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Characterization of potassium solubilizing bacteria isolated from corn rhizoplane
Caracterización de bacterias solubilizadoras de potasio provenientes del rizoplano de maíz
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v39n3.98522Keywords:
K solubilizing capacity, K release capacity, K-feldspar, muscovite (en)capacidad solubilizadora de K, capacidad liberadora de K, feldespato-K, moscovita (es)
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Potassium is one of the most important elements in plant growth and development. Most of the potassium reserves on Earth are in insoluble mineral form, which represents a limitation for the absorption of this nutrient by plants. Some microorganisms can solubilize the mineral forms of potassium. This study aimed to isolate and identify potassium solubilizing bacteria resident in corn rhizoplane. To do this, bacteria that formed a solubilization halo around the colony on solid Aleksandrov culture medium were selected. These bacteria were then characterized considering the appearance of the colonies and cell morphology and were identified by partial 16S rDNA sequencing. Their solubilizing and potassium-releasing capacity was determined under different conditions of temperature, pH, and salinity, using potassium feldspar and muscovite as insoluble sources of potassium. Eight strains identified within the genera Paenibacillus, Lysinibacillus, Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Stenotrophomonas were obtained. The release of potassium from feldspar was favored at 28 and 30°C, pH 7.5 and a saline concentration of 4 g L-1, while in the presence of muscovite the best conditions were 30 and 37°C, pH 5.5 and 7.5, and 4 g L-1 of NaCl. The most efficient strains were Bacillus sp. INCA-FRc7 and Bacillus sp. INCA-FRc19x with yields of up to 2.095 mg L-1. These strains could become alternatives to the use of potassium fertilizers and contribute to the ecological sanitation of the agroecosystems.
El potasio es uno de los elementos más importantes en el crecimiento y desarrollo vegetal. La mayor parte de las reservas potásicas en la Tierra se encuentra en forma de mineral insoluble, lo cual representa unalimitante para la absorción del nutriente por las plantas. Algunos microorganismos tienen la capacidad de solubilizar este mineral en formas minerales de potasio. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo aislar e identificar bacterias residentes en el rizoplano del maíz con capacidad para solubilizar potasio. Para esto, se seleccionaron las bacterias que formaron un halo de solubilización alrededor de la colonia en el medio de cultivo Aleksandrov sólido. Estas bacterias se caracterizaron posteriormente teniendo en cuenta la apariencia de las colonias y la morfología celular, y se identificaron por secuenciación parcial del ADNr 16S. Se determinó su capacidad solubilizadora y liberadora de potasio bajo diferentes condiciones de temperatura, pH y salinidad, empleando feldespato de potasio y moscovita como fuentes insolubles de potasio. Se obtuvieron ocho cepas identificadas dentro de los géneros Paenibacillus, Lysinibacillus, Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Pseudomonas y Stenotrophomonas. La liberación de potasio a partir de feldespato se vio favorecida a los 28 y 30°C, pH 7.5 y una concentración salina de 4 g L-1, mientras que en presencia de moscovita las mejores condiciones fueron de 30 y 37°C, pH 5.5 y 7.5 y 4 g L-1 de NaCl. Las cepas más eficientes fueron Bacillus sp. INCA-FRc7 y Bacillus sp. INCA-FRc19x con rendimientos de hasta 2.095 mg L-1. Estas cepas podrían convertirse en alternativas al uso de fertilizantes potásicos y contribuir al saneamiento ecológico de los agroecosistemas.
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1. Nghia Khoi Nguyen, Duyen Thao Vy Vo, Thi Xa Le, Lois Wright Morton, Huu-Tuan Tran, Javad Robatjazi, Hendra Gonsalve W. Lasar, Hüseyin Barış Tecimen. (2024). Isolation, and selection of indigenous potassium solubilizing bacteria from Vietnam Mekong Delta rhizospheric soils and their effects on diverse cropping systems. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 58, p.103200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2024.103200.
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