Publication: La justicia transicional y la ampliación de la Unión Europea a Croacia y Serbia
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2016-05-11
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La literatura sobre la justicia transicional en los Balcanes hasta el momento se ha centrado casi exclusivamente en los juicios penales internacionales y ha hecho caso omiso de la reforma institucional. El presente estudio ha incorporado el análisis de la reforma institucional, más específicamente, judicial, definida como uno de los mecanismos de justicia transicional, y ha estudiado la influencia de las negociaciones de adhesión de la UE al respecto, desarrollando así un modelo triangular entre la reforma institucional (judicial), la justicia transicional y la europeización. En esta investigación se aborda la justicia transicional en Croacia y Serbia a través del prisma de la ampliación de la Unión Europea. Se parte de la premisa de que en el proceso de la ampliación a los dos países la Unión Europea adoptó el papel de ejecutor sustituto de la justicia transicional: primero, condicionando el inicio de las negociaciones para la adhesión con la cooperación con el Tribunal Penal Internacional para la ex Yugoslavia (TPIY), y luego, haciendo uso de las negociaciones para la adhesión para promover la reforma judicial. Por lo tanto, la investigación combina el conocimiento de dos campos de estudio: la justicia transicional y la europeización. A falta de promoción interna de la justicia transicional, el proceso de integración europea sirvió como promotor externo de los mecanismos de justicia transicional en los Balcanes occidentales y ha tenido un efecto disuasorio. Después de señalar las carencias identificadas en la literatura científica, se ha adoptado el enfoque correspondiente para abordar la cuestión específica de medidas de justicia transicional: la reforma institucional del poder judicial a través de las negociaciones para adhesión de la UE...
The literature on transitional justice in the Balkans so far has concentrated almost exclusively on international criminal trials and has disregarded institutional reform. This research has incorporated the analysis of institutional, and more specifically, judicial reform, defined as one of transitional justice mechanisms, and has studied the influence of EU accession negotiations on it, thus developing a triangular model between the institutional (judicial) reform, transitional justice and Europeanization. This research addresses the issue of transitional justice in two countries of former Yugoslavia, Croatia and Serbia, through the prism of the European Union enlargement. It starts from the premise that in the process of enlargement to the two countries, the EU took a role of surrogate enforcer of transitional justice: first, by using a coercive policy of conditioning the start of the accession negotiations with cooperation with the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY), and second, making use of the accession negotiations to promote judiciary reform. Therefore this research combines knowledge from two fields: transitional justice and Europeanization studies. Since there was no domestic drive for transitional justice in Croatia and Serbia, the EU enlargement process can be considered a surrogate or indirect transitional justice mechanism in the Western Balkans that had deterrence effect...
The literature on transitional justice in the Balkans so far has concentrated almost exclusively on international criminal trials and has disregarded institutional reform. This research has incorporated the analysis of institutional, and more specifically, judicial reform, defined as one of transitional justice mechanisms, and has studied the influence of EU accession negotiations on it, thus developing a triangular model between the institutional (judicial) reform, transitional justice and Europeanization. This research addresses the issue of transitional justice in two countries of former Yugoslavia, Croatia and Serbia, through the prism of the European Union enlargement. It starts from the premise that in the process of enlargement to the two countries, the EU took a role of surrogate enforcer of transitional justice: first, by using a coercive policy of conditioning the start of the accession negotiations with cooperation with the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY), and second, making use of the accession negotiations to promote judiciary reform. Therefore this research combines knowledge from two fields: transitional justice and Europeanization studies. Since there was no domestic drive for transitional justice in Croatia and Serbia, the EU enlargement process can be considered a surrogate or indirect transitional justice mechanism in the Western Balkans that had deterrence effect...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología, Departamento de Ciencia Política y de la Administración II, leída el 21-01-2016