the Mediterranean, Merchant Shipping/Maritime Economics/shipbuilding/Mediterranean/Shipowners/Maritime Trade, and Trade Routes
Research Interests: Late Middle Ages, Medieval urban history, Medieval Iberian History, Medieval Crown of Aragon, Merchants (Medieval Studies), and 6 moreMedieval trade, Kingdom of Castile in the Middle Ages, Late Medieval economic and social history, Medieval Economic and Social History, Kingdom of Valencia, and Toledo
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Research Interests: Economic History, Business Networks, Medieval History, Early Modern History, Medieval Iberian History, and 11 moreMedieval Italy, Medieval Crown of Aragon, Portugal, Merchant networks, Kingdom of Castile in the Middle Ages, Late Medieval History, Iberian Peninsula, International Trade and Finance, Renaissance Florence, Merchant Network, and Italian Merchants
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El capítulo analiza el caso de ciertos giros dinerarios entre Valencia y Cerdeña de 1490 a 1492, detectados en registros notariales valencianos, y señala la complejidad en la época de los circuitos financieros mediterráneos, el papel en... more
El capítulo analiza el caso de ciertos giros dinerarios entre Valencia y Cerdeña de 1490 a 1492, detectados en registros notariales valencianos, y señala la complejidad en la época de los circuitos financieros mediterráneos, el papel en su despliegue de una institución como la monarquía de la Corona de Aragón, y la función desempeñada en los tráficos por nobles, funcionarios reales y mercaderes y hombres de negocios.
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The Routledge Handbook of Maritime Trade around Europe 1300-1600 explores the links between maritime trading networks around Europe, from the Mediterranean and the Atlantic to the North and Baltic Seas. Maritime trade routes connected... more
The Routledge Handbook of Maritime Trade around Europe 1300-1600 explores the links between maritime trading networks around Europe, from the Mediterranean and the Atlantic to the North and Baltic Seas. Maritime trade routes connected diverse geographical and cultural spheres, contributing to a more integrated Europe in both cultural and material terms. This volume explores networks’ economic functions alongside their intercultural exchanges, contacts and practical arrangements in ports on the European coasts. The collection takes as its central question how shippers and merchants were able to connect regional and interregional trade circuits around and beyond Europe in the late medieval period. It is divided into four parts, with chapters in Part I looking across broad themes such as ships and sailing routes, maritime law, financial linkages and linguistic exchanges. In the following parts - divided into the Mediterranean, the Baltic Sea, and the Atlantic and North Seas - contributors present case studies addressing themes including conflict resolution, relations between different types of main ports and their hinterland, the local institutional arrangements supporting maritime trade, and the advantages and challenges of locations around the continent. The volume concludes with a summary that points to the extraterritorial character of trading systems during this fascinating period of expansion. Drawing together an international team of contributors, The Routledge Handbook of Maritime Trade around Europe is a vital contribution to the study of maritime history and the history of trade. It is essential reading for students and scholars in these fields
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El artículo pretende demostrar que la identidad marítima de las sociedades mediterráneas es, tanto en el pasado como en la actualidad, una construcción histórica que se justifica por razones determinadas. A partir de la definición del... more
El artículo pretende demostrar que la identidad marítima de las sociedades mediterráneas es, tanto en el pasado como en la actualidad, una construcción histórica que se justifica por razones determinadas. A partir de la definición del concepto “identidad” y de la percepción del Mediterráneo como “espacio de identidades”, el texto aborda el caso de la Corona de Aragón en la Baja Edad Media y, particularmente, el ejemplo de la ciudad y el reino de Valencia. Sobre estos territorios se exponen datos y reflexiones relativos a distintos sectores socioeconómicos, sobre todo vinculados al comercio y la pesca, que indican que la proyección hacia el mar no fue siempre la dinámica escogida por sus habitantes.
