Since the beginning of the second industrial revolution, the use of tanks for the storage of petroleum products ensured the permanent supply of equipment that depended on fossil fuel derived from petroleum, either for direct consumption... more
Since the beginning of the second industrial revolution, the use of tanks for the storage of petroleum products ensured the permanent supply of equipment that depended on fossil fuel derived from petroleum, either for direct consumption or as an element for power generation. For correct operation, periodic cleaning of these confined spaces was required, being a common practice for the direct exposure of operators to explosive atmospheres. Currently, there are many industries that keep this kind of deposit, and cleaning works are considered of high occupational risk. In this context, the question arises as to whether human–machine collaboration thanks to the technologies that compose Industry 5.0 can mitigate these risks while generating a sustainable balance by optimizing costs and protecting the environment. In the present work, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method is used to prioritize the requirements that should be compiled to establish safe protocols in tank cleaning wor...
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Knowledge management (KM) involves learning from past experiences to avoid or correct scope misalignments, quality deviations, safety problems, time delays and/or cost overruns. KM is frequently materialized as a risk management (RM)... more
Knowledge management (KM) involves learning from past experiences to avoid or correct scope misalignments, quality deviations, safety problems, time delays and/or cost overruns. KM is frequently materialized as a risk management (RM) plan. An RM plan allows for anticipating, avoiding, mitigating, or reducing potential problems impacting project performance. However, despite their high complementarity, KM and RM are not the same, nor share the same purpose. In the advent of the fourth industrial revolution, managing complex projects involves many KM-related challenges, such as differential competitiveness enhancement and value chain streamlining. Naval platforms are complex projects that require the integration of multiple sources of knowledge and information. They also need to keep on integrating latest digital technology innovations in their production processes. In this context, streamlining the requirements management may become a differential asset for project stakeholders of na...
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This paper proposes the use of the Lego® Serious Play® (LSP) methodology as a facilitating tool for the introduction of competences for Industrial Risk Prevention by engineering students from the industrial branch (electrical, electronic,... more
This paper proposes the use of the Lego® Serious Play® (LSP) methodology as a facilitating tool for the introduction of competences for Industrial Risk Prevention by engineering students from the industrial branch (electrical, electronic, mechanical and technological engineering), presenting the results obtained in the Universities of Cadiz and Seville in the academic years 2017–2019. Current Spanish legislation does not reserve any special legal attribution, nor does it require specific competence in occupational risk prevention for the regulated profession of a technical industrial engineer (Order CIN 351:2009), and only does so in a generic way for that of an industrial engineer (Order CIN 311:2009). However, these universities consider the training in occupational health and safety for these future graduates as an essential objective in order to develop them for their careers in the industry. The approach is based on a series of challenges proposed (risk assessments, safety insp...
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Projects have become an essential instrument for the success of universities. In a context of globalization and increasing complexity, they must sharpen their resourcefulness to face these challenges and adapt to this changing... more
Projects have become an essential instrument for the success of universities. In a context of globalization and increasing complexity, they must sharpen their resourcefulness to face these challenges and adapt to this changing environment. To reach these objectives, they undertake a series of activities of a unique, concrete and temporary nature, not always technical but managerial ones. If universities work with people on projects in the production, transmission and dissemination of knowledge, then they link with society to solve its problems. For this reason, teaching and research staff (TRS) should promote a range of professional project management (PM) competences in different areas for the proper management of the projects in which they take part. Through a Delphi technique, a panel of twenty-four accredited teaching experts who are carrying out significant research and holding directive roles, measured the importance of acquiring and/or improving professional PM competences by...
