The Mex-Cog cognitive assessment battery: discriminant analysis of the cognitive performance profile in older adults
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21149/14826Palabras clave:
cognitive assessment, dementia, mild cognitive impairment, MexicoResumen
Objective. To analyze the cognitive profile of a clinical sample using the Mex-Cog cognitive battery and establish which cognitive measures and domains contribute most to group separation. Materials and methods. A group of 145 older adults previously diagnosed with dementia (n= 47), mild cognitive impairment MCI (n= 47), or as cognitively normal (n= 51) were assessed with the Mex-Cog cognitive battery. Six linear discriminant analyses (LDA) were estimated to compare dementia vs. cognitively normal, MCI vs. cognitively normal, and MCI vs. dementia, using ten individual measures and six cognitive domains. We used a leave-one-out cross-validation procedure to evaluate the predictive capacity of LDA models. Results. Discriminant functions using individual measures and domains distinguished correctly 100% of dementia and cognitively normal groups showing a memory and executive function profile. The predictive group membership for MCI versus cognitively normal varied between 82 and 85%, with a cognitive profile associated with attention-executive function followed by memory. Group separation between MCI and dementia was between 80 and 87%, characterized by orientation, memory, and visuospatial abilities. Conclusions. The Mex-Cog cognitive battery is useful for identifying cognitive impairment in older adults.
Descargas
Citas
Mejia-Arango S, Avila J, Downer B, Garcia MA, Michaels-Obregon A, Saenz JL, et al. Effect of demographic and health dynamics on cognitive status in Mexico between 2001 and 2015: Evidence from the Mexican Health and Aging Study. Geriatrics. 2021;6(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics6030063
Arce-Rentería M, Manly JJ, Vonk JM, Mejía-Arango S, Michaels-Obregon A, Samper-Ternent R, et al. Midlife vascular factors and prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in late-life in Mexico. JINS. 2022;28(4):351-61. http://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617721000539
Crimmins EM, Kim JK, Langa KM, Weir DR. Assessment of cognition using surveys and neuropsychological assessment: The health and retirement study and the aging, demographics, and memory study. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc. 2011;66(suppl1):i162-71. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbr048
American Psychiatric Pub. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. APA, 2013.
Health and Retirement Study. International Family of Studies. Institute for Social Research, 2023 [cited February 2023]. Available from: https://hrs.isr.umich.edu/about/international-sister-studies
HCAP Network. Understanding cognition through Harmonized Data. HCAP Network, 2022 [cited February 2023]. Available from: https://hcap.isr.umich.edu
Wong R, Michaels-Obregon A, Palloni A. Cohort Profile: The Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS). Int J Epidemiol. 2017;46(2):e2. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyu263
Mejia-Arango S, Nevarez R, Michaels-Obregon A, Trejo-Valdivia B, Mendoza-Alvarado LR, Sosa-Ortiz AL, et al. The Mexican Cognitive Aging Ancillary Study (Mex-Cog): Study Design and Methods. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2020;91:104210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2020.104210
Sheikh JI, Yesavage JA. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS): recent evidence and development of a shorter version. In: Brink TL. Clinical gerontology: A guide to assessment and intervention. New York: Routledge, 2014, 165-73. https://doi.org/10.1300/J018v05n01_09
Ostrosky-Solís F, Ardila A, Rosselli M. NEUROPSI: A brief neuropsychological test battery in Spanish with norms by age and educational level. J int Neuropsychol Soc. 1999;5(5):413-33. http://doi.org/10.1017/s1355617799555045
Hughes CP, Berg L, Danziger W, Coben LA, Martin RL. A new clinical scale for the staging of dementia. BJPsych. 1982;140(6):566-72. http://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.140.6.566
Mokri H, Ávila-Funes JA, Meillon C, Gutiérrez-Robledo LM, Amieva H. Normative data for the Mini-Mental State Examination, the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test and the Isaacs Set Test for an older adult Mexican population: The Coyoacán cohort study. Clin Neuropsychol. 2013;27(6):1004-18. https://doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2013.809793
Hair JF, Black WC, Babin BJ, Anderson RE. Multivariate data analysis. Prentice Hall, 2009.