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The article analyzes the trade between Valencia and Sardinia in the fifteenth century, although it starts from the conquest of Sardinia by the Crown of Aragon as an unavoidable framework to understand the evolution until the end of the... more
The article analyzes the trade between Valencia and Sardinia in the fifteenth century, although it starts from the conquest of Sardinia by the Crown of Aragon as an unavoidable framework to understand the evolution until the end of the Middle Ages. The text contextualizes the bilateral trade within more general debates and points out the interest of the Valencia-Sardinia historical observatory. It also examines the development of relations since the fourteenth century and details the links at the end of the fifteenth century between two mercantile families (the Sardinian Dessì and the Valencian Navarro) as an example of the value of contrasting sources of different origins.
Research Interests: Late Middle Ages, Medieval History, Early Modern History, Sardinia (Medieval Studies), Medieval Crown of Aragon, and 6 moreMerchants (Medieval Studies), Late Medieval economic and social history, Trade and travel in medieval Europe and the Mediterranean, Merchant Shipping/Maritime Economics/shipbuilding/Mediterranean/Shipowners/Maritime Trade, Medieval Economic and Social History, and Kingdom of Valencia
The aim of the article is to analyze the economic activities that took place in the medieval buildings known as merchants’ exchanges (llotges), by using as an example the llotja of València in the 14th and especially the 15th centuries.... more
The aim of the article is to analyze the economic activities that took place in the medieval buildings known as merchants’ exchanges (llotges), by using as an example the llotja of València in the 14th and especially the 15th centuries. Four main aspects are examined: 1) as an introduction, the meaning of the llotja of València as a material and symbolic expression of the economic trajectory of the city; 2) the evolution from an “old” exchange building (from the 14th and 15th centuries) to a “new” structure (in the 15th and 16th centuries), while maintaining its urban location in the heart of the main trading area of the city; 3) the people that concentrated in and around the llotja, most notably the money changers, brokers, notaries and merchants; 4) as a conclusion, this paper argues that the llotja constituted an institutional and prestigious framework for the development of the Valencian trade and finances at the end of the Middle Ages.
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L'objectif de cet article est d'analyser les importations de pastel à Barcelone et Valence à la fin du Moyen Âge. L'étude fait le point sur l'historiographie sur ce sujet et fournit une documentation inédite. Il est structuré en deux... more
L'objectif de cet article est d'analyser les importations de pastel à Barcelone et Valence à la fin du Moyen Âge. L'étude fait le point sur l'historiographie sur ce sujet et fournit une documentation inédite. Il est structuré en deux parties. Le premier examine l'évolution des importations entre les XIIIe et XVe siècles et se concentre notamment sur les lieux d'origine et les marchands qui les ont amenés à la Couronne d'Aragon. La seconde analyse le marché de la ville de Valence dans la seconde moitié du XVe siècle et les affaires de Guinot Rascas, un marchand d'Albi qui vivait à Valence. La recherche montre que le pastel et son commerce constituent de bons instruments de mesure de la conjoncture en raison de leur capacité d’adaptation aux changements dans les structures de production (en l’occurrence, agraires et textiles) et aux transformations de la demande et des circuits commerciaux.
Research Interests: Early Modern History, Medieval Crown of Aragon, Merchants (Medieval Studies), Medieval trade, Natural Dyes and their applications, and 6 moreBarcelona, Textile Dyeing, Late Medieval History, Valencia, Merchant Shipping/Maritime Economics/shipbuilding/Mediterranean/Shipowners/Maritime Trade, and Medieval Economic and Social History
This article examines the presence of the merchants of Toledo in the Hispanic kingdoms in the period 1475-1520. It is based on the viewpoint offered by the city of Valencia and its sources, where references to the activities of Toledo... more
This article examines the presence of the merchants of Toledo in the Hispanic kingdoms in the period 1475-1520. It is based on the viewpoint offered by the city of Valencia and its sources, where references to the activities of Toledo citizens are frequent. It begins with a contextual summary of the families and companies that were prominent in trade outside Toledo and, subsequently, focuses on two aspects: the areas where Toledo merchants acted, based on a series of bills of exchange witnessed in Valencia, and the relationship between the merchants of Toledo and other groups through the study of specific cases and episodes.
