Resumen de Aproximación crítica al estudio de etnogénesis: la experiencia de Callaecia
- español
Reflexión sobre el proceso de etnogénesis, desde la Edad del Bronce, de las etnias conocidas por las fuentes clásicas a fines del I milenio a.C. apoyada en dos puntos: 1) la no coincidencia entre pueblo, lengua y cultura material para una misma etnia; 2) el carácter procesual de la etnogénesis: los rasgos étnicos se adquieren, pierden o transforman a lo largo del tiempo como resultado de la historia y de los elementos externos. También se discute el problema de identificar etnias desde el punto de vista arqueológico, lingüístico o étnico en sentio estricto -pues, se comparten rasgos identificativos y otros afines a otras entidades- y el concepto de etnia de los autores antiguos. Como propuesta, se plantea que la arqueología asuma el papel de guía en esta investigación mediante el contraste con los fenómenos lingüísticos e históricos, aunque su coincidencia no debe esperarse de antemano.
- English
Peflection un the process of ethnogenesis from the late Bronze Age to the network of peoples known by the classicaI sources by the end of the 1st millennium B.C. It is based on two points: 1) the frequent lack of coincidence between people, lauguage and material culture for a particular tribe or historic region. 2) the nature of ethnogenesis as a process, in the course of wich characteristic features that identify for distinguish one panicular trite appear and disappear. lts identity is the result of History, with external factors playing a part, a process in which the tribes gain or lose identity.
it is difficult to be establish a correlation between the historical-archaelogical identity of a tribe and specific archeaeological material that permits its ethnogenesís or process of formation to be known. Identifying large units as ethnic groups from the archaeological and linguistic points of view, not to mention the ethnic aspect in its strictest sense, is also discussed.
Since the tribes of the end of the 1st millennium B.C. are known from classical sources. the concept of ethnos these used and the factors they look into account when distinguishing one tribe from another is dicussed.
it is proposed that Archaeology is a better a guide ni research into ethnogenesis than historic and lingutstic phenomena, which are useful for defining historical regions, but whose correlation with a particular tribe should not be regarded as a foregone conclusion.
