Teresa Chapa

espanolLa iconografia del lobo como carnicero es frecuente tanto en el entorno mediterraneo como en el mundo celtico, asociandose siempre con el peligro y la muerte. Su figura tambien es habitual en los bronces, estatuaria y ceramica iberica, especialmente en los siglos III-I a.C. Se propone aqui que este animal cumple un papel importante en los ritos iniciaticos de paso, asociandose a las cuevas santuario y a las sepulturas. EnglishThe image of the savage and carnivore wolf is often used as a symbol of danger and death in the Mediterranean and Celtic world. It is also frequently represented in Iberian bronzes, stone sculpture and figured pottery, especially between 111-1 centuries B. C. We suggest that this animal played an important role in some rites of passage, related with cult caves and burial.

Esta comunicación sólo pretende reunir algunas reflexiones sobre el estado actual de los trabajos so-bre la religiosidad ibérica, y sobre las fórmulas que podrían emplearse para rentabilizar algo más este ti-po de estudios. Después de haber realizado algunas pequeñas ...

En este trabajo se propone que las esculturas de El Macalón corresponden a leones y no a esfinges, teniendo en cuenta sus características morfológicas. El número de 5/6 ejemplares idénticos permite proponer la existencia de un único monumento ligado a una necrópolis, localizada en el acceso al poblado de El Macalón. Los indicios cronológicos señalan una cronología antigua, entre la segunda mitad s. VII y VI a.C. La iconografía del león tiene una fuerte implicación religiosa y política, y se relaciona con una apropiación del territorio y de las vías de comunicación por parte de comunidades que muestran importantes vínculos con productos de origen oriental. En el s. VI a.C. el yacimiento muestra signos de violencia coincidiendo con la crisis que afecta al mundo fenicio en toda la zona del sureste.

This paper describes the finding of a group of folded lead sheets in the Ibero-roman level at Castellones de Céal. As they have been traditionally used as weights for fishing nets, the practice at the site of river fishing as an economic resource is inferred. Some other archaeological examples ...

... Información general. Autores: Juan Pereira Sieso ( coord. ), María Teresa Chapa Brunet ( coord. ), Antonio Madrigal Belinchón ( coord. ... 213-238. La iconografía de la Necrópolis de Galera: a propósito de la caja cineraria de la tumba 76. María Teresa Chapa Brunet. pags. 239-254 ...

La Arqueología difícilmente puede detectar los detalles que configuraron la liturgia ibérica. Sin embargo, los restos materiales hablan también de la inmaterialidad, de las ideas y de las experiencias. Pueden trazarse los momentos en los que se desarrolla el rito, los desplazamientos necesarios para participar en él, pueden valorarse los escenarios concretos y el marco más amplio del paisaje. Igualmente, pueden describirse los ritos a través de los restos que dejaron, aunque estos sean muy incompletos. Pensemos en que las ceremonias implicaron a menudo altares y lugares con fuego, sacrificios, consumo o vertido de líquidos y aporte de objetos de muy diversa índole. Todo ello fue a parar a la tierra directamente o después de un proceso de ruina. La misma tierra que sirve de base primordial al trabajo en Arqueología.

The Iron Age societies of the southeastern Iberian Peninsula, like their Greek and Etruscan counterparts, used stone sculptures to decorate their sanctuaries and cemeteries. Limestone was the raw material used. While abundant throughout the region, it was not always of sufficient quality to implement the iconographic projects at hand. This paper describes a study of Jutia monument (fourth to second centuries BCE), an architectural structure supporting a number of zoomorphic sculptures. Located at a distance from any major city of the time, the sculptor’s workshop had to select the best materials in the surrounds. The present study aims to establish the origin of the limestone used and ascertain how decisions were made and collective work invested to build this monument. A geological study of the possible areas of origin is supplemented with the petrological characterisation of the respective outcropped materials and the archaeological elements recovered. Colour parameters, ultrasoun...

This chapter presents a landscape archaeology approach for the study of the logic underlying location of rural pre-industrial settlements in a Mediterranean region. This task entails the use of GIS for managing and analysing information. The authors apply a non-reconstructive methodology that studies past societies without the need to recreate the morphology of past landscapes. They use landscape information relating to two topics: settlement and geographic data. The latter include several kinds of features. Two of them stand out: terrain morphology (studied through digital terrain model analysis) and land use, for which digital processing of remote sensing images is an important tool. Information is analysed at two scales: surroundings and region. Surroundings are landscape features that relate to settlement location; region refers to relations among settlements. Two ways of interaction between individuals and landscape are considered: mobility and visibility - respectively treated...

The aim of this paper is to present the progress that has been made in the study of the hillfort of Villasviejas del Tamuja (Botija, in the province of Cáceres), based on a combination of non-destructive techniques. The possibility of cross-referencing the results obtained with different geophysical methods (magnetometry, georadar and electric tomography) raises the opportunity to formulate a reliable diagnosis on the spatial organization of this site. The most relevant results are described, and their contribution to a general interpretation of the urban structure and morphology of domestic spaces is analyzed. This information is contrasted with previously available excavation data and its framing is analysed within the existing knowledge on this type of settlements. In addition, elements of interest about the diachronic evolution of the site are added, which are relevant in relation to the hypotheses formulated about the impact of the Roman conquest. Ultimately, the potential of this type of research strategy for the study and revaluation of large and complex archaeological zones is considered.