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Vom Feld aufs Schiff. Handel und Export von Reis aus Valencia nach Flandern im Spätmittelalter [From the Field to the Ship: the Rice Trade in Valencia and Exportation to Flanders in the Late Middle Ages / Del campo a la nave. El comercio del arroz valenciano y su exportación a Flandes a finales...]more
This article analyses the rice trade between Valencia and Flanders from the late fourteenth to the end of the fifteenth century. That such an analysis is possible at all due to the information revealed by Valencian sources and by the... more
This article analyses the rice trade between Valencia and Flanders from the late fourteenth to the end of the fifteenth century. That such an analysis is possible at all due to the information revealed by Valencian sources and by the documents left to us by the foreign agents (overwhelmingly Italian merchants) who took an interest in Valencia. The article follows rice from production in the fields surrounding Valencia through its sale in the city for commercial purposes and to its export by sea, tracing the paths that linked countryside and city, production and market and, finally, the local and the international economy. Rice played a considerable role in the trade between Valencia and Flanders for two reasons. The first is quantitative: large amounts of rice -upwards of hundreds of thousands of kilograms per annum in the fifteenth century- were exported. The second is qualitative: the rice market was relatively “competitive”, because institutions played only a very minor role and commercial capital never managed to erect a monopoly in this sector. Two extended and electronic versions of this article have been published through Researchgate in English (February 2018, DOI 10.13140/RG.2.2.26092.67202) and through "Centro Studi per la Storia dell’Alimentazione e della Cultura Materiale Anna Maria Nada Padrone" in Spanish (July 2018).
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The article aims to examine the role of ports in the Kingdom of Valencia in the process of economic development of the territory in the 15th century. Asserting the importance of medieval maritime activity in this area, the research begins... more
The article aims to examine the role of ports in the Kingdom of Valencia in the process of economic development of the territory in the 15th century. Asserting the importance of medieval maritime activity in this area, the research begins with a descriptive ap-proach to its port geography. The author’s analysis continues through four points: the infrastructure of Valencian ports, their contribution to social dynamics and to the exter-nal impact of the local economy and, finally, the relationship that the ports established with interior areas. It will be possible thus to observe the development of more than forty Valencian ports that probably formed within the Kingdom a true port system.
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Research Interests: Economic History, Medieval History, Early Modern History, Monetary history, Sardinia (Medieval Studies), and 9 moreFinancial Markets, Medieval Crown of Aragon, Credit markets, banking, and monetary policy, Mediterranean History, Bills of Exchange, International Trade and Finance, Kingdom of Valencia, Merchants and Businessmen, and Banking and Finance
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The aim of the article is to synthesize the main realities attested on the production and trade of alum in the Christian Spanish kingdoms between the late Middle Ages and early Modern period. These aspects are described mainly for old... more
The aim of the article is to synthesize the main realities attested on the production and trade of alum in the Christian Spanish kingdoms between the late Middle Ages and early Modern period. These aspects are described mainly for old crowns of Castile and Aragon thanks to three points : 1. The evolution of medieval Spanish news on alum which are available until the fifteenth century ; 2. The consequences in Spain from 1460 of the developments in international alum traffic, especially with the commercial penetration of alums produced in the Western Mediterranean (such as Tolfa or Mazarrón) ; 3. The observation of alum market in the city of Valencia during the passage from fifteenth to sixteenth centuries, as it may serve as a partial example of the circumstances occurred in other Spanish or European places.
