The precuneus has received considerable attention in the last decade, because of its cognitive functions, its role as a central node of the brain networks, and its involvement in neurodegenerative processes. Paleoneurological studies... more
The precuneus has received considerable attention in the last decade, because of its cognitive functions, its role as a central node of the brain networks, and its involvement in neurodegenerative processes. Paleoneurological studies suggested that form changes in the deep parietal areas represent a major character associated with the origin of the modern human brain morphology. A recent neuroanatomical survey based on shape analysis suggests that the proportions of the precuneus are also a determinant source of overall brain geometrical differences among adult individuals, influencing the brain spatial organization. Here, we evaluate the variation of cortical thickness and cortical surface area of the precuneus in a sample of adult humans, and their relation with geometry and cognition. Precuneal thickness and surface area are not correlated. There is a marked individual variation. The right precuneus is thinner and larger than the left one, but there are relevant fluctuating asymm...
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Research Interests: Psychometrics, Emotional intelligence, Cognition, Brain Mapping, Brain, and 15 moreHumans, Comprehension, Male, Mental processes, Interpersonal Relations, Personality Traits, Middle Aged, Intelligence tests, Personality Tests, Functional Laterality, Psychomotor Performance, Brain injuries, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, and Medical and Health Sciences
... tener un par de expertos armados con toneladas de papel, y el denso lenguaje de los ... El «mito» de la malicia de los pioneros de la evaluación psicológica ... la inferioridad de determinados grupos sociales, a partir de los... more
... tener un par de expertos armados con toneladas de papel, y el denso lenguaje de los ... El «mito» de la malicia de los pioneros de la evaluación psicológica ... la inferioridad de determinados grupos sociales, a partir de los resultados supuesta-mente científicos que derivaban de ...
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... Although there are no longitudinal studies in Spain that include intelligence measures (Fernandez-Ballesteros, Diez-Nicolas, & Ruiz-Torres, 1999), Fernandez-Ballesteros and her group are work-ing on a European longitudinal study... more
... Although there are no longitudinal studies in Spain that include intelligence measures (Fernandez-Ballesteros, Diez-Nicolas, & Ruiz-Torres, 1999), Fernandez-Ballesteros and her group are work-ing on a European longitudinal study on aging (EXCELSA), with the main ...
Research Interests: Pharmacology, Applied Psychology, Intelligence, Educational Psychology, Predictive Validity, and 14 moreHandbook, Flynn effect, Thurstone, Frost, M, P, E, C, N, R, L, G, J, and A
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ABSTRACT El MET es un prototipo de sistema integrado informatizado diseñado para medir y entrenar las diferencias individuales en los factores psicométricos Relaciones Espaciales (SR) y Visualización (Vz) de la aptitud espacial. Los... more
ABSTRACT El MET es un prototipo de sistema integrado informatizado diseñado para medir y entrenar las diferencias individuales en los factores psicométricos Relaciones Espaciales (SR) y Visualización (Vz) de la aptitud espacial. Los objetivos previstos consisten en: 1) Medir la capacidad para gestionar en dos dimensiones Relaciones figurales tridimensionales, controlando tiempos y niveles de precisión en cada uno de los items considerados. 2) Diseñar un sistema de entrenamiento basado en una serie de criterios teóricos sobre índices de dificultad de tareas de comparación figural. 3) Asignar al sujeto a uno de cinco posibles niveles de entrenamiento derivados de los criterios previos. 4) Someter al sujeto al proceso de entrenamiento pidiéndole que realice comparaciones figurales binarias, a partir de sus puntuaciones en el sistema de medida y registrando automáticamente todas sus acciones a ese nivel. 5) Realizar una nueva medición automatizada para averiguar la supuesta mejora en su capacidad de gestión figurativa. Los resultados indican que el MET resulta útil para guiar al sujeto en el proceso de trabajar con relaciones espaciales, pero también informan de la necesidad de una práctica masiva en la tarea, así como de la introducción de un mayor contacto interactivo entre el sistema informatizadoy el sujeto. En el trabajo se muestran una serie de líneas maestras para perfeccionar el MET como instrumento basado en la teoría para trabajar sobre el problema de las diferencias individuales en razonamiento espacial.
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... 200 Ó. Herrero & R. Colom: Sensation Seeking and Crime Journal of Individual Differences 2008; Vol. 29(4):199204 © 2008 Hogrefe & Huber Publishers ... p < .01, * p < .05. Ó. Herrero & R. Colom:... more
... 200 Ó. Herrero & R. Colom: Sensation Seeking and Crime Journal of Individual Differences 2008; Vol. 29(4):199204 © 2008 Hogrefe & Huber Publishers ... p < .01, * p < .05. Ó. Herrero & R. Colom: Sensation Seeking and Crime 201 © 2008 Hogrefe & Huber Publishers ...
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... Sergio Escorial, Irene Rebollo, Luis F. García, Roberto Colom, Francisco José Abad y Manuel Juan-Espinosa Universidad Autónoma de Madrid ... Bigler, Johnson, Jackson y Blatter (1995) repli-can estos mismos resultados y relacionan el... more
... Sergio Escorial, Irene Rebollo, Luis F. García, Roberto Colom, Francisco José Abad y Manuel Juan-Espinosa Universidad Autónoma de Madrid ... Bigler, Johnson, Jackson y Blatter (1995) repli-can estos mismos resultados y relacionan el declive en CI-Mani-pulativo con una ...
