Resumen de Asilo político, instrumento reconocido constitucionalmente y causa de conflicto de relaciones internacionales
- español
Este trabajo, a través del método deductivo, explora la relevancia de la aprehensión constitucional del asilo político como mecanismo de protección de los derechos humanos, examinando la interacción jurisprudencial y casuística internacional en conflictos entre estados relacionados con el asilo político, como los casos de Haya de la Torre, Alan García, la embajada de Colombia y el incidente de Evo Morales. Además, se busca aclarar los criterios para la utilización de mecanismos internacionales según la doctrina constitucional, la regulación del asilo político y los factores internos que influyen en esta cuestión, generando un replanteamiento de las ideas predominantes en la doctrina contemporánea debido a las opiniones divergentes en la academia y la persistente subjetividad en la definición de persecución política.
- English
The present work aims to explain, through the deductive method, the implication of the constitutional apprehension of the human rights protection mechanism: political asylum. Likewise, the outcome of international jurisprudence and casuistry interaction will be evaluated, seen as conflicts between states in the field of international relations through the use of the political asylum concept. For instance, on a national level, the admission of political asylum in the Haya de la Torre case will be considered, as well as the case of Alan García and the Colombian embassy. On the other hand, at the international level, cases like Evo Morales and his diplomatic asylum in the context of the questioning of Bolivian national elections will be examined.
Additionally, the objective is to clarify the criteria for the utilization of international mechanisms according to constitutional doctrine, the regulation of political asylum, and the internal parameters of each State, which has been considered by certain specialists as a cause of conflict in international relations. All of this has brought about a renewed focus on the regulation of the admissibility of this figure in international law since divergent opinions in doctrine and academia have become polarized due to the subjectivity of the concept of political persecution. This translates into political and social instability at a societal level, evidenced by manifestations and acts of violence.