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The article makes a balance on the relations established, in the city of Valencia, by the native members of the society and the foreign merchants installed there during the fourteenth and the fifteenth centuries. This balance is based on... more
The article makes a balance on the relations established, in the city of Valencia, by the native members of the society and the foreign merchants installed there during the fourteenth and the fifteenth centuries. This balance is based on the specific sources and research on the subject, but it also tries to compare the Valencian case with the other Iberian countries of the Crown of Aragon and with different regions from Europe and the Mediterranean. Thus, starting from the documentation and general historiographical considerations on issues of the condition of foreigner and nationality, two questions are addressed that allow to analyze the foreign mercantile presence in Valencia: on the one hand, the conditions of permeability that offered the local society for personal and economic integration of immigrants; on the other, paradoxically, the logics of confrontation between natives and aliens that made arise the condition of foreigner as a fact of exclusion. The contrast between both questions led to solutions that are difficult to display in unilateral terms, by the enormous variety not only of the conjunctures, but also of the social, professional, personal and collective circumstances that characterized the groups of foreigners.
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Research Interests: Early Modern History, Conflict Resolution, Conflict Management, History of the Mediterranean, Medieval Italy, and 10 moreMedieval Crown of Aragon, Medieval trade, Late Medieval History, Mediterranean History, Late Medieval economic and social history, Trade and travel in medieval Europe and the Mediterranean, Merchant Shipping/Maritime Economics/shipbuilding/Mediterranean/Shipowners/Maritime Trade, Medieval Institutions, Conflict and Conflict Resolution, and Conflict and Conflict Managmnt
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Research Interests: Economic History, Iberian Studies, Medieval Iberian History, Medieval Crown of Aragon, Merchants (Medieval Studies), and 7 moreIberian History, Medieval trade, Kingdom of Castile in the Middle Ages, Late Medieval History, Late Medieval economic and social history, Trade and travel in medieval Europe and the Mediterranean, and Medieval Merchants, Careers and Networks
Research Interests: Early Modern History, Mediterranean Studies, History of the Mediterranean, Medieval Crown of Aragon, Medieval trade, and 6 moreLate Medieval History, Mediterranean History, Late Medieval economic and social history, Rice History, Trade and travel in medieval Europe and the Mediterranean, and Kingdom of Valencia
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Research Interests: International Migration, Migration Studies, History of the Mediterranean, Medieval Crown of Aragon, Foreigners (Medieval Studies), and 8 moreMedieval Mediterranean, Late Medieval History, Mediterranean History, Late Medieval economic and social history, Human Mobility, Kingdom of Valencia, Late Medieval Crown of Aragon, and Late Medieval Social and Political History
Research Interests: Medieval History, Medieval Studies, Iberian Studies, Medieval Iberian History, Financial History (History), and 9 moreFiscal History, Medieval Crown of Aragon, Merchants (Medieval Studies), Medieval trade, Kingdom of Castile in the Middle Ages, Medieval Iberia, Cross-Border Trade, Kingdom of Valencia, and Border Trade
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Research Interests: Economic History, Iberian Studies, Medieval Iberian History, Medieval Crown of Aragon, Merchants (Medieval Studies), and 10 moreMedieval trade, Kingdom of Castile in the Middle Ages, Late Medieval History, Medieval Iberia, Late Medieval economic and social history, Trade and travel in medieval Europe and the Mediterranean, Cross-Border Trade, Medieval Castile, Kingdom of Valencia, and Border Trade
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In the late fifteenth century, the city of Valencia was one of the main maritime societies on the east coast of the Iberian Peninsula. The many merchants, sailors and carriers of multiple origins active there helped to convert the city... more
In the late fifteenth century, the city of Valencia was one of the main maritime societies on the east coast of the Iberian Peninsula. The many merchants, sailors and carriers of multiple origins active there helped to convert the city into an intermediate hub of maritime resources, which we can study now thanks to a great quantity of local public and notarial sources. Based on Valencian chartering contracts (nòlits) from 1475-1500, my paper will try to analyse two kind of those resources: 1) the ships and their crews and 2) the capital involved in transport through the cost of each contract (the freight cost). In both cases, my contribution will focus on the circulation of maritime resources between the Atlantic and the Mediterranean, because Valencia acted as a sort of connection point between the two seas and the ships and capitals of both areas.