The aim of this paper is to present the progress that has been made in the study of the hillfort of Villasviejas del Tamuja (Botija, in the province of Cáceres), based on a combination of non-destructive techniques. The possibility of cross-referencing the results obtained with different geophys-ical methods (magnetometry, georadar and electric tomogra-phy) raises the opportunity to formulate a reliable diagnosis on the spatial organization of this site. The most relevant results are described, and their contribution to a general interpretation of the urban structure and morphology of domestic spaces is analyzed. This information is contrasted with previously available excavation data and its framing is analysed within the existing knowledge on this type of settlements. In addition, elements of interest about the diachron-ic evolution of the site are added, which are relevant in relation to the hypotheses formulated about the impact of the Roman conquest. Ultimately, the potential of this type of research strategy for the study and revaluation of large and complex archaeological zones is considered. RESUMEN El objetivo de este trabajo es proporcionar un primer avance del estudio del castro de Villasviejas del Tamuja (Botija, provincia de Cáceres) a partir de la combinación de técnicas no destructivas. La posibilidad de cruzar los resultados obtenidos con diversos métodos geofísicos (mag-netometría, georradar y tomografía eléctrica) plantea la oportunidad de formular un diagnóstico fiable sobre la organización espacial de este enclave. Se describen los resultados más relevantes, y se valora su aportación para una interpretación general de la estructura urbana y la morfología de los espacios domésticos. Esta información es contrastada con los datos de excavación previamente disponibles, y se analiza su encuadre dentro del conoci-miento actualmente existente sobre este tipo de asentamien-tos. Asimismo, se añaden elementos de interés acerca de la evolución diacrónica del sitio, que son relevantes en relación con las hipótesis formuladas acerca del impacto de la conquista romana. En última instancia se pondera el potencial de este tipo de estrategias de investigación para el estudio y revalorización de zonas arqueológicas grandes y complejas .

Este trabajo estudia una cabeza femenina tallada en piedra y recogida en la primera época de excavaciones en el santuario ibérico del Cerro de los Santos. Conocida como “Cabeza Cánovas”, ha sido estudiada por sus vaciados, dado que la pieza original, perteneciente a la colección de Pedro González de Velasco, ha permanecido siempre en colecciones privadas y en ocasiones incluso se ha dado por perdida. Conservada hoy en el Museo del Castell de Peralada, se revisa la compleja biografía de la pieza y se analizan sus características iconográficas

These papers make it clear that agency, ideology, and power have come of age as foci in archaeological model-ing. Two of the three sets of authors here link these developments explicitly to theoretical trends labeled as varieties of processual and postprocessual archaeologies. As ...

Abstract: The techniques employed in the manufacture of Iberian stone sculptures have received very little attention by the specialists. Nevertheless, this kind of research has provided important results in other Mediterranean areas, offering key insights not only ...

The protohistoric settlement of Cerro de la Mesa has a strong link with both topography and landscape. Located just at the end of a confined rock stretch in the middle basin of the Tagus River, it is situated beside a natural ford on rock (also called "permanent"), from which emerges the fertile floodplain of the river. The value of these natural resources is even greater if we consider the surrounding environment of granites, arkosic sands and aeolian mantles of low fertility. The relationship between prehistoric activity and this landscape and its natural resources created a complex site, whose context is being approached from a non-destructive perspective, both geoarchaeological and geomorphological.

This chapter presents a landscape archaeology approach for the study of the logic underlying location of rural pre-industrial settlements in a Mediterranean region. This task entails the use of GIS for managing and analysing information. The authors apply a non-reconstructive methodology that studies past societies without the need to recreate the morphology of past landscapes. They use landscape information relating to two topics: settlement and geographic data. The latter include several kinds of features. Two of them stand out: terrain morphology (studied through digital terrain model analysis) and land use, for which digital processing of remote sensing images is an important tool. Information is analysed at two scales: surroundings and region. Surroundings are landscape features that relate to settlement location; region refers to relations among settlements. Two ways of interaction between individuals and landscape are considered: mobility and visibility - respectively treated...

... (1) Departamento de Prehistoria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, ESPAGNE Résumé / Abstract. The importance of locating generalised accounts of chnage in their regional contexts is illustrated by the study of the bassin of the Guadiana Menor (Jaén). ...

ABSTRACT The Archaeological Museum of Jaén's sizeable collection of Iron Age sculptures, dating from the fifth century bce, were all found at Cerrillo Blanco de Porcuna, a site in the Spanish province of Jaén. The collection comprises over 40 statues and hundreds of fragments. Incisions recently identified on some of these sculptures have been interpreted as sculptors' marks. The present archaeometric study, conducted with a 3D roughness meter, showed that the marks on several of the sculptures analysed were made with the same type of tool and the same engraving technique. While the graphological differences denote different authorship, they would appear to have been made in the same workshop. The morphological differences observed in the lines analysed on other sculptures are interpreted to indicate the use of other types of tools and engraving techniques.

The Orientalising Stone Bull of Porcuna (Jaén, Spain)
The stone sculpture has been considered as a diagnostic feature of the Iberian Culture. Nevertheless, recent findings and
re-examination of old ones suggest that it was already employed in pre-Iberian times. The kneeling bull from Porcuna is
presented here as an evidence of the orientalizing stone sculpture in Central Andalusia, and a dating around the end of
the 7th or the beginning of the 6th century BC is proposed. In addition to the iconographic study, the sculpture is also discussed
as a workshop product, analyzing the complex skills of design and manufacture displayed, from the stone cutter
to the master sculptor. One of the most interesting aspects is the presence of applied elements, probably made of valuable
materials. It is also proposed that the bull was placed on a cult place at the entrance of the ancient town of Porcuna.