Lung Function and Symptoms of Exposure to the Volcanic Eruption in the Canary Islands: First Follow-Up of the ASHES Study

• Cristina Candal Pedreira ^[1] ; David Díaz Pérez ^[4] ; Valle Velasco ^[5] ; Ciro Casanova ^[6] ; Orlando Acosta ^[7] ; Germán Peces Barba ^[2] ; Esther Barreiro ^[8] ; Ana Cañas ^[9] ; Argelia Castaño ^[9] ; María Jesús Cruz Carmona ^[8] ; Carmen Diego ^[10] ; Judith Garcia Aymerich ^[3] ; Cristina Martínez ^[11] ; María Molina Molina ^[12] ; Xavier Muñoz ^[8] ; Francisco Javier Sánchez ^[9] ; Íñigo Alberto Ruano Ravina ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidade de Santiago de Compostela

     Universidade de Santiago de Compostela

     Santiago de Compostela, España

     
  2. [2] Fundación Jiménez Díaz

     Fundación Jiménez Díaz

     Madrid, España

     
  3. [3] Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona

     Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona

     Barcelona, España

     
  4. [4] Department of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery/Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de Candelaria University Teaching Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
  5. [5] Pediatric Pulmonology, Canary Islands University Teaching Hospital, Tenerife, Spain
  6. [6] Department of Pulmonology/Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de Candelaria University Teaching Hospital, La Laguna University, Tenerife, Spain
  7. [7] Department of Pulmonology, Canary Islands University Teaching Hospital, La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
  8. [8] Consortium for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias/CibeRes), Madrid, Spain
  9. [9] National Center for Environmental Health, Carlos III Institute of Health, Majadahonda, Spain
  10. [10] Department of Pulmonology, Ferrol University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ferrol, Spain
  11. [11] Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain
  12. [12] Interstitial Lung Function Unit, Pulmonology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Bellvitge University Teaching Hospital, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain

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• Localización: Archivos de bronconeumología: Organo oficial de la Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica SEPAR y la Asociación Latinoamericana de Tórax ( ALAT ), ISSN 0300-2896, Vol. 60, Nº. 8, 2024, págs. 475-482
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Introduction Exposure to gases and particulate matter released during volcanic eruptions can prove harmful to population health. This paper reports the preliminary results of the ASHES study, aimed at ascertaining the respiratory health effects of the 2021 volcanic eruption in La Palma Island (Spain) on the adult population without previous respiratory disease.

    Methods Ambispective cohort study on the healthy adult population. Three exposure groups were considered: Group 1, high exposure; Group 2, moderate exposure; and Group 3, minor or no exposure. We carried out a descriptive analysis of symptoms during and after the eruption, as well as measure lung function after the eruption (through forced spirometry and diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide).

    Results The analysis included 474 subjects: 54 in Group 1, 335 in Group 2, and 85 in Group 3. A significant increase in most symptoms was observed for subjects in the groups exposed during the eruption. After the eruption, this increase remained for some symptoms. There seems to be a dose-response relationship, such that the higher the exposure, the higher the odds ratio. A prebronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio<70% was observed in 13.0% of subjects in Group 1, 8.6% of subjects in Group 2, and 7.1% of subjects in Group 3.

    Conclusions This study is the first to report a dose-response relationship between exposure to volcanic eruptions and the presence of symptoms in adults. Furthermore, there is a tendency toward obstructive impairment in individuals with higher exposure.