High Blood Pressure Accelerates Gait Slowing in Well-Functioning Older Adults over 18-Years of Follow-Up
- Autores: Caterina Rosano, William T. Longstreth, Robert M. Boudreau, Christopher A. Taylor, Yan Du, Lewis H. Kuller, Anne B. Newman
- Localización: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, ISSN 0002-8614, Vol. 59, Nº. 3, 2011, págs. 390-397
- Idioma: inglés
- Enlaces
-
Resumen
OBJECTIVES: To examine whether the association between hypertension and decline in gait speed is significant in well-functioning older adults and whether other health-related factors, such as brain, kidney, and heart function, can explain it.
DESIGN: Longitudinal cohort study.
SETTING: Cardiovascular Health Study.
PARTICIPANTS: Of 2,733 potential participants with a brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, measures of mobility and systolic blood pressure (BP), no self-reported disability in 1992 to 1994 (baseline), and with at least 1 follow-up gait speed measurement through 1997 to 1999, 643 (aged 73.6, 57% female, 15% black) who had received a second MRI in 1997 to 1999 and an additional gait speed measure in 2005 to 2006 were included.
MEASUREMENTS: Mixed models with random slopes and intercepts were adjusted for age, race, and sex. Main explanatory factors included white matter hyperintensity progression, baseline cystatin-C, and left cardiac ventricular mass. Incidence of stroke and dementia, BP trajectories, and intake of antihypertensive medications during follow-up were tested as other potential explanatory factors.
RESULTS: Higher systolic BP was associated with faster rate of gait speed decline in this selected group of 643 participants, and results were similar in the parent cohort (N=2,733). Participants with high BP (n=293) had a significantly faster rate of gait speed decline than those with baseline BP less than 140/90 mmHg and no history of hypertension (n=350). Rates were similar for those with history of hypertension who were uncontrolled (n=110) or controlled (n=87) at baseline and for those who were newly diagnosed (n=96) at baseline. Adjustment for explanatory factors or for other covariates (education, prevalent cardiovascular disease, physical activity, vision, mood, cognition, muscle strength, body mass index, osteoporosis) did not change the results.
CONCLUSION: High BP accelerates gait slowing in well-functioning older adults over a long period of time, even for those who control their BP or develop hypertension later in life. Health-related measurements did not explain these associations. Future studies to investigate the mechanisms linking hypertension to slowing gait in older adults are warranted.