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... miedo. Sin embargo, su nivel de impulsividad es menor, según la escala de la EDTC-R. Por tanto, se confirma, en líneas generales, la predicción de Herrero et al (2002). Existe ... 22. Rebollo, I., Herrero, O. y Colom, R. (2002).... more
... miedo. Sin embargo, su nivel de impulsividad es menor, según la escala de la EDTC-R. Por tanto, se confirma, en líneas generales, la predicción de Herrero et al (2002). Existe ... 22. Rebollo, I., Herrero, O. y Colom, R. (2002). Personality ...
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Executive processes are usually defined by the control and regulation of cognitive functioning. Impairments on these executive processes may have damaging effects on behavior. The present study focuses on antisocial behavior. Research... more
Executive processes are usually defined by the control and regulation of cognitive functioning. Impairments on these executive processes may have damaging effects on behavior. The present study focuses on antisocial behavior. Research regarding the relationships between antisocial behavior and executive function suffers from several methodological concerns and, consequently, equivocal conclusions are widespread. Here we measure three basic executive functions –
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Generational intelligence gains are one intriguing finding in science. Nutrition and cognitive stimulation are among the most remarkable causes of the upward trend in intelligence. The nutrition hypothesis predicts a primary impact on the... more
Generational intelligence gains are one intriguing finding in science. Nutrition and cognitive stimulation are among the most remarkable causes of the upward trend in intelligence. The nutrition hypothesis predicts a primary impact on the most deprived, producing disproportionate gains at low intelligence levels. The cognitive stimulation hypothesis predicts gains along the intelligence distribution. However, data from the entire distribution are
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Sex differences in cognitive abilities were determined using the norms from two standardizations of the Differential Aptitude Test (DAT) and the Primary Mental Abilities (PMA) conducted between 1979 and 1995 in Spain. The standardized sex... more
Sex differences in cognitive abilities were determined using the norms from two standardizations of the Differential Aptitude Test (DAT) and the Primary Mental Abilities (PMA) conducted between 1979 and 1995 in Spain. The standardized sex differences (ds) were computed separately for the DAT and the PMA subscales. Males scored higher in the DAT subscales Verbal Reasoning, Numerical Ability, Spatial Relations
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Spatial cognitive ability has to do with how individuals deal with spatial information. Spatial ability is routinely assessed to predict performance in a variety of job positions, air traffic control being an example. Spatial tests are... more
Spatial cognitive ability has to do with how individuals deal with spatial information. Spatial ability is routinely assessed to predict performance in a variety of job positions, air traffic control being an example. Spatial tests are good predictors of performance in those occupations. One of the most valuable pieces of knowledge for psychological assessment in personnel selection is that concerning
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General intelligence (g) is highly correlated with working-memory capacity (WMC). It has been argued that these central psychological constructs should share common neural systems. The present study examines this hypothesis using... more
General intelligence (g) is highly correlated with working-memory capacity (WMC). It has been argued that these central psychological constructs should share common neural systems. The present study examines this hypothesis using structural magnetic resonance imaging to determine any overlap in brain areas where regional grey matter volumes are correlated to measures of general intelligence and to memory span. In normal
Research Interests: Psychology, Cognitive Science, Algorithms, Intelligence, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and 25 moreAttention, Cognitive Neuropsychology, Adolescent, Brain Mapping, Humans, Cerebral Cortex, Female, Voxel Based Morphometry, Male, Three Dimensional Imaging, Memory Span, Aged, Middle Aged, Adult, Multiple comparisons, Parietal Lobe, Working Memory Capacity, Short Term Memory, General Intelligence, Inferior Parietal Lobule, Reference Values, Neurosciences, Frontal Lobe, Verbal Learning, and Magnetic resonance image
There are several candidate measures when asking which psychological construct significantly predicts academic performance. Hundreds of studies have addressed this issue by measuring intelligence, basic cognitive processes, or... more
There are several candidate measures when asking which psychological construct significantly predicts academic performance. Hundreds of studies have addressed this issue by measuring intelligence, basic cognitive processes, or personality. However, the simultaneous consideration of a broad and varied array of measures is much less common. Here we consider several cognitive and personality measures concurrently to define latent factors representing six
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Working memory and processing speed are related to intelligence. This study measures concurrently working memory, processing speed and processing efficiency along with fluid, crystallized and spatial intelligence. Two hundred sixty five... more
Working memory and processing speed are related to intelligence. This study measures concurrently working memory, processing speed and processing efficiency along with fluid, crystallized and spatial intelligence. Two hundred sixty five participants took part in the study. The findings show that working memory and processing efficiency predict fluid, but not crystallized and spatial intelligence. These results are consistent with the neural noise hypothesis based on the empirical observation of synchronous activity of neurons in the brain. Higher scores on fluid intelligence are thought to be related to smaller levels of neural noise-oscillations, as well as to greater levels of processing efficiency and working memory.