Hemmy LS, Linskens EJ, Silverman PC, Miller MA, Talley KMC, Taylor BC, et al. Brief cognitive tests for distinguishing clinical Alzheimer-type dementia from mild cognitive impairment or normal cognition in older adults with suspected cognitive impairment. Ann Intern Med. 2020;172(10):678-87. https://doi.org/10.7326/m19-3889
Weissberger GH, Strong JV, Stefanidis KB, Summers MJ, Bondi MW, Stricker NH. Diagnostic accuracy of memory measures in Alzheimer’s dementia and mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuropsychol Rev. 2017;27(4):354-88. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-017-9360-6
Belleville S, Fouquet C, Hudon C, Zomahoun HTV, Croteau J, Consortium for the Early Identification of Alzheimer’s disease-Quebec. Neuropsychological measures that predict progression from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer’s type dementia in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuropsychol Rev. 2017;27(4):328-53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-017-9361-5
Reed BR, Mungas DM, Kramer JH, Ellis W, Vinters HV, Zarow C, et al. Profiles of neuropsychological impairment in autopsy-defined Alzheimer’s disease and cerebrovascular disease. Brain. 2007;130(3):731-9. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awl385
Dong YH, Qiang-Gan DZ, Tay SZ, Koay WI, Collinson SL, Hilal S, et al. Patterns of neuropsychological impairment in Alzheimer’s disease and mixed dementia. J Neurol Sci. 2013;333(1-2):5-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2013.05.011
Custodio N, Montesinos R, Lira D, Herrera-Pérez E, Bardales Y, Valeriano-Lorenzo L. Mixed dementia: A review of the evidence. Dement Neuropsychol. 2017;11(4):364-70. https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-57642016dn11-040005
Polden M, Wilcockson TD, Crawford TJ. The disengagement of visual attention: An eye-tracking study of cognitive impairment, ethnicity and age. Brain Sci. 2020;10(7):461. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10070461
Storandt M. Cognitive deficits in the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease. Curr Dir Psychol Sci. 2008;17(3):198-202. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2008.00574.x
Brandt J, Aretouli E, Neijstrom E, Samek J, Manning K, Albert MS, et al. Selectivity of executive function deficits in mild cognitive impairment. Neuropsychology. 2009;23(5):607-18. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015851
Guerrero-Berroa E, Luo X, Schmeidler J, Rapp MA, Dahlman K, Grossman HT, et al. The MMSE orientation for time domain is a strong predictor of subsequent cognitive decline in the elderly. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2009;24(12):1429-37. https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.2282
Wolk DA, Manning K, Kliot D, Arnold SE. Recognition memory in amnestic-mild cognitive impairment: insights from event-related potentials. Front Aging Neurosci. 2013;5:89. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2013.00089
Yew B, Alladi S, Shailaja M, Hodges JR, Hornberger M. Lost and forgotten? Orientation versus memory in Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal dementia. J Alzheimers Dis. 2013;33(2):473-81. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-2012-120769
Mexican Health and Aging Study. Mexican Health and Aging Study website. Mexico: MHAS, 2022 [cited February 2023]. Available from: https://www.mhasweb.org/Home/index.aspx
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2023 Salud Pública de México
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
Al proponer un trabajo para su publicación, los autores aceptan las condiciones contenidas en las presentes normas y ceden a Salud Pública de México los derechos patrimoniales sobre el artículo en cuestión, a fin de que ésta lo edite, publique, reproduzca, difunda, comercialice, traduzca o autorice su traducción a cualquier idioma.
Los derechos transferidos incluyen la publicación del artículo por cualquier medio, sea éste impreso, magnético o electrónico, o por cualquier otro soporte o medio de difusión que exista o pueda crearse en el futuro, así como la realización de publicaciones mediante la concesión de licencias totales o parciales a terceros.
Los artículos aceptados serán publicados en Salud Pública de México bajo una licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional.
Los trabajos propuestos deberán ser originales e inéditos, y no podrán presentarse a ninguna otra revista mientras se encuentren sometidos a la consideración de Salud Pública de México.También se reciben trabajos completos publicados previamente en forma de resumen, o trabajos no publicados presentados en congresos o seminarios.
Todos los trabajos serán publicados con pleno conocimiento de los autores.
Los artículos firmados son responsabilidad de los autores y no necesariamente reflejan la opinión de la revista, del Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública o de la institución a la que están afiliados los autores.