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The paradigm that assumes the autonomous management of universities involves them in the redefinition of their policies and processes and the training of their staff, designing new formulas that allow them to adapt to a changing... more
The paradigm that assumes the autonomous management of universities involves them in the redefinition of their policies and processes and the training of their staff, designing new formulas that allow them to adapt to a changing environment. In this context, research and sustainable universities can link with society to solve its problems and influence a responsible and sustainable development. Through a Delphi panel, importance to acquire and improve project management (PM) competences by teaching and research staff (TRS) into innovating education and research projects is measured, from the standard of individual competences (ICB4) of the International Project Management Association (IPMA). Also, internal data sources from the flexible structures of two Spanish universities (the University of Cadiz (UCA) and the Technical University of Madrid (UPM)), are investigated, in order to analyze how they are organized. Thanks to the study of cases, an increasing tendency to work by project...
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Esta investigación estudia la formación en dirección de proyectos a través de la metodología Lego Serious Play®, explorando su uso y aspectos complementarios junto a otras técnicas de pensamiento creativo, demostrando su utilidad como... more
Esta investigación estudia la formación en dirección de proyectos a través de la metodología Lego Serious Play®, explorando su uso y aspectos complementarios junto a otras técnicas de pensamiento creativo, demostrando su utilidad como complemento de los métodos tradicionales de enseñanza, reforzando conceptos y trabajando en competencias. Para ello, se examinan dos casos de aplicación práctica, analizando los resultados obtenidos, con sus circunstancias específicas. Además, se valora la motivación y experiencia de los participantes, así como la contribución del juego al aprendizaje, evaluando la calidad del proceso y cómo este ayuda a conseguir los objetivos educativos planteados, asegurando su adecuación.
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At present, it is striking that a large percentage of occupational accidents in the construction sector are still caused by falls from height. Therefore, curbing the severe personal, social and economic consequences of these events is not... more
At present, it is striking that a large percentage of occupational accidents in the construction sector are still caused by falls from height. Therefore, curbing the severe personal, social and economic consequences of these events is not only a commitment but an obligation for all stakeholders in the construction sector. After a review of current fall protection systems on construction sites, the purpose of this study is to establish the preliminary requirements for the design, development and prototyping of a new system which can be used as an auxiliary means to prevent occupational accidents in the construction sector caused by fall hazards at height. Based on the design science research (DSR) methodology, this paper tests the capability of alternative materials (metals, plastics and composites) to withstand the loads required by the regulatory standard UNE-EN 13374:2013+A1:2019 and looks at the improvements they can offer. The results obtained enable new metals and composite mat...
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Organizations undertaking construction projects often deal with uncertainty and complexity. Risks include a wide range of occurrences that can lead to project failure. However, these difficulties may be minimized if risks are properly... more
Organizations undertaking construction projects often deal with uncertainty and complexity. Risks include a wide range of occurrences that can lead to project failure. However, these difficulties may be minimized if risks are properly managed. In addition, knowledge management may emerge as a key element in facing unforeseen events and detecting the actions that are working well in other projects. In this context, this study intends to demonstrate the influence of managing organizational knowledge on risk management and the impact of both on the success of projects and associated businesses. To this end, a questionnaire was distributed among construction technicians, practitioners and managers in order to assess the importance of factors managing knowledge and risk and of success criteria. Thanks to the participation of almost four hundred respondents, cause-and-effect relationships are characterized by means of structural equation modeling, statistically confirming them. The specif...
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The increasing complexity of building projects, with high quality standards, integrated technologies and strong management restrictions, demands the intervention of numerous and diverse specialists. This requires an intense leadership,... more
The increasing complexity of building projects, with high quality standards, integrated technologies and strong management restrictions, demands the intervention of numerous and diverse specialists. This requires an intense leadership, organization and coordination effort. However, building regulations, such as the Spanish Law on Building Management (LOE) 38/1999, only formally consider developers, project designers, project and work supervisors, quality control entities, construction companies, owners and final users as building agents. However, these categories are insufficient to represent the interests of all the stakeholders. The purpose of this paper is to carry out an analysis of the agents that are currently part of the entire building process. If their relationship of influence and dependence, as well as their alignment with the overall objectives of the project are studied, potential convergences, divergences, agreements and disagreements can be established. To do this, th...