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Page 1. VOLUME 4. NUMBER 1. 2000. PSYCHOLOGY IN SPAIN 167 Almost 30 years ago, David Wechsler wrote: Intelligence is one of the psychological pheno-mena about which we know most, and about which we have most information (Wechsler,... more
Page 1. VOLUME 4. NUMBER 1. 2000. PSYCHOLOGY IN SPAIN 167 Almost 30 years ago, David Wechsler wrote: Intelligence is one of the psychological pheno-mena about which we know most, and about which we have most information (Wechsler, 1971). ...
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Research Interests: Intelligence, Cognition, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cognitive Abilities, Adolescent, and 19 moreFactor analysis, Humans, Child, Cerebral Cortex, Female, Neuroimage, Male, Specification Tests, First-Order Logic, Cognitive Performance, Children and Adolescents, Second Order, First Order Logic, Cognitive Ability, Cortical Thickness, General Intelligence, Individual Difference, Task Performance and Analysis, and Functional Laterality
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There is a renewed interest in the so-called differentiation theory. This theory states: the higher the level of g, the less the amount of g variance in any particular cognitive test. The implication of the differentiation theory for the... more
There is a renewed interest in the so-called differentiation theory. This theory states: the higher the level of g, the less the amount of g variance in any particular cognitive test. The implication of the differentiation theory for the scientific concept of intelligence is noteworthy: g could be more germane for low-ability than for high-ability people. A first battery of
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Research Interests: Cognitive Science, Intelligence, Cognition, Principal Component Analysis, Video Games, and 18 moreMagnetic Resonance Imaging, Adolescent, Videogames, Evidence-Based Practice (Psychology), Brain Mapping, Cognitive training, Humans, Female, Brain Plasticity, Regression Analysis, Young Adult, Rest, Parietal Lobe, Reproducibility of Results, Human Brain Mapping, Neural pathways, Neurosciences, and Frontal Lobe
The relationships between self-report and observer-rating versions of personality questionnaires within families in the Spanish cultural context were studied. In the first sample, 336 couples rated the personality of one of their... more
The relationships between self-report and observer-rating versions of personality questionnaires within families in the Spanish cultural context were studied. In the first sample, 336 couples rated the personality of one of their children. The children also assessed their own personality. Goldberg's adjectives were administered. In the second sample, 120 university students rated the personality of their parents. Both parents also assessed their own personality. In this case, Goldberg's adjectives and the NEO-PI-R were administered. Results replicate the level of agreement found in other cultural contexts. Correlations were around .40, and the effect size of the mean differences was not large. Children were more accurate than parents, larger agreement coefficients were found for the NEO-PI-R than for Goldberg's adjectives in Sample 2, especially for the Openness factor, and no substantial role for the sex variable was found in either sample. Implications and limitations ...
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Accumulating neuroscience evidence indicates that human intelligence is supported by a distributed network of frontal and parietal regions that enable complex, goal-directed behaviour. However, the contributions of this network to social... more
Accumulating neuroscience evidence indicates that human intelligence is supported by a distributed network of frontal and parietal regions that enable complex, goal-directed behaviour. However, the contributions of this network to social aspects of intellectual function remain to be well characterized. Here, we report a human lesion study (n = 144) that investigates the neural bases of social problem solving (measured by the Everyday Problem Solving Inventory) and examine the degree to which individual differences in performance are predicted by a broad spectrum of psychological variables, including psychometric intelligence (measured by the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale), emotional intelligence (measured by the Mayer, Salovey, Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test), and personality traits (measured by the Neuroticism-Extraversion-Openness Personality Inventory). Scores for each variable were obtained, followed by voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping. Stepwise regression analyses rev...
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Research Interests: Creativity, Intelligence, Cognition, Brain Mapping, Humans, and 4 moreNeuroimage, Male, Middle Aged, and Brain injuries
Research Interests: Cognitive Science, Intelligence, Cognition, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Adolescent, and 15 moreBrain Mapping, Brain, Humans, Female, Male, Three Dimensional Imaging, Young Adult, Spatial Intelligence, Fluid Intelligence, Crystallized Intelligence, Fluid and Crystallized Intelligence, Basal ganglia, Human Brain Mapping, Bayes Theorem, and Neurosciences
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General intelligence (g) is highly correlated with working-memory capacity (WMC). It has been argued that these central psychological constructs should share common neural systems. The present study examines this hypothesis using... more
General intelligence (g) is highly correlated with working-memory capacity (WMC). It has been argued that these central psychological constructs should share common neural systems. The present study examines this hypothesis using structural magnetic resonance imaging to determine any overlap in brain areas where regional grey matter volumes are correlated to measures of general intelligence and to memory span. In normal volunteers (N = 48) the results (p < .05, corrected for multiple comparisons) indicate that a common anatomic framework for these constructs implicates mainly frontal grey matter regions belonging to Brodmann area (BA) 10 (right superior frontal gyrus and left middle frontal gyrus) and, to a lesser degree, the right inferior parietal lobule (BA 40). These findings support the nuclear role of a discrete parieto-frontal network.