Publication: Pasado y presente del arte de las misiones de Mojos
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2016-06-17
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La presente tesis estudia el desarrollo artístico de las misiones jesuitas y los pueblos coloniales de Mojos durante los siglos XVII y XVIII, en la América española, y profundiza en la conservación y pérdida de aquel patrimonio desde su origen hasta hoy. Entre los objetivos del estudio cabe señalar el análisis de los procesos de dotación arquitectónica y artística de los pueblos y sus iglesias, incluyendo las contribuciones artísticas, técnicas y económicas de los diferentes actores, especialmente durante la etapa colonial. También la identificación de las aportaciones y las pérdidas materiales acaecidas a lo largo del tiempo, buscando la confirmación o, en su caso, la refutación de los mitos historiográficos que otorgan a los jesuitas el protagonismo del desarrollo material de los pueblos de Mojos y a sus sucesores la pérdida de todo lo logrado. Para ello se ha utilizado una metodología que combina el estudio y el inventario in situ del patrimonio cultural material, conservado en la actualidad en los antiguos pueblos coloniales de Mojos, junto con una amplia investigación de fuentes de archivo, que conforma el sustrato científico de la reconstrucción de los antiguos pueblos de Mojos. Interesa subrayar entre los resultados del primer objetivo mencionado: la clasificación de los distintos periodos constructivos de la región; la ubicación de algunos arquitectos y directores de obra; ciertas descripciones de técnicas y espacios junto con variados testimonios; así como representaciones gráficas y fotográficas de los edificios donde se muestran tipologías, materiales, técnicas, funcionalidad espacial, etc. En el caso de los bienes muebles, se demuestra la rica y variada dotación que en general tuvieron las iglesias mojeñas, así como la importación de piezas durante toda la etapa jesuita; fundamentalmente pintura, platería y ornamentos sacerdotales, procedentes de las ciudades del Perú virreinal...
The here presented thesis studies the artistic development of the missions and people of Mojos during the 17th and 18th century, in Spanish America, and goes in depth on the conservation and loss of this heritage from its origin until today. Among the goals of this study it fits to mention the analysis of the processes of architectural and artistic achievements of the mission villages and its churches, including the artistic, technical and economic contributions of various actors, especially during the colonial period. And in addition, to identify the material contributions and losses that occurred through the passing of time up to the present, searching for the confirmation or, if appropriate, the refutation of the historical myths that grant a leading role to the Jesuits in the material development of the villages of Mojos, and to their successors the loss of everything that had been achieved. In order to do so, the method applied has been one that combined study and inventory on site of its conserved material cultural heritage in present time in the former colonial villages of Mojos, together with a broad study of archives, which forms the scientific basis of the reconstruction of the former villages of Mojos. It is important to emphasize between the results of the above mentioned first goal: the classification of the various construction periods of the region, recognizing some architects and construction leaders; certain descriptions of technique and space; as well as various testimonials and graphical and photographical representations of the buildings in which typologies, materials, techniques, spatial functionality etc. are found. In the case of movable property the rich and varied equipment that the Mojos churches generally had, is displayed, as well as the importing of art pieces during the entire Jesuit period, which were basically paintings, silverware and priestly ornaments that were originally from the cities of viceregal Peru...
The here presented thesis studies the artistic development of the missions and people of Mojos during the 17th and 18th century, in Spanish America, and goes in depth on the conservation and loss of this heritage from its origin until today. Among the goals of this study it fits to mention the analysis of the processes of architectural and artistic achievements of the mission villages and its churches, including the artistic, technical and economic contributions of various actors, especially during the colonial period. And in addition, to identify the material contributions and losses that occurred through the passing of time up to the present, searching for the confirmation or, if appropriate, the refutation of the historical myths that grant a leading role to the Jesuits in the material development of the villages of Mojos, and to their successors the loss of everything that had been achieved. In order to do so, the method applied has been one that combined study and inventory on site of its conserved material cultural heritage in present time in the former colonial villages of Mojos, together with a broad study of archives, which forms the scientific basis of the reconstruction of the former villages of Mojos. It is important to emphasize between the results of the above mentioned first goal: the classification of the various construction periods of the region, recognizing some architects and construction leaders; certain descriptions of technique and space; as well as various testimonials and graphical and photographical representations of the buildings in which typologies, materials, techniques, spatial functionality etc. are found. In the case of movable property the rich and varied equipment that the Mojos churches generally had, is displayed, as well as the importing of art pieces during the entire Jesuit period, which were basically paintings, silverware and priestly ornaments that were originally from the cities of viceregal Peru...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Geografía e Historia, Departamento de Historia de América I, leída el 27-11-2015