Covariate-constrained randomization routine for achieving baseline balance in cluster-randomized trials

• Autores: E. Lorenz, S. Gabrysch
• Localización: The Stata journal, ISSN 1536-867X, Vol. 17, Nº. 2, 2017, págs. 503-510
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Abstract. In cluster-randomized trials, groups or clusters of individuals, rather than individuals themselves, are randomly allocated to intervention or control. In this article, we describe a new command, ccrand, that implements a covariate-constrained randomization procedure for cluster-randomized trials. It can ensure balance of one or more baseline covariates between trial arms by restriction to allocations that meet specified balance criteria. We provide a brief overview of the theoretical background, describe ccrand and its options, and illustrate it using an example.