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Por un lado, desde el punto de vista empresarial, las actuaciones de las organizaciones normalmente van orientadas a una estrategia definida por la alta direccion, en funcion de su mision, vision y politicas. Por otro lado, un aspecto muy... more
Por un lado, desde el punto de vista empresarial, las actuaciones de las organizaciones normalmente van orientadas a una estrategia definida por la alta direccion, en funcion de su mision, vision y politicas. Por otro lado, un aspecto muy importante en las funciones del Project Management es alcanzar el “exito” en los proyectos, cumpliendo con las expectativas de la organizacion. Los proyectos son a menudo los medios para lograr estos objetivos estrategicos, es por ello que la Direccion de Proyectos es una disciplina de gran importancia para las organizaciones. En este contexto, se ve inmersa la norma ISO 21500:2012, “Guia para la direccion de proyectos”, en un intento de armonizar y unificar los conocimientos y practicas sobre esta disciplina en forma de una normativa internacional. La presente comunicacion analiza la estrategia organizacional y la direccion de proyectos desde la perspectiva de la norma ISO 21500, la identificacion de oportunidades de negocio, asi como su evaluacio...
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En el presente trabajo se explica los comienzos de la experiencia en la asignatura de Prevencion industrial de Riesgos de la UCA. Esta experiencia consiste en el uso de las nuevas tecnologias. En concreto en el uso de videojuegos... more
En el presente trabajo se explica los comienzos de la experiencia en la asignatura de Prevencion industrial de Riesgos de la UCA. Esta experiencia consiste en el uso de las nuevas tecnologias. En concreto en el uso de videojuegos disenados para una asignatura especificamente. La principal decision sobre el uso de esta herramienta, es por la gran afinidad que tienen las nuevas generaciones con estas tecnologias, y su uso alternativo en la ensenanza. Tratamos de consolidar conocimientos jugando. A traves del juego, el alumno busca la solucion a un problema, de esta forma es posible evaluar los conocimientos adquiridos sobre una materia concreta, simulando situaciones que son posibles encontrar en la realidad. Esto es un complemento a otros trabajos que se realizan en los ultimos anos, en la ESI de Cadiz, en el Departamento de Ingenieria Mecanica y Diseno Industrial. Para llevar a cabo esta experiencia utilizamos la plataforma e-adventure, que consiste en el aprendizaje basado en video...
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Resumen. En este trabajo se expone cómo se está realizando u a gran colección de Problemas Virtuales, que se corrijan automáticament e, una vez subidos a una plataforma Virtual, para que los alumnos puedan tra baj r las asignaturas y... more
Resumen. En este trabajo se expone cómo se está realizando u a gran colección de Problemas Virtuales, que se corrijan automáticament e, una vez subidos a una plataforma Virtual, para que los alumnos puedan tra baj r las asignaturas y realizar problemas, sin quedarles la duda de si están o no b ien realizados. Esta metodología, además nos ayuda para implementarlas en los nuevos grados, y así acercarnos más al EEES.
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El numero de accidentes y enfermedades relacionadas con el trabajo es una preocupacion a nivel mundial. En el ambito espanol, la “Estrategia Espanola de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo 2015-2020” es el marco de referencia de las politicas... more
El numero de accidentes y enfermedades relacionadas con el trabajo es una preocupacion a nivel mundial. En el ambito espanol, la “Estrategia Espanola de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo 2015-2020” es el marco de referencia de las politicas publicas en materia de seguridad y salud. En este contexto, se muestran los datos obtenidos del proyecto de investigacion ERGOMET, que trata de dar respuesta al reto social que supone una de sus lineas de actuacion “Disenar un plan de accion para la reduccion de los trastornos musculo-esqueleticos (TME)”. En el estudio se contemplan diferentes puestos de trabajo, tareas repetitivas y diferentes niveles de esfuerzo, origen de los TME. Para la evaluacion y mejora de los puestos de trabajo, se ha implantado un sistema ergonomico, a traves de sistemas de captacion de datos soportados por las TIC, consiguiendo una identificacion mas rapida y precisa de los riesgos laborales, en la busqueda de disminuir el impacto de las enfermedades profesionales, y en ...