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The aim of this paper is to analyse the functioning of bills of exchange at the end of the Middle Ages, through the observatory provided by the city of Valencia and the abundant financial businesses that converged in this market at that... more
The aim of this paper is to analyse the functioning of bills of exchange at the end of the Middle Ages, through the observatory provided by the city of Valencia and the abundant financial businesses that converged in this market at that time. To this end, two examples will be selected to examine the agents involved in these bills of exchange and the networks of social and territorial relations they involved: 1) the financial network woven around the monarchy of Alfonso V the Magnanimous and his actions in Italy, especially in the decades 1440-1450; 2) the businesses managed by two specific trading companies (that of the Valencian Roís and the Florentine Del Nero) between 1475 and 1500, according to the testimonies found in notarial sources.
Research Interests: Early Modern History, Financial History (History), Medieval Crown of Aragon, Merchants (Medieval Studies), Kingdom of Castile in the Middle Ages, and 7 moreLate Medieval History, Late Medieval economic and social history, The Kingdom of Naples, Bills of Exchange, Kingdom of Valencia, Medieval Financial History, and Bill of Exchange
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This article analyses the urban trade in the Late Middle Ages from two perspectives: one, the observation of the factors that determined the everyday life of this trade; two, the analysis of the agents who were involved in it, mainly... more
This article analyses the urban trade in the Late Middle Ages from two perspectives: one, the observation of the factors that determined the everyday life of this trade; two, the analysis of the agents who were involved in it, mainly merchants. The text begins with some reflections on the meaning of the history of everyday life and with a discussion of the questions and contexts that the study of the city and trade must address. It then presents several examples of Hispanic and Italian documents in the 13th-15th centuries and, based on these, focuses on three major issues that are also addressed from both observatories (Hispanic and Italian): the abundance and variety of individuals who were present in the markets; the urban areas in which trade took place and its pace of development; and the commercial practices and the life and professional trajectory that merchants in particular set in motion.
Research Interests: Early Modern History, Medieval urban history, Iberian Studies, Medieval Iberian History, History of Everyday Life, and 8 moreMedieval Italy, Medieval Crown of Aragon, Merchants (Medieval Studies), Everyday Life, Kingdom of Castile in the Middle Ages, Late Medieval History, Late Medieval economic and social history, and Medieval Markets and Fairs
Research Interests: Economic History, Business Networks, Medieval History, Early Modern History, Early Modern Italy, and 10 moreEarly Modern economic and social history, Medieval Italy, Financial Markets, Medieval Crown of Aragon, Kingdom of Castile in the Middle Ages, Credit markets, banking, and monetary policy, Late Medieval economic and social history, Bills of Exchange, International Trade and Finance, and Banking and Finance
Research Interests: Medieval History, Early Modern History, Identities, Migration Studies, Citizenship and Identity, and 8 moreEarly Modern economic and social history, Medieval Crown of Aragon, Mediterranean History, Late Medieval economic and social history, Iberian Peninsula, International Trade and Finance, Merchants and Businessmen, and Immigration Status & Nationality
Research Interests: Medieval History, Early Modern History, Medieval Iberian History, Identities, Early Modern economic and social history, and 6 moreMedieval Crown of Aragon, Late Medieval economic and social history, Iberian Peninsula, Kingdom of Valencia, Merchants and Businessmen, and Immigration Status & Nationality
Research Interests: Economic History, Business Networks, Medieval History, Early Modern History, Early Modern economic and social history, and 13 moreAtlantic history, Medieval Crown of Aragon, Medieval trade, Kingdom of Castile in the Middle Ages, Genoese History, Mediterranean History, Late Medieval economic and social history, Iberian Peninsula, International Trade and Finance, History of Genoa, History of Commerce, History of Genoa, History of the Mediterranean, Mediterranean Studies, and Maritime History, Trade routes, Mediterranean, Ports, Port cities, Islands, Early Modern Trade, and Merchants and Businessmen
The paper deals with the commercial relations between Cuenca and Valencia at the end of the 15th century. It begins by underlining the historiographical interest of the subject and the main circumstances of these relations that previous... more
The paper deals with the commercial relations between Cuenca and Valencia at the end of the 15th century. It begins by underlining the historiographical interest of the subject and the main circumstances of these relations that previous research has highlighted. From here, the study sets out the research that the author has carried out on Valencian sources, mainly notarial ones. Its most evident results are: 1) the drawing up of a list of 108 operators from Cuenca who maintained interests in Valencia between 1457 and 1506; 2) the establishment of the importance of the wool trade from Cuenca, although this was combined with other mercantile and financial lines; 3) the definition of the existence of a plural collective of people from Cuenca in Valencia, who articulated not only economic and mercantile links, but also human and social flows.
