Los sistemas automatizados en el ordenamiento jurídico: tipos de programación, riesgos y control

• García Majado, Patricia ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad de Oviedo

     Universidad de Oviedo

     Oviedo, España

     
• Localización: Revista de Derecho Político, ISSN 0211-979X, Nº 123, 2025, págs. 147-178
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Jurisdiccional/automated systems in the legal order: Types of programs, risks and judicial review
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    El objeto de este trabajo es analizar qué papel desempeñan los sistemas automatizados, muchas veces confundidos con sistemas propiamente de inteligencia artificial, en el seno del ordenamiento jurídico. Tras estudiar sus características definitorias, se identifican dos tipos distintos de sistemas automatizados en función del objeto de su codificación: aquellos que tienen programación jurídica y aquellos que tienen programación científica o técnica. A partir de ahí, se analizan tanto las funciones que desempeñan como los riesgos jurídicos que cada uno de ellos particularmente entraña, poniéndose especial atención en el control jurisdiccional de las decisiones jurídicas adoptadas en base a ellos.

  • English

    The aim of this paper is to analyse the role played by automated systems, often confused with artificial intelligence, within the legal order. After studying their defining characteristics, two different types of automated systems are identified depending on the object of their codification: those that have legal programming and those that have scientific or technical programming. From there, both the functions they perform and the legal risks that each of them particularly entails are analyzed, paying special attention to the judicial review of the legal decisions adopted because of them.

    Summary: 1. BY WAY OF INTRODUCTION: AUTOMATED SYSTEMS VS. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE. 2. AUTOMATED LEGAL PROGRAMMING SYSTEMS. 2.1. Legal operations as a code. 2.2. The application of highly predetermined legal operations as a function. 2.3. Legal risks. a) Error in the computer translation of the standard. b) The computerization of binarity. 3. AUTOMATED SYSTEMS OF SCIENTIFIC OR TECHNICAL PROGRAMMING. 3.1. Scientific or technical knowledge as a code. 3.2. The formalization of technical knowledge as a function. 3.3. Legal risks. a) Incorrect or deficient technical assessments. b) The use of legally proscribed criteria. c) The automation bias. 4. BRIEF CONCLUSIONS.