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Spanish residential buildings built during the real estate bubble (200-2009) complied with the Spanish Basic Building Standard on building thermal conditions NBE-CT-79. In 2006, the Basic Energy Saving Document of the Spanish Technical... more
Spanish residential buildings built during the real estate bubble (200-2009) complied with the Spanish Basic Building Standard on building thermal conditions NBE-CT-79. In 2006, the Basic Energy Saving Document of the Spanish Technical Building Code (CTE-DB-HE) came into effect. This code developed the Spanish Organic Law on Buildings 38/1999 and it was also much more restrictive. Recently, this regulatory framework has been updated by the Spanish Royal Decree 732/2019 on energy efficiency. This Royal Decree transposes European Directives 2010/31/EU, 2012/27/EU and 2018/844/EU on nearly-zero-energy consumption buildings (NZEB). In this paper, the energy, emissions and economic impact caused by this legislation change on a standard semi-detached house in the 153 cities of Andalusia is analyzed. In each location, the household’s original thermal behavior with the compliant with current legislation is compared. The calculations are performed with HULC energy simulation tool and the Eur...
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Complex projects need to face the challenges of the future (already present), implementing solutions to improve the competitiveness of the value chain and establish a differentiating competitive advantage in the framework of the... more
Complex projects need to face the challenges of the future (already present), implementing solutions to improve the competitiveness of the value chain and establish a differentiating competitive advantage in the framework of the "fourth industrial revolution". Integration of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the production processes, incorporating the innovation that is taking place in the field of digital technologies, allows to develop in organizations a vision that covers the implementation of necessary strategies to achieve excellence. Thanks to the "Connected Industry 4.0" initiative, trying to increase added value and qualified employment in industrial sectors, favor the model for the future industry and improve competitiveness to boost exports, Navantia SA SME (Navantia), a Spanish public company dedicated to civil and military shipbuilding, promotes a digital transformation plan, which aims to consolidate it around the concept of "S...
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Most construction managers use deterministic scheduling techniques to plan construction projects and estimate their duration. However, deterministic techniques are known to underestimate the project duration. Alternative methods, such as... more
Most construction managers use deterministic scheduling techniques to plan construction projects and estimate their duration. However, deterministic techniques are known to underestimate the project duration. Alternative methods, such as Stochastic Network Analysis, have rarely been adopted in practical contexts as they are commonly computer-intensive, require extensive historical information, have limited contextual/local validity and/or require skills most practitioners have not been trained for. In this paper, we propose some mathematical expressions to approximate the average and the standard deviation of a project duration from basic deterministic schedule information. The expressions’ performance is successfully tested in a 4100-network dataset with varied activity durations and activity durations variability. Calculations are quite straightforward and can be implemented manually. Furthermore, unlike the Project Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT), they allow drawing infere...
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Scope management allows project managers to react when a project underperforms regarding schedule, budget, and/or quality at the execution stage. Scope management can also minimize project changes and budget omissions, as well as improve... more
Scope management allows project managers to react when a project underperforms regarding schedule, budget, and/or quality at the execution stage. Scope management can also minimize project changes and budget omissions, as well as improve the accuracy of project cost estimates and risk responses. For scope management to be effective, though, it needs to rely on a robust work breakdown structure (WBS). A robust WBS hierarchically and faithfully reflects all project tasks and work packages so that projects are easier to manage. If done properly, the WBS also allows meeting the project objectives while delivering the project on time, on budget, and with the required quality. This paper analyzes whether the integration of a cost breakdown structure (CBS) can lead to the generation of more robust WBSs in construction projects. Over the last years, some international organizations have standardized and harmonized different cost classification systems (e.g., ISO 12006-2, ISO 81346-12, OmniC...
