Luis Gómez-Landero

Acrobatic gymnasts need excellent balance control to execute pyramids where one gymnast is supported by another. The objectives of this study were: (1) to describe balance performance by assessing the centre of pressure displacement in a group of acrobatic gymnasts executing pyramids; (2) to determine the relationship between the parameters describing the centre of pressure oscillations and pyramid score; and (3) to examine the role of each foot in providing a solid base of support to maintain the balance of the pyramid. Sixteen acrobatic gymnasts grouped in pairs performed a Half pyramid and a Straddle pyramid held for 7 s on two force platforms. Path length, variance, range trajectory, and surface area of the centre of pressure of each foot were examined to analyse the balance of the pyramid. The path length was correlated with the pyramid score (Straddle: p = 0.692 [large]; Half: p = 0.407 [moderate]). There were differences in the functions of each leg to maintain balance, with ...

El objetivo de este estudio ha sido la determinación del perfil morfológico de la especialidad gimnástica de trampolín. Se realizó una exploración antropométrica a un grupo de 7 gimnastas de categoría masculina con edades comprendidas entre los 15 y 25 años, que representan una parte importante de la élite española, siendo algunos de ellos miembro del equipo nacional. Se tomaron las siguientes medidas antropométricas: peso, talla, pliegues cutáneos (tríceps, subescapular, suprailíaco, pierna medial y muslo), perímetros (bíceps contraído, pierna) y diámetros (bicondíleo del húmero y bicondíleo del fémur). A partir de las medidas antropométricas se ha valorado el somatotipo, la composición corporal y los índices de proporcionalidad. Los resultados entre otros, evidencian un somatotipo de la selección española de trampolín mesomorfo-balanceado, ya que existen pocas diferencias entre su componente ectomórfico y endomórfico.

The purpose of this study was to determine if children exhibit greater variability in center of mass movement and kinetics compared with adults in vertical jumping. Countermovement jumps with arms (CMJA) and without arms (CMJ) performed by 20 female children and 20 female adults were examined using force platform. The data were analyzed using continuous methods to determine differences in variability between groups and between types of jump. Jumping variability was measured by using the average coefficient of variation of the force-, velocity-, displacement-, and rate of force development-time curves across the jump. The analysis indicated that children and adults had similar levels of variability in the CMJ but different levels in the CMJA. In the CMJA, the children had a greater coefficient of variation than adults in force- (20 ± 7% and 12 ± 6%), velocity- (41 ± 14% and 22 ± 9%), displacement- (8 ± 16% and 23 ± 11%) and rate of force development-time (103 ± 46% and 75 ± 42%) curves, as well as in force-velocity relationship (6 ± 2% and 4 ± 2%). The results of analysis suggest that the variability depends on both the level of maturation of the participants as well as the task complexity.

The aim of this study was to ascertain the differences in kinetic and kinematic profiles between better and poorer performers of the vertical jump within a homogeneous group of trained adults. Fifty rugby players were divided into low scoring (LOW) and high scoring (HIGH) groups based on their performance in the vertical jump. The force, velocity, displacement, and RFD-time curves were analyzed in order to determine the differences between groups. The analysis of the data showed differences in all the patterns of the ensemble mean curves of the HIGH and LOW groups. During the eccentric phase, the differences in the HIGH group with respect to the LOW group were: Lower crouch position, higher downward velocity, and higher force and rate of force development during the braking of the downward movement. During the concentric phase, the HIGH group achieved higher upward velocity, higher force at the end of phase, and a higher position at take-off. The higher jump performances appear to be related to a more effective stretch-shortening cycle function which is characterized by a deeper and faster counter-movement with higher eccentric forces being applied to decelerate the downward movement leading to enhanced force generation during the concentric phase.

... gimnásticos de Ukran (1978), Carrasco (1978) y Smoleskiy y Gaverdoskiy (1996) en Gimnasia Artística; Vernetta, López Bedoya y Panadero (1996) y Moreira y Frías (2002) en Acrosport; Sierra (2000) en Gimnasia Rítmica Deportiva y la de Vernetta, Gutiérrez, López Bedoya y ...