Research Interests: Economic History, Medieval History, Early Modern History, Markets, Early Modern economic and social history, and 7 moreMedieval trade, Kingdom of Castile in the Middle Ages, Late Medieval economic and social history, Regional and Urban economics, Iberian Peninsula, Kingdom of Valencia, and Merchants and Businessmen
Research Interests: Economic History, Business Networks, Medieval History, Early Modern History, Early Modern economic and social history, and 10 moreFinancial Markets, Medieval Crown of Aragon, Banks and credit markets, Mediterranean History, Late Medieval economic and social history, Bills of Exchange, International Trade and Finance, Kingdom of Valencia, Merchants and Businessmen, and Banking and Finance
The aim of the paper is to analyse the contrasts ans parallels between economic ties and political boundaries in the late Middle Ages. It is studied the case of the merchant relationships between Castile and Valencia, in the Crown of... more
The aim of the paper is to analyse the contrasts ans parallels between economic ties and political boundaries in the late Middle Ages. It is studied the case of the merchant relationships between Castile and Valencia, in the Crown of Aragon, during the XVth century. These relationships were constantly characterized, on the one hand, by the continuity of product exchanges and the presence of Castilian merchants in the city of Valencia; on the other hand, by the existence of fiscal pressures and episodical alterations due to political and military reasons. In this context, for example, merchants were able to negotiate with fiscal authorities in order to obtain advantages and to keep the frontiers opened to their products.
Research Interests: Economic History, Medieval History, Iberian Studies, Medieval Iberian History, Early Modern economic and social history, and 8 moreMerchants (Medieval Studies), Medieval trade, History of Commerce, Kingdom of Castile in the Middle Ages, Late Medieval History, Economic and Social History, Valencia, and Trade and travel in medieval Europe and the Mediterranean
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Research Interests: Economic History, Women's Studies, Women's History, Urban History, Medieval Iberian History, and 8 moreEarly Modern economic and social history, Medieval Crown of Aragon, Iberian History, Kingdom of Castile in the Middle Ages, Late Medieval History, Late Medieval economic and social history, History of the Crown of Aragon, and Women's and Gender Studies
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The development of Valencia from the thirteenth to the fifteenth century allowed the city to occupy a remarkable position in the maritime routes that passed through the eastern Iberian coast. This was due to the use made of the port of... more
The development of Valencia from the thirteenth to the fifteenth century allowed the city to occupy a remarkable position in the maritime routes that passed through the eastern Iberian coast. This was due to the use made of the port of Valencia by ships from different origins: from the rest of the Crown of Aragon (mainly Catalans and Majorcans), from northern Italy, from Castile or from Valencia itself. In the case of larger vessels, local participacion was minor, although not non-existent. Valencian agents obtained these ships through the labour in the urban shipyards, frequently promoted by the municipality, but also thanks to the acquisition of foreign ships. The aim of the paper is to analyze this double way of naval resources and its economic impact especially during the fifteenth century, when Valencia has more abundant and diversified sources to study the subject.
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Lo studio esamina il movimento portuale di Valenza durante il XV secolo come elemento che permette riflettere le varie reti marittime e i diversi mercati che si sono concentrati sulla città. A tal scopo, si è realizzata una ricerca... more
Lo studio esamina il movimento portuale di Valenza durante il XV secolo come elemento che permette riflettere le varie reti marittime e i diversi mercati che si sono concentrati sulla città. A tal scopo, si è realizzata una ricerca diretta in archivio, essenzialmente riferita alla seconda metà del XV secolo. Si sono raccolti anche dati di varia natura, analizzati in modo frammentario da diversi autori, che riguardano l’intero Quattrocento e anche gli ultimi anni del Trecento e i primi del Cinquecento. Grazie a questo duplice punto di partenza, è stato possibile raccogliere informazioni quantitative e qualitative che aiutano a precisare la funzione di Valenza nei circuiti marittimi alla fine del Medioevo e, in particolare, la sua posizione nelle gerarchie stabilite in questi circuiti. Il risultato dell’analisi viene mostrato attraverso tre punti: 1) l’evoluzione di Valenza nel Quattrocento, con attenzione specifica per i circuiti regionali e internazionali che sono testimoniati dalle fonti mercantili (datiniane) e notarili (valenzane); 2) il peso delle rotte locali che si osserva in alcune fonti fiscali valenzane della fine del XV secolo, fonti che permettono anche di offrire calcoli su quale poteva essere il numero annuale di atti marittimi che si contrattavano a Valenza; 3) alcuni confronti con altri porti mediterranei, innanzitutto con Barcellona e Maiorca, con la finalità di capire meglio il ruolo marittimo svolto da Valenza.
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The aim of this paper is to compare four Castilian cities (Burgos, Valladolid, Toledo and Seville), based on primary and secondary sources above all in the period between the fifteenth century and the beginning of the sixteenth. The basis... more
The aim of this paper is to compare four Castilian cities (Burgos, Valladolid, Toledo and Seville), based on primary and secondary sources above all in the period between the fifteenth century and the beginning of the sixteenth. The basis for the comparison is double: 1) The analysis of the composition of merchants groups in each city, both in quantitative and qualitative terms; 2) The observation of the characteristics of institutions and political power and its members in the four cities. This research tries to answer some questions: 1) What the interrelationship between merchant groups and urban oligarchies was in the different cities?; 2) Who and how many are the merchants who participated in the political ranks of each city?; 3) Is there a perfect correspondence between urban economic elites and urban political elites?; 4) Is it possible to conclude that there are several models in Castile with respect to the three first questions?
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Research Interests: Medieval History, Early Modern History, Mediterranean Studies, Lombardy (Late Middle Ages), Early Modern Italy, and 9 moreMedieval Italy, Medieval Crown of Aragon, Merchants (Medieval Studies), Italy, Mediterranean History, Ancient and medieval arms and armour, International Trade and Finance, Kingdom of Valencia, and Arms Trade
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Urban quarters were organized in the Crown of Aragon at the end of the Middle Ages around parishes and, in some cities, around other types of structures. In all cases, as in the rest of Western Europe, these quarters were units with... more
Urban quarters were organized in the Crown of Aragon at the end of the Middle Ages around parishes and, in some cities, around other types of structures. In all cases, as in the rest of Western Europe, these quarters were units with administrative, fiscal and religious functions. They also became places of distribution of urban society, because they facilitated that the population was grouped according to its social category or profession or even, if there were immigrants, according to their geographical origin. This second case, the immigration arrival to urban centers, is particularly important in two of the biggest Aragonese cities: Barcelona and Valencia. During the 14th and 15th centuries, the demographic evolution of both capitals depended much on the influx of immigrants, who left multiple traces on the respective urban realities. These traces can be studied mainly through the municipal records of new neighbors, detailing characteristics of newcomers in terms of origin, profession and parish of settlement in the cities. But the research on these topics can also be supported by other municipal and notarial documentation. The analysis of all this information from medieval Barcelona and Valencia bases this study and will be used to try to answer questions like these: What quarters were defined in both cities during the 14th and 15th centuries? What was their evolution? What groups gathered in them? Were there districts of foreigners? Were they all well integrated into the urban reality?