This paper analyses the differences between the strategies of occupation of territories in Los Arribes del Duero and Tras-os-Montes during pre-Roman and Roman times. Differences are the result of economic and social changes resulting from the Roman conquest. Aspects such as the abandonment of some of the settlements, whilst others were still occupied, or the creation of new ones, must be related to their situation in the new communication structure and its diverse strategic-economic value as well as the particular interests of the new elites in the new territorial structure of reference imposed by Rome, the civitas.
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