This article questions the traditional historiographical interpretation regarding a significant period of Mexican history, the so-called Maximato (1928-1935), the era of Jefe Máximo Plutarco Elías Calles. Calles has often been labeled as quasi-dictator with total control over puppet presidents (peleles) from behind the scenes, actively imposing his agenda on Mexican politics. We argue that Calles's participation was more indirect, through his influence in the Partido Nacional Revolucionario (PNR), and analyze the different presidencies of the Maximato in order to show the complex system of shared power between president, party, and the Jefe Máximo.
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