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Research Interests: Management, Engineering, Computer Science, Scheduling, Information, and 13 moreUncertainty, Automation and robotics in Construction, Duration, Business and Economics, Projects, Project Delays, Limits, Criticality, Project Control, Schedule, Civil and Structural Engineering, Building and Construction, and Automatic Control and Systems Engineering
In a globalized marketplace, the competition in the aerospace industry has increased significantly. Producers can choose between many suppliers. These suppliers have to comply with more requirements and technical specifications, as well... more
In a globalized marketplace, the competition in the aerospace industry has increased significantly. Producers can choose between many suppliers. These suppliers have to comply with more requirements and technical specifications, as well as take on greater responsibilities that originally fell on producers. In this context, business opportunities for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are limited, but still suppliers must try to leverage the maximum strategic advantage of the few that present. Adopting research, development and innovation (R+D+i) practices has proven to bring great benefits to companies and allows them to gain significant competitive advantages. However, the process of designing, implementing and testing R+D+i-related processes is not straightforward, nor it has been addressed in the recent research on SMEs. In this paper, a case study of a Spanish innovative small company providing industrial metrology and quality services is analyzed. Thanks to an internal d...
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In today’s globalized world, knowledge management (KM) has become an essential tool for achieving economic growth, corporate development and competitiveness. Knowledge management must also involve a balance between good practices and... more
In today’s globalized world, knowledge management (KM) has become an essential tool for achieving economic growth, corporate development and competitiveness. Knowledge management must also involve a balance between good practices and productive processes. Therefore, acquisition of knowledge (generation of ideas and opportunities), as well as its implementation in processes, where it can be put into practice, is of great importance. The objective of this paper is to propose action lines to solve the problems inherent in collaborative knowledge management related technological barrier from the perspective of Project Management. Among the results highlights the application of ISO 21500:2012 international standard on good practices in Project Management, which helps establish a framework for Project Managers that helps them manage key aspects such as deadlines, cost and deliverables, achieving stakeholders’ satisfaction, which are related to appropriate management of collaborative netwo...
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A research paper should generate new questions and is cyclical in nature, where answers to research questions of today will be the base for the research questions of tomorrow [. To facilitate this work, we propose a holistic approach to... more
A research paper should generate new questions and is cyclical in nature, where answers to research questions of today will be the base for the research questions of tomorrow [. To facilitate this work, we propose a holistic approach to information search, in addition to an overview and orderly search process to determine the state of the art, it helps the investigator under any circumstances, to find new lines of work or tendencies in any subject under analysis.
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In the COVID-19 era, a direct relationship has been consolidated between the concentration of the pollutant carbon dioxide (CO2) and indoor disease transmission. For reducing its spread, recommendations have been established among which... more
In the COVID-19 era, a direct relationship has been consolidated between the concentration of the pollutant carbon dioxide (CO2) and indoor disease transmission. For reducing its spread, recommendations have been established among which air renewal is a key element to improve indoor air quality (IAQ). In this study, a low-cost CO2 measurement device was designed, developed, assembled, prototyped, and openly programmed so that the IAQ can be monitored remotely. In addition, this clonic device was calibrated for correct data acquisition. In parallel, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling analysis was used to study the indoor air flows to eliminate non-representative singular measurement points, providing possible locations. The results in four scenarios (cross ventilation, outdoor ventilation, indoor ventilation, and no ventilation) showed that the measurements provided by the clonic device are comparable to those obtained by laboratory instruments, with an average error of less...
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El presente documento trata de realizar un análisis crítico de la norma ISO 21500:2012, así como la discusión con su posible interrelación con las distintas guías y cuerpos de conocimiento en la Dirección de Proyectos, además de mencionar... more
El presente documento trata de realizar un análisis crítico de la norma ISO 21500:2012, así como la discusión con su posible interrelación con las distintas guías y cuerpos de conocimiento en la Dirección de Proyectos, además de mencionar las futuras actuaciones previstas por el Comité Técnico ISO/TC 258 “Project, programme and portfolio management”. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6036/CD1