Publication: La gestión del conocimiento y la ciencia de la información : relaciones disciplinares y profesionales
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2014-09-15
Defense date
2014-07-22
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Abstract
La gestión del conocimiento es una filosofía organizacional surgida a mediados de la década
de los noventa del pasado siglo.
Su fundamento práctico descansaría sobre la evidencia de que ciertas compañías
presentaban un mayor valor económico que aquel que se reflejaba en sus contabilidades
tradicionales, este mayor valor vendría determinado por una serie de activos empresariales
inmateriales (y por tanto de difícil conteo). De entre ellos el conocimiento atesorado por los
trabajadores se apuntaba como el que mayor potencial presentaba para asegurar una
sostenibilidad en el tiempo de la capacidad para competir con éxito.
A pesar de que se generaron un número importante de publicaciones sobre la gestión del
conocimiento era perceptible tanto una falta de acuerdo en aspectos teóricos básicos
(referentes, por ejemplo, a su extensión y límites), como inconsistencias en su articulación.
Paralelamente, una filosofía organizacional que se ocupa de potenciar y facilitar los
intercambios de “conocimiento” entre trabajadores nace alejada de la disciplina que se había
ocupado, tradicionalmente, de la provisión de información: la Ciencia de la Información no
es la disciplina que impulsa la gestión del conocimiento.
Partiendo de estas dos circunstancias (debilidad teórica y distanciamiento ente Gestión del
Conocimiento y Ciencia de la Información) esta investigación persigue establecer unos
conceptos teóricos elementales sobre gestión del conocimiento, válidos para la Ciencia de la
Información (consecuentemente marcando una aproximación disciplinar concreta y
diferenciada). Si la hipótesis de la competencia disciplinaria de la Ciencia de la Información
en la Gestión del Conocimiento (por semejanza de intereses y roles profesionales) se
confirma, es objetivo, también, de esta tesis determinar los factores que han influido para
que la Ciencia de la Información no tenga una voz reconocida y reconocible dentro de la
gestión del conocimiento.
Para ello este trabajo se articula en torno a dos ejes:
Uno de ellos es la aproximación teórica a la gestión del conocimiento: cómo surge la gestión
del conocimiento, qué es (y qué no es gestión del conocimiento), cuáles son las
concomitancias con otras filosofías organizacionales, cuáles sus inconsistencias y cuál es su
relación con la información.
El segundo es la vinculación entre gestión del conocimiento y Ciencia de la Información:
habiéndose señalado las múltiples relaciones entre gestión del conocimiento y Ciencia de la
Información (mediante comparación entre intereses disciplinares y perfiles profesionales) se
ahonda en las circunstancias históricas que han propiciado que la gestión del conocimiento
no surgiera desde la Ciencia de la Información y que, posteriormente, no se haya
desarrollado una relación fructífera (y diferenciada de otras disciplinas) entre ambas.
Knowledge management is an organizational philosophy that came up in the middle of the 90s. Its fundamentals are based on the evidence that certain companies had a greater economic value than the official economic value that was reflected in their balance-sheets. This extra value would be due to a set of intangible assets (therefore, complex to quantify). Among all of them, the knowledge of the workers seemed to be the biggest potential, being recognized as a successful factor of competition and business sustainability. Despite of the large number of publications about the knowledge management, it was admitted that there was a lack of agreement in theoretical aspects (related, for instance, with its limits and its extension) as well as inconsistencies in their theoretical approach. Nevertheless an organizational philosophy that deals with promoting and providing the exchange of "knowledge" among workers arises far away from the discipline that had been concerned traditionally with the provision of information: Information Science is not the discipline that drives knowledge management. From these two circumstances (theoretical weakness and the distancing between Knowledge Management and Information Science), this research aims to establish some basic theoretical aspects about Knowledge Management, valid for Information Science (via a differentiated disciplinary approach). Whether the hypothesis of the disciplinary competence in Knowledge Management is confirmed (because of the similarity of interests and professional roles), it will be also an objective for this thesis, to determine the factors of influence and the reasons why Information Science does not have a recognized voice in the knowledge management area. For that purpose, this research work is based on two core ideas: The first one is the theoretical approach to the knowledge management: how it arises, what it is (and what it is not), their overlap with other organizational philosophies, its inconsistencies and its relationship with the information. The second one is the link between Knowledge Management and Information Science: after having pointed out the multiple relationships between them (by comparison between the disciplinary interests and the professional profiles), the research delves into the historical circumstances that have blocked the coming up of Knowledge Management from the Information Science, and the establishment of a productive relationship between them, differentiated from other disciplines.
Knowledge management is an organizational philosophy that came up in the middle of the 90s. Its fundamentals are based on the evidence that certain companies had a greater economic value than the official economic value that was reflected in their balance-sheets. This extra value would be due to a set of intangible assets (therefore, complex to quantify). Among all of them, the knowledge of the workers seemed to be the biggest potential, being recognized as a successful factor of competition and business sustainability. Despite of the large number of publications about the knowledge management, it was admitted that there was a lack of agreement in theoretical aspects (related, for instance, with its limits and its extension) as well as inconsistencies in their theoretical approach. Nevertheless an organizational philosophy that deals with promoting and providing the exchange of "knowledge" among workers arises far away from the discipline that had been concerned traditionally with the provision of information: Information Science is not the discipline that drives knowledge management. From these two circumstances (theoretical weakness and the distancing between Knowledge Management and Information Science), this research aims to establish some basic theoretical aspects about Knowledge Management, valid for Information Science (via a differentiated disciplinary approach). Whether the hypothesis of the disciplinary competence in Knowledge Management is confirmed (because of the similarity of interests and professional roles), it will be also an objective for this thesis, to determine the factors of influence and the reasons why Information Science does not have a recognized voice in the knowledge management area. For that purpose, this research work is based on two core ideas: The first one is the theoretical approach to the knowledge management: how it arises, what it is (and what it is not), their overlap with other organizational philosophies, its inconsistencies and its relationship with the information. The second one is the link between Knowledge Management and Information Science: after having pointed out the multiple relationships between them (by comparison between the disciplinary interests and the professional profiles), the research delves into the historical circumstances that have blocked the coming up of Knowledge Management from the Information Science, and the establishment of a productive relationship between them, differentiated from other disciplines.
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Keywords
Gestión del conocimiento, Ciencia de la Información