Publication: Validación de la escala de Montreal como test de cribado en deterioro cognitivo en la esclerosis múltiple
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2018-04-04
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La esclerosis múltiple (EM) es una enfermedad autoinmune desmielinizante, crónica y multifocal del sistema nervioso central, que afecta principalmente a adultos jóvenes y que provoca una importante discapacidad física y cognitiva. Se estima que entre un 45 y un 65% de los pacientes con EM padecen disfunción cognitiva. En los pacientes con EM el deterioro cognitivo adquiere típicamente un perfil subcortical -con alteración de las funciones ejecutivas, la velocidad de procesamiento y las habilidades visuoespaciales- y tiene grandes repercusiones en el desempeño laboral y en las actividades de la vida diaria. Las baterías neuropsicológicas empleadas tradicionalmente para la valoración del deterioro cognitivo en la EM son pruebas complejas que requieren de un tiempo prolongado de administración y, en algunos casos, de personal especializado para su interpretación. Es preciso, por tanto, disponer de test sencillos y rápidos que permitan detectar en unos minutos aquellos casos de EM que puedan presentar deterioro cognitivo y que puedan necesitar una valoración neuropsicológica especializada y un tratamiento precoz. La Evaluación Cognitiva de Montreal (MoCA Test) es un test de cribado que se ha validado en múltiples idiomas y que ha demostrado buena especificidad y sensibilidad en otras enfermedades que cursan con deterioro cognitivo con alteración disejecutiva, como la enfermedad de Parkinson...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, multifocal and demyelinating autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that primarily affects young adults causing significant physical and cognitive disabilities. It is estimated that between 45 and 65% of MS patients suffer cognitive dysfunction. In MS patients, cognitive impairment typically acquires a subcortical profile -with impairment of executive dysfunction, processing speed, and visual spatial skills- and has great impact on job performance and daily life activities. The neuropsychological batteries traditionally used for the assessment of cognitive impairment in MS are complex tests that require prolonged administration time and, in some cases, specialized personnel for interpretation. It is necessary, therefore, to have simple and rapid tests to detect within minutes MS patients that may present a cognitive impairment requiring specialized neuropsychological assessment and early treatment. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test (MoCA Test) is a screening test that has been validated in multiple languages and has shown good specificity and sensitivity in other diseases associated with dysexecutive cognitive impairment, such as Parkinson's disease...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, multifocal and demyelinating autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that primarily affects young adults causing significant physical and cognitive disabilities. It is estimated that between 45 and 65% of MS patients suffer cognitive dysfunction. In MS patients, cognitive impairment typically acquires a subcortical profile -with impairment of executive dysfunction, processing speed, and visual spatial skills- and has great impact on job performance and daily life activities. The neuropsychological batteries traditionally used for the assessment of cognitive impairment in MS are complex tests that require prolonged administration time and, in some cases, specialized personnel for interpretation. It is necessary, therefore, to have simple and rapid tests to detect within minutes MS patients that may present a cognitive impairment requiring specialized neuropsychological assessment and early treatment. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test (MoCA Test) is a screening test that has been validated in multiple languages and has shown good specificity and sensitivity in other diseases associated with dysexecutive cognitive impairment, such as Parkinson's disease...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Medicina, leída el 26